{"id":262,"date":"2016-05-19T19:57:29","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T19:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level2-english\/?post_type=chapter&p=262"},"modified":"2016-11-08T00:27:53","modified_gmt":"2016-11-08T00:27:53","slug":"text-pronoun-cases","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introtocollegecomp\/chapter\/text-pronoun-cases\/","title":{"raw":"Pronoun Cases","rendered":"Pronoun Cases"},"content":{"raw":"Pronouns may be classified by three categories: person, number, and case.\r\n

Person<\/h2>\r\n\"IconPerson<\/strong> refers to the relationship that an author has with the text that he or she writes, and with the reader of that text.\u00a0English has three persons (first, second, and third).\r\n

First<\/h3>\r\nFirst-person<\/strong> is the most informal. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about me and people I know.\r\n
    \r\n \t
  • First-person pronouns include I<\/em>, me<\/em>, we<\/em><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

    Second<\/h3>\r\nSecond-person<\/strong>\u00a0is also informal, though slightly more formal than first-person. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about you, the reader.\r\n
      \r\n \t
    • All\u00a0second-person pronouns are variations of\u00a0you<\/em>, which is both singular and plural<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n

      Third<\/h3>\r\nThird-person<\/strong> is the most formal. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about other people.\r\n\r\nIn the third person singular there are distinct pronoun forms for male, female, and neutral\u00a0gender. Here is a short list of the most common pronouns and their gender:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
      Person<\/th>\r\nPronouns<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
      First<\/td>\r\nI, me,\u00a0we, us<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      Second<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      Third<\/td>\r\nMale<\/td>\r\nhe, him<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      Female<\/td>\r\nshe, her<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      Neutral<\/td>\r\nit, they, them<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
      \r\n

      Practice<\/h3>\r\nIn the following sentences, determine the person for each pronoun:\r\n
        \r\n \t
      1. Jada often put other people's needs before her own.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
      2. Amelia and\u00a0Ajani still haven't arrived. I\u00a0should make sure I texted them.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
      3. You will need three things in order to be successful: determination, discipline, and dexterity.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[practice-area rows=\"4\"][\/practice-area]\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"872433\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"872433\"]\r\n
          \r\n \t
        1. The pronoun is\u00a0her<\/strong>. Her<\/em>\u00a0is a feminine third-person pronoun.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        2. There are two pronouns:\u00a0I<\/strong> and\u00a0them<\/strong>.\u00a0I<\/em> is a first-person pronoun.\u00a0Them<\/em>\u00a0is a neutral third-person pronoun.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
        3. The pronoun is\u00a0you<\/strong>.\u00a0You<\/em> is a second-person pronoun<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

          Number<\/h2>\r\n\"IconThere are\u00a0two numbers: singular and plural. The table below separates pronouns according to number. You may notice that the second person is the same for both singular and plural:\u00a0you<\/em>.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
          Person<\/th>\r\nNumber<\/th>\r\nPronouns<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
          First<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nI,\u00a0me<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          Plural<\/td>\r\nwe,\u00a0us<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          Second<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          Plural<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          Third<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nhe,\u00a0him<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          she,\u00a0her<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          it<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
          Plural<\/td>\r\nthey,\u00a0them<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

          Case<\/h2>\r\n\"SuitcaseEnglish personal pronouns have two cases: subject<\/strong> and object<\/strong> (there are also possessive pronouns, which we'll discuss next). Subject-case pronouns<\/strong> are used when the pronoun is doing the action. (I like to eat chips, but she does not). Object-case pronouns<\/strong> are used when something is being done to the pronoun (John likes me but not her). This video will further clarify the difference between subject- and object-case:\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/q5HmV3Czl6g\r\n
          \r\n

          Practice<\/h3>\r\nIn the following sentences, identify the person, case, and number of each pronoun:\r\n
            \r\n \t
          1. You shouldn't be so worried about what other people think. They don't matter.\u00a0The only person\u00a0you need to please is you.<\/li>\r\n \t
          2. Elena knew she should have\u00a0spent more time on\u00a0homework this semester, but binge-watching\u00a0TV had tripped her up again and again.<\/li>\r\n \t
          3. George Washington\u00a0was the first president of the United States. He set the standard of only serving two terms of office. However, it wasn't illegal to do so until 1951.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[practice-area rows=\"4\"][\/practice-area]\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"994197\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"994197\"]\r\n
              \r\n \t
            1. There are three pronouns:\u00a0you, they<\/em>, and\u00a0you.<\/em>\r\n
                \r\n \t
              • You<\/em> is a subject case, singular, second-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n \t
              • They<\/em> is a subject case, plural, neutral third-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n \t
              • You<\/em> is an object case, singular, second-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t
              • There are two pronouns: she<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0her.<\/em>\r\n
                  \r\n \t
                • She<\/em> is a subject case, singular, feminine third-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n \t
                • Her<\/em>\u00a0is an object\u00a0case, singular, feminine third-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t
                • There are two pronouns: he\u00a0<\/em>and it<\/em>.\r\n
                    \r\n \t
                  • He<\/em>\u00a0is a subject case, singular, masculine\u00a0third-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n \t
                  • It<\/em>\u00a0is a subject case, singular, neutral\u00a0third-person pronoun.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

