{"id":946,"date":"2017-12-14T21:51:48","date_gmt":"2017-12-14T21:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-mcc-introductorychemistry\/chapter\/spontaneous-change\/"},"modified":"2017-12-14T21:51:48","modified_gmt":"2017-12-14T21:51:48","slug":"spontaneous-change","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/chapter\/spontaneous-change\/","title":{"raw":"Spontaneous Change","rendered":"Spontaneous Change"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul><li>Gain an understanding of what is meant by the term <em>spontaneous<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\nGenerally speaking, a <a class=\"glossterm\">spontaneous process<\/a> is one that occurs without the influence of external forces. A common example that is used to portray the difference between a spontaneous and nonspontaneous processes is the dropping of a breakable object like a beaker. The beaker will fall and break unless outside forces are used to stop it. However, the opposite process, a broken beaker being reformed into its original condition and defying gravity to lift into the air, is <a class=\"glossterm\">nonspontaneous<\/a>. The beaker cannot simply reform and lift into the air on its own, it requires a skilled glassworker to fix a broken beaker and someone to lift it in the air.\n\nChemically, when we use the term <a class=\"glossterm\">spontaneous<\/a>, we are referring to any change that moves a system toward equilibrium. The term spontaneous does not imply anything about the speed or rate; this is the domain of kinetics. Spontaneity simply provides information on the<em> direction<\/em> of a reaction.\n\n\u00a0\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n<ul><li>A\u00a0spontaneous reaction or process is one that moves a system toward equilibrium.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\u00a0","rendered":"<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-highlight\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Gain an understanding of what is meant by the term <em>spontaneous<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Generally speaking, a <a class=\"glossterm\">spontaneous process<\/a> is one that occurs without the influence of external forces. A common example that is used to portray the difference between a spontaneous and nonspontaneous processes is the dropping of a breakable object like a beaker. The beaker will fall and break unless outside forces are used to stop it. However, the opposite process, a broken beaker being reformed into its original condition and defying gravity to lift into the air, is <a class=\"glossterm\">nonspontaneous<\/a>. The beaker cannot simply reform and lift into the air on its own, it requires a skilled glassworker to fix a broken beaker and someone to lift it in the air.<\/p>\n<p>Chemically, when we use the term <a class=\"glossterm\">spontaneous<\/a>, we are referring to any change that moves a system toward equilibrium. The term spontaneous does not imply anything about the speed or rate; this is the domain of kinetics. Spontaneity simply provides information on the<em> direction<\/em> of a reaction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"bcc-box bcc-success\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A\u00a0spontaneous reaction or process is one that moves a system toward equilibrium.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-946\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Introductory Chemistry- 1st Canadian Edition . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Jessie A. Key and David W. Ball. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: BCCampus. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/\">https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download this book for free at http:\/\/open.bccampus.ca<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":23485,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Introductory Chemistry- 1st Canadian Edition \",\"author\":\"Jessie A. Key and David W. Ball\",\"organization\":\"BCCampus\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/introductorychemistry\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"Download this book for free at http:\/\/open.bccampus.ca\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["jessie-a-key"],"pb_section_license":"cc-by"},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[59],"license":[50],"class_list":["post-946","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-jessie-a-key","license-cc-by"],"part":944,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/946","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23485"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/946\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/944"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/946\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=946"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=946"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=946"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductory-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}