{"id":284,"date":"2021-03-16T15:58:01","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T15:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=284"},"modified":"2021-03-16T16:01:47","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T16:01:47","slug":"what-is-patient-centered-care","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/chapter\/what-is-patient-centered-care\/","title":{"raw":"What Is Patient-Centered Care?","rendered":"What Is Patient-Centered Care?"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"article_left\">\r\n<div class=\"article_toolbar article_toolbar-md-sticky\"><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"article_right\">\r\n<div class=\"article_content\">\r\n<div class=\"article_content_row\">\r\n<div class=\"article_content_left\">\r\n<h1 class=\"article_title\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;font-weight: normal;text-align: initial;color: #373d3f\">In patient-centered care, an individual\u2019s specific health needs and desired health outcomes are the driving force behind all health care decisions and quality measurements. Patients are partners with their health care providers, and providers treat patients not only from a clinical perspective, but also from an emotional, mental, spiritual, social, and financial perspective.<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"article_content_row\">\r\n<div class=\"article_content_left cat-body2\">\r\n<div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\">\r\n<div id=\"acd3e95\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\r\n<h3 id=\"d3e95\" class=\" article_sec\"><b>Elements of Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\r\nPatient- and family-centered care encourages the active collaboration and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1109283\">shared decision-making<\/a>\u00a0between patients, families, and providers to design and manage a\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/healthcare-built-order-customized-care\/\">customized<\/a>\u00a0and comprehensive care plan.\r\n\r\nMost definitions of patient-centered care have several common elements that affect the way health systems and facilities are designed and managed, and the way care is delivered:\r\n<ul class=\"NLM_list-list_type-bullet\">\r\n \t<li>The health care system\u2019s mission, vision, values, leadership, and quality-improvement drivers are aligned to patient-centered goals.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Care is collaborative, coordinated, and accessible. The right care is provided at the right time and the right place.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Care focuses on physical comfort as well as emotional well-being.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Patient and family preferences, values, cultural traditions, and socioeconomic conditions are respected.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Patients and their families are an expected part of the care team and play a role in decisions at the patient and system level.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The presence of family members in the care setting is encouraged and facilitated.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Information is shared fully and in a timely manner so that patients and their family members can make informed decisions.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<figure id=\"f1\" class=\"article__inlineFigure article_figure\">\r\n<div class=\"article_figure_header clearfix\">\r\n<h4 class=\"article_figure_title cat-h9\"><span class=\"captionLabel\">Figure 1<\/span>.<\/h4>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"article_figure_image\"><img class=\"figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/cms\/asset\/522ec816-72da-429a-bab1-053a5573bce6\/patient-centered-care.png\" alt=\"Patient-Centered Care: Patient at heart of care continuum. Patient goals &amp; values top priority. Family involved at every stage.\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\r\n<div id=\"acd3e144\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\r\n<h3 id=\"d3e144\" class=\" article_sec\"><b>Benefits of Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\r\nThe primary goal and benefit of patient-centered care is to improve\u00a0<b>individual<\/b>\u00a0health outcomes, not just\u00a0<b>population<\/b>\u00a0health outcomes, although population outcomes may also improve. Not only do patients benefit, but providers and health care systems benefit as well, through:\r\n<ul class=\"NLM_list-list_type-bullet\">\r\n \t<li>Improved satisfaction scores among patients and their families.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Enhanced reputation of providers among health care consumers.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Better morale and productivity among clinicians and ancillary staff.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Improved resource allocation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reduced expenses and increased financial margins throughout the continuum of care.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div id=\"acd3e173\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\r\n<h3 id=\"d3e173\" class=\" article_sec\"><b>Patient-Centered Care Examples<\/b><\/h3>\r\nPatient-focused care is realized in a number of ways, across a variety health care settings, from family care and specialty providers, to acute, emergency, and long-term care providers. Here are a few examples.\r\n<ol class=\"NLM_list-list_type-order\">\r\n \t<li><b>Patient-centered care in the doctor\u2019s office.<\/b>\u00a0Under patient-centered care, care focuses more on the patient\u2019s problem than on his or her diagnosis. Patients have\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/videos\/measure-patient-trust\/\">trusted, personal relationships<\/a>\u00a0with their doctors in patient-focused care models. Empathy,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/engaging-patients-adding-value-talking\/\">two-way communication<\/a>, and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/electronic-health-record-tale-two-visits\/\">eye-to-eye contact<\/a>\u00a0are crucial, as is the ability of the doctor to see beyond a patient\u2019s\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/chronic-pain-care-falls-short\/\">immediate symptoms or pain<\/a>. This broader look at the needs of the whole patient requires providers to offer services or referral to services such as\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/videos\/power-social-connectedness-peer-support-programs\/\">peer support programs<\/a>, social workers, financial counselors, mental and emotional health providers, transportation and daily living assistance, and in some communities, language and literacy education. While human interaction takes a primary role in patient-centered care, physician practices may also employ a variety of\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/digital-health-technology-access\/\">technology-based tools<\/a>\u00a0to help\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/patient-researchers-physician-consultants-confront-chronic-disease\/\">patients take ownership<\/a>\u00a0of their health care outside of the doctor\u2019s office. Tools range from 24\/7 online portals that let patients schedule appointments, get information about their condition and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/patient-centered-checklists-next-frontier\/\">care instructions<\/a>, review lab results and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/opennotes-knowing-change-health-care\/\">doctor\u2019s notes<\/a>, and pay bills at their convenience, to wearable technology and apps that let patients track their \u201cimportant numbers\u201d such as weight, blood pressure, glucose levels, and cholesterol.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><b>Patient-centered care in the hospital.<\/b>\u00a0Strict visiting hours and visitor restrictions are a thing of the past in a patient-centered care model. Patients are given the authority to identify who can visit and when. Family members (as defined by the patient and not limited to blood relations) are invited to visit during rounding and shift changes so they can be part of the care team, participating in discussions and care decisions. When not in the room with the patient, they are kept informed of their loved one\u2019s progress through direct and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/ease-operating-room-mobile-communication-app\/\">timely updates<\/a>. A patient-centered care hospital\u2019s infrastructure encourages family collaboration through a home-like environment that not only meets the needs of the patient, but also meets the needs of family members. For example, maternity wards are being redesigned with family-friendly postpartum rooms that can accommodate the mom, new baby, and family members, who are encouraged to spend up to 24 hours a day together in the room to foster family bonding.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><b>Personalized medicine.<\/b>\u00a0The concept of patient-centered care extends to the\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/adopt-precision-medicine-personalized-health\/\">treatments and therapies<\/a>\u00a0clinicians provide. Not only are care plans customized, but medications are often customized as well. A patient\u2019s individual genetics, metabolism, biomarkers, immune system, and other \u201csignatures\u201d\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/p4-medicine-democratization-health\/\">can now be harnessed<\/a>\u00a0in many disease states \u2014 especially cancer \u2014 to create personalized medications and therapies, as well as companion diagnostics that help clinicians better predict the best drug for each patient.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div id=\"acd3e239\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\r\n<h3 id=\"d3e239\" class=\" article_sec\"><b>Cultural Shift to Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\r\nAs with other forms of\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/what-is-value-based-healthcare\/\">value-based health care<\/a>, patient-centered care requires a\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/problems-patient-engagement-design\/\">shift<\/a>\u00a0in the way provider practices and health systems are designed, managed, and reimbursed. In keeping with the tenets of patient-centeredness, this shift neither happens in a vacuum, it driven by traditional hierarchies in which providers or clinicians are the lone authority. Everyone, from the parking valet and environmental services staff to c-suite members, are engaged in the process, which impacts hiring, training, leadership style, and organizational culture.\r\n\r\nPatient-centered care also represents a shift in the traditional roles of patients and their families from one of passive \u201corder taker\u201d to one of active \u201cteam member.\u201d One of the country\u2019s leading proponents of patient-centered care, Dr. James Rickert,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"http:\/\/healthaffairs.org\/blog\/2012\/01\/24\/patient-centered-care-what-it-means-and-how-to-get-there\/\">has stated<\/a>\u00a0that one of the basic tenets of patient-centered care is that \u201cpatients know best how well their health providers are meeting their needs.\u201d To that end, many providers are implementing patient satisfaction surveys,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/pfac-quality-memorial-sloan-kettering\/\">patient and family advisory councils<\/a>, and focus groups, and using the resulting information to continuously improve the way health care facilities and provider practices are designed, managed, and maintained from both a physical and operational perspective so they become centered more on the individual person than on a checklist of services provided.\r\n\r\nAs the popularity of patient- and family-centered health care increases, it is expected that patients will become more engaged and satisfied with the delivery of their care, and evidence of its clinical efficacy should continue to mount.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"article_left\">\n<div class=\"article_toolbar article_toolbar-md-sticky\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_right\">\n<div class=\"article_content\">\n<div class=\"article_content_row\">\n<div class=\"article_content_left\">\n<h1 class=\"article_title\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;font-weight: normal;text-align: initial;color: #373d3f\">In patient-centered care, an individual\u2019s specific health needs and desired health outcomes are the driving force behind all health care decisions and quality measurements. Patients are partners with their health care providers, and providers treat patients not only from a clinical perspective, but also from an emotional, mental, spiritual, social, and financial perspective.<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_content_row\">\n<div class=\"article_content_left cat-body2\">\n<div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\">\n<div id=\"acd3e95\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"d3e95\" class=\"article_sec\"><b>Elements of Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Patient- and family-centered care encourages the active collaboration and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1109283\">shared decision-making<\/a>\u00a0between patients, families, and providers to design and manage a\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/healthcare-built-order-customized-care\/\">customized<\/a>\u00a0and comprehensive care plan.<\/p>\n<p>Most definitions of patient-centered care have several common elements that affect the way health systems and facilities are designed and managed, and the way care is delivered:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"NLM_list-list_type-bullet\">\n<li>The health care system\u2019s mission, vision, values, leadership, and quality-improvement drivers are aligned to patient-centered goals.<\/li>\n<li>Care is collaborative, coordinated, and accessible. The right care is provided at the right time and the right place.<\/li>\n<li>Care focuses on physical comfort as well as emotional well-being.<\/li>\n<li>Patient and family preferences, values, cultural traditions, and socioeconomic conditions are respected.<\/li>\n<li>Patients and their families are an expected part of the care team and play a role in decisions at the patient and system level.<\/li>\n<li>The presence of family members in the care setting is encouraged and facilitated.<\/li>\n<li>Information is shared fully and in a timely manner so that patients and their family members can make informed decisions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"f1\" class=\"article__inlineFigure article_figure\">\n<div class=\"article_figure_header clearfix\">\n<h4 class=\"article_figure_title cat-h9\"><span class=\"captionLabel\">Figure 1<\/span>.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article_figure_image\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"figure__image\" src=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/cms\/asset\/522ec816-72da-429a-bab1-053a5573bce6\/patient-centered-care.png\" alt=\"Patient-Centered Care: Patient at heart of care continuum. Patient goals &amp; values top priority. Family involved at every stage.\" \/><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<div id=\"acd3e144\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"d3e144\" class=\"article_sec\"><b>Benefits of Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>The primary goal and benefit of patient-centered care is to improve\u00a0<b>individual<\/b>\u00a0health outcomes, not just\u00a0<b>population<\/b>\u00a0health outcomes, although population outcomes may also improve. Not only do patients benefit, but providers and health care systems benefit as well, through:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"NLM_list-list_type-bullet\">\n<li>Improved satisfaction scores among patients and their families.<\/li>\n<li>Enhanced reputation of providers among health care consumers.<\/li>\n<li>Better morale and productivity among clinicians and ancillary staff.<\/li>\n<li>Improved resource allocation.<\/li>\n<li>Reduced expenses and increased financial margins throughout the continuum of care.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"acd3e173\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"d3e173\" class=\"article_sec\"><b>Patient-Centered Care Examples<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Patient-focused care is realized in a number of ways, across a variety health care settings, from family care and specialty providers, to acute, emergency, and long-term care providers. Here are a few examples.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"NLM_list-list_type-order\">\n<li><b>Patient-centered care in the doctor\u2019s office.<\/b>\u00a0Under patient-centered care, care focuses more on the patient\u2019s problem than on his or her diagnosis. Patients have\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/videos\/measure-patient-trust\/\">trusted, personal relationships<\/a>\u00a0with their doctors in patient-focused care models. Empathy,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/engaging-patients-adding-value-talking\/\">two-way communication<\/a>, and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/electronic-health-record-tale-two-visits\/\">eye-to-eye contact<\/a>\u00a0are crucial, as is the ability of the doctor to see beyond a patient\u2019s\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/chronic-pain-care-falls-short\/\">immediate symptoms or pain<\/a>. This broader look at the needs of the whole patient requires providers to offer services or referral to services such as\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/videos\/power-social-connectedness-peer-support-programs\/\">peer support programs<\/a>, social workers, financial counselors, mental and emotional health providers, transportation and daily living assistance, and in some communities, language and literacy education. While human interaction takes a primary role in patient-centered care, physician practices may also employ a variety of\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/digital-health-technology-access\/\">technology-based tools<\/a>\u00a0to help\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/patient-researchers-physician-consultants-confront-chronic-disease\/\">patients take ownership<\/a>\u00a0of their health care outside of the doctor\u2019s office. Tools range from 24\/7 online portals that let patients schedule appointments, get information about their condition and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/patient-centered-checklists-next-frontier\/\">care instructions<\/a>, review lab results and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/opennotes-knowing-change-health-care\/\">doctor\u2019s notes<\/a>, and pay bills at their convenience, to wearable technology and apps that let patients track their \u201cimportant numbers\u201d such as weight, blood pressure, glucose levels, and cholesterol.