{"id":2501,"date":"2019-04-22T18:11:34","date_gmt":"2019-04-22T18:11:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductorychemistry\/chapter\/end-of-chapter-material-19\/"},"modified":"2019-04-23T15:55:17","modified_gmt":"2019-04-23T15:55:17","slug":"end-of-chapter-material-19","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introductorychemistry\/chapter\/end-of-chapter-material-19\/","title":{"raw":"End-of-Chapter Material","rendered":"End-of-Chapter Material"},"content":{"raw":"
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Additional Exercises<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. \r\n
    \r\n

    How many electrons does it take to make the mass of one proton?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  2. \r\n
    \r\n

    How many protons does it take to make the mass of a neutron?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  3. \r\n
    \r\n

    Dalton\u2019s initial version of the modern atomic theory says that all atoms of the same element are the same. Is this actually correct? Why or why not?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  4. \r\n
    \r\n

    How are atoms of the same element the same? How are atoms of the same element different?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  5. \r\n
    \r\n

    Give complete atomic symbols for the three known isotopes of hydrogen.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  6. \r\n
    \r\n

    A rare isotope of helium has a single neutron in its nucleus. Write the complete atomic symbol of this isotope.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  7. \r\n
    \r\n

    Use its place on the periodic table to determine if indium, In, atomic number 49, is a metal or a nonmetal.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  8. \r\n
    \r\n

    Only a few atoms of astatine, At, atomic number 85, have been detected. On the basis of its position on the periodic table, would you expect it to be a metal or a nonmetal?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  9. \r\n
    \r\n

    Americium-241 is a crucial part of many smoke detectors. How many neutrons are present in its nucleus?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  10. \r\n
    \r\n

    Potassium-40 is a radioactive isotope of potassium that is present in the human body. How many neutrons are present in its nucleus?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  11. \r\n
    \r\n

    Determine the atomic mass of ruthenium from the given abundance and mass data.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

    \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Ruthenium-96<\/td>\r\n5.54%<\/td>\r\n95.907 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-98<\/td>\r\n1.87%<\/td>\r\n97.905 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-99<\/td>\r\n12.76%<\/td>\r\n98.906 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-100<\/td>\r\n12.60%<\/td>\r\n99.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-101<\/td>\r\n17.06%<\/td>\r\n100.906 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-102<\/td>\r\n31.55%<\/td>\r\n101.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Ruthenium-104<\/td>\r\n18.62%<\/td>\r\n103.905 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t
  12. \r\n
    \r\n

    Determine the atomic mass of tellurium from the given abundance and mass data.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

    \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Tellurium-120<\/td>\r\n0.09%<\/td>\r\n119.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-122<\/td>\r\n2.55%<\/td>\r\n121.903 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-123<\/td>\r\n0.89%<\/td>\r\n122.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-124<\/td>\r\n4.74%<\/td>\r\n123.903 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-125<\/td>\r\n7.07%<\/td>\r\n124.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-126<\/td>\r\n18.84%<\/td>\r\n125.903 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-128<\/td>\r\n31.74%<\/td>\r\n127.904 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Tellurium-130<\/td>\r\n34.08%<\/td>\r\n129.906 u<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t
  13. \r\n
    \r\n

    One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one atom of sodium?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  14. \r\n
    \r\n

    One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one atom of uranium?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  15. \r\n
    \r\n

    One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one molecule of H2<\/sub>O?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  16. \r\n
    \r\n

    One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one molecule of PF5<\/sub>?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  17. \r\n
    \r\n

    From their positions on the periodic table, will Cu and I form a molecular compound or an ionic compound?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  18. \r\n
    \r\n

    From their positions on the periodic table, will N and S form a molecular compound or an ionic compound?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  19. \r\n
    \r\n

    Mercury is an unusual element in that when it takes a 1+\u00a0charge as a cation, it always exists as the diatomic ion.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\na) \u00a0Propose a formula for the mercury(I) ion. \u00a0b)What is the formula of mercury(I) chloride?<\/li>\r\n \t

  20. \r\n
    \r\n

    Propose a formula for hydrogen peroxide, a substance used as a bleaching agent. (Curiously, this compound does not behave as an acid, despite its formula. It behaves more like a classic nonmetal-nonmetal, molecular compound.)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  21. \r\n
    \r\n

    The uranyl cation has the formula UO2<\/sub>2+<\/sup>. Propose formulas and names for the ionic compounds between the uranyl cation and F\u2212<\/sup>, SO4<\/sub>2\u2212<\/sup>, and PO4<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n \t

  22. \r\n
    \r\n

    The permanganate anion has the formula MnO4<\/sub>\u2212<\/sup>. Propose formulas and names for the ionic compounds between the permanganate ion and K+<\/sup>, Ca2+<\/sup>, and Fe3+<\/sup>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

    \r\n

    Answers<\/h3>\r\n1.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nabout 1,800 electrons\r\n\r\n3.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIt is not strictly correct because of the existence of isotopes.\r\n\r\n5.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nH11<\/sub><\/span>, H12<\/sub><\/span>, and H13<\/sub><\/span>\r\n\r\n7.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIt is a metal.\r\n\r\n9.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n146 neutrons\r\n\r\n11.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n101.065 u\r\n\r\n13.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n3.817 \u00d7 10\u221223<\/sup> g\r\n\r\n15.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n2.991 \u00d7 10\u221223<\/sup> g\r\n\r\n17.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nionic\r\n\r\n19.<\/strong>\r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. Hg2<\/sub>2+<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t
    2. Hg2<\/sub>Cl2<\/sub><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n21.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nuranyl fluoride, UO2<\/sub>F2<\/sub>; uranyl sulfate, UO2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>; uranyl phosphate, (UO2<\/sub>)3<\/sub>(PO4<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
      \n
      \n
      \n
      \n