                    Possessive Pronouns<\/h2>\r\n\"IconPossessive pronouns are used to indicate possession (in a broad sense). Some occur as independent phrases: mine<\/em>, yours<\/em>, hers<\/em>, ours<\/em>, yours<\/em>, theirs<\/em>. For example, \"Those clothes are mine<\/strong>.\"\u00a0Others must be accompanied by a noun: my<\/em>, your<\/em>, her<\/em>, our<\/em>, your<\/em>, their<\/em>, as in \"I lost my<\/strong> wallet.\" This category of pronouns behaves similarly to adjectives.\u00a0His<\/em> and its<\/em> can fall into either category, although its<\/em> is nearly always found in the second.\r\n\r\nBoth types replace possessive noun phrases. As an example, \"Their crusade to capture our attention\" could replace \"The advertisers' crusade to capture our attention.\"\r\n\r\nThis video provides another explanation of possessive pronouns:\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/bhzh8VDykc4\r\n
                    \r\n

                    Practice<\/h3>\r\nIn each sentence, select the correct possessive pronoun. Identify why you selected the pronoun you did:\r\n
                      \r\n \t
                    1. Andr\u00e9\u00a0told me that was (my\/ mine) box of cereal, but I couldn't remember having bought it.<\/li>\r\n \t
                    2. Elo\u00e1 said that it was (her\/ hers).<\/li>\r\n \t
                    3. Jake and Suren refused to give (their\u00a0\/\u00a0theirs) opinions on the subject.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[practice-area rows=\"4\"][\/practice-area]\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"436221\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"436221\"]\r\n
                        \r\n \t
                      1. Andr\u00e9\u00a0told me that was my<\/strong>\u00a0box of cereal, but I couldn't remember having bought it. The pronoun is followed by the noun\u00a0box of cereal<\/em>, so it should be the adjective form.<\/li>\r\n \t
                      2. Elo\u00e1 said that it was hers<\/strong>. The pronoun stands on its own, so it should be the independent form.<\/li>\r\n \t
                      3. Jake and Suren refused to give their<\/strong> opinions on the subject.\u00a0The pronoun is followed by the noun opinions<\/em>, so it should be the adjective form.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

                        Review<\/h2>\r\nThe table below includes all of the personal pronouns in the English language. They are organized by person, number, and case.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
                        Person<\/th>\r\nNumber<\/th>\r\nSubject<\/th>\r\nObject<\/th>\r\nPossessive<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
                        First<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nI<\/td>\r\nme<\/td>\r\nmy<\/td>\r\nmine<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        Plural<\/td>\r\nwe<\/td>\r\nus<\/td>\r\nour<\/td>\r\nours<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        Second<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\nyour<\/td>\r\nyours<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        Plural<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\nyou<\/td>\r\nyour<\/td>\r\nyours<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        Third<\/th>\r\nSingular<\/td>\r\nhe<\/td>\r\nhim<\/td>\r\nhis<\/td>\r\nhis<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        she<\/td>\r\nher<\/td>\r\nher<\/td>\r\nhers<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        it<\/td>\r\nit<\/td>\r\nits<\/td>\r\nits<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
                        Plural<\/td>\r\nthey<\/td>\r\nthem<\/td>\r\ntheir<\/td>\r\ntheirs<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n ","rendered":"

                        Pronouns may be classified by three categories: person, number, and case.<\/p>\n

                        Person<\/h2>\n

                        \"IconPerson<\/strong> refers to the relationship that an author has with the text that he or she writes, and with the reader of that text.\u00a0English has three persons (first, second, and third).<\/p>\n

                        First<\/h3>\n

                        First-person<\/strong> is the most informal. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about me and people I know.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • First-person pronouns include I<\/em>, me<\/em>, we<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Second<\/h3>\n

                          Second-person<\/strong>\u00a0is also informal, though slightly more formal than first-person. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about you, the reader.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • All\u00a0second-person pronouns are variations of\u00a0you<\/em>, which is both singular and plural<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Third<\/h3>\n

                            Third-person<\/strong> is the most formal. \u00a0The author is saying, this is about other people.<\/p>\n

                            In the third person singular there are distinct pronoun forms for male, female, and neutral\u00a0gender. Here is a short list of the most common pronouns and their gender:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                            Person<\/th>\nPronouns<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                            First<\/td>\nI, me,\u00a0we, us<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            Second<\/td>\nyou<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            Third<\/td>\nMale<\/td>\nhe, him<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            Female<\/td>\nshe, her<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            Neutral<\/td>\nit, they, them<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                            \n

                            Practice<\/h3>\n

                            In the following sentences, determine the person for each pronoun:<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Jada often put other people’s needs before her own.<\/span><\/li>\n
                            2. Amelia and\u00a0Ajani still haven’t arrived. I\u00a0should make sure I texted them.