<\/li>\n<li><b>Patient-centered care in the hospital.<\/b>\u00a0Strict visiting hours and visitor restrictions are a thing of the past in a patient-centered care model. Patients are given the authority to identify who can visit and when. Family members (as defined by the patient and not limited to blood relations) are invited to visit during rounding and shift changes so they can be part of the care team, participating in discussions and care decisions. When not in the room with the patient, they are kept informed of their loved one\u2019s progress through direct and\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/ease-operating-room-mobile-communication-app\/\">timely updates<\/a>. A patient-centered care hospital\u2019s infrastructure encourages family collaboration through a home-like environment that not only meets the needs of the patient, but also meets the needs of family members. For example, maternity wards are being redesigned with family-friendly postpartum rooms that can accommodate the mom, new baby, and family members, who are encouraged to spend up to 24 hours a day together in the room to foster family bonding.<\/li>\n<li><b>Personalized medicine.<\/b>\u00a0The concept of patient-centered care extends to the\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/adopt-precision-medicine-personalized-health\/\">treatments and therapies<\/a>\u00a0clinicians provide. Not only are care plans customized, but medications are often customized as well. A patient\u2019s individual genetics, metabolism, biomarkers, immune system, and other \u201csignatures\u201d\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/p4-medicine-democratization-health\/\">can now be harnessed<\/a>\u00a0in many disease states \u2014 especially cancer \u2014 to create personalized medications and therapies, as well as companion diagnostics that help clinicians better predict the best drug for each patient.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div id=\"acd3e239\" class=\"anchor-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"d3e239\" class=\"article_sec\"><b>Cultural Shift to Patient-Centered Care<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>As with other forms of\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/what-is-value-based-healthcare\/\">value-based health care<\/a>, patient-centered care requires a\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/problems-patient-engagement-design\/\">shift<\/a>\u00a0in the way provider practices and health systems are designed, managed, and reimbursed. In keeping with the tenets of patient-centeredness, this shift neither happens in a vacuum, it driven by traditional hierarchies in which providers or clinicians are the lone authority. Everyone, from the parking valet and environmental services staff to c-suite members, are engaged in the process, which impacts hiring, training, leadership style, and organizational culture.<\/p>\n<p>Patient-centered care also represents a shift in the traditional roles of patients and their families from one of passive \u201corder taker\u201d to one of active \u201cteam member.\u201d One of the country\u2019s leading proponents of patient-centered care, Dr. James Rickert,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"http:\/\/healthaffairs.org\/blog\/2012\/01\/24\/patient-centered-care-what-it-means-and-how-to-get-there\/\">has stated<\/a>\u00a0that one of the basic tenets of patient-centered care is that \u201cpatients know best how well their health providers are meeting their needs.\u201d To that end, many providers are implementing patient satisfaction surveys,\u00a0<a class=\"references__uri article_new-window-link\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/pfac-quality-memorial-sloan-kettering\/\">patient and family advisory councils<\/a>, and focus groups, and using the resulting information to continuously improve the way health care facilities and provider practices are designed, managed, and maintained from both a physical and operational perspective so they become centered more on the individual person than on a checklist of services provided.<\/p>\n<p>As the popularity of patient- and family-centered health care increases, it is expected that patients will become more engaged and satisfied with the delivery of their care, and evidence of its clinical efficacy should continue to mount.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-284\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li> BRIEF ARTICLE What Is Patient-Centered Care? Explore the definition, benefits, and examples of patient-centered care. How does patient-centered care translate to new delivery models?  ByNEJM Catalyst January 1, 2017 This article appeared in NEJM Catalyst prior to the launch of the NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery journal.. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: New England Journal of Medicine. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/CAT.17.0559\">https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/CAT.17.0559<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":142337,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\" BRIEF ARTICLE What Is Patient-Centered Care? Explore the definition, benefits, and examples of patient-centered care. How does patient-centered care translate to new delivery models?  ByNEJM Catalyst January 1, 2017 This article appeared in NEJM Catalyst prior to the launch of the NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery journal.\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"New England Journal of Medicine\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/CAT.17.0559\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-284","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":99,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/142337"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":286,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/284\/revisions\/286"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/99"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/284\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=284"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=284"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-hvcc-healthpsychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}