      Additional Exercises<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \n

        How many electrons does it take to make the mass of one proton?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n
        \n

        How many protons does it take to make the mass of a neutron?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n
        \n

        Dalton\u2019s initial version of the modern atomic theory says that all atoms of the same element are the same. Is this actually correct? Why or why not?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n
        \n

        How are atoms of the same element the same? How are atoms of the same element different?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n
        \n

        Give complete atomic symbols for the three known isotopes of hydrogen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      6. \n
        \n

        A rare isotope of helium has a single neutron in its nucleus. Write the complete atomic symbol of this isotope.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      7. \n
        \n

        Use its place on the periodic table to determine if indium, In, atomic number 49, is a metal or a nonmetal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      8. \n
        \n

        Only a few atoms of astatine, At, atomic number 85, have been detected. On the basis of its position on the periodic table, would you expect it to be a metal or a nonmetal?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      9. \n
        \n

        Americium-241 is a crucial part of many smoke detectors. How many neutrons are present in its nucleus?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      10. \n
        \n

        Potassium-40 is a radioactive isotope of potassium that is present in the human body. How many neutrons are present in its nucleus?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      11. \n
        \n

        Determine the atomic mass of ruthenium from the given abundance and mass data.<\/p>\n

        \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Ruthenium-96<\/td>\n5.54%<\/td>\n95.907 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-98<\/td>\n1.87%<\/td>\n97.905 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-99<\/td>\n12.76%<\/td>\n98.906 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-100<\/td>\n12.60%<\/td>\n99.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-101<\/td>\n17.06%<\/td>\n100.906 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-102<\/td>\n31.55%<\/td>\n101.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Ruthenium-104<\/td>\n18.62%<\/td>\n103.905 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      12. \n
        \n

        Determine the atomic mass of tellurium from the given abundance and mass data.<\/p>\n

        \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Tellurium-120<\/td>\n0.09%<\/td>\n119.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-122<\/td>\n2.55%<\/td>\n121.903 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-123<\/td>\n0.89%<\/td>\n122.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-124<\/td>\n4.74%<\/td>\n123.903 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-125<\/td>\n7.07%<\/td>\n124.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-126<\/td>\n18.84%<\/td>\n125.903 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-128<\/td>\n31.74%<\/td>\n127.904 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Tellurium-130<\/td>\n34.08%<\/td>\n129.906 u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      13. \n
        \n

        One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one atom of sodium?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      14. \n
        \n

        One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one atom of uranium?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      15. \n
        \n

        One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one molecule of H2<\/sub>O?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      16. \n
        \n

        One atomic mass unit has a mass of 1.6605 \u00d7 10\u221224<\/sup> g. What is the mass of one molecule of PF5<\/sub>?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      17. \n
        \n

        From their positions on the periodic table, will Cu and I form a molecular compound or an ionic compound?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      18. \n
        \n

        From their positions on the periodic table, will N and S form a molecular compound or an ionic compound?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      19. \n
        \n

        Mercury is an unusual element in that when it takes a 1+\u00a0charge as a cation, it always exists as the diatomic ion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        a) \u00a0Propose a formula for the mercury(I) ion. \u00a0b)What is the formula of mercury(I) chloride?<\/li>\n

      20. \n
        \n

        Propose a formula for hydrogen peroxide, a substance used as a bleaching agent. (Curiously, this compound does not behave as an acid, despite its formula. It behaves more like a classic nonmetal-nonmetal, molecular compound.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      21. \n
        \n

        The uranyl cation has the formula UO2<\/sub>2+<\/sup>. Propose formulas and names for the ionic compounds between the uranyl cation and F\u2212<\/sup>, SO4<\/sub>2\u2212<\/sup>, and PO4<\/sub>3\u2212<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n

      22. \n
        \n

        The permanganate anion has the formula MnO4<\/sub>\u2212<\/sup>. Propose formulas and names for the ionic compounds between the permanganate ion and K+<\/sup>, Ca2+<\/sup>, and Fe3+<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

        \n

        Answers<\/h3>\n

        1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        about 1,800 electrons<\/p>\n

        3.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        It is not strictly correct because of the existence of isotopes.<\/p>\n

        5.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        H11<\/sub><\/span>, H12<\/sub><\/span>, and H13<\/sub><\/span><\/p>\n

        7.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        It is a metal.<\/p>\n

        9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        146 neutrons<\/p>\n

        11.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        101.065 u<\/p>\n

        13.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        3.817 \u00d7 10\u221223<\/sup> g<\/p>\n

        15.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        2.991 \u00d7 10\u221223<\/sup> g<\/p>\n

        17.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        ionic<\/p>\n

        19.<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Hg2<\/sub>2+<\/sup><\/li>\n
        2. Hg2<\/sub>Cl2<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          21.<\/strong><\/p>\n

          uranyl fluoride, UO2<\/sub>F2<\/sub>; uranyl sulfate, UO2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>; uranyl phosphate, (UO2<\/sub>)3<\/sub>(PO4<\/sub>)2<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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          Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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          \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
          CC licensed content, Original<\/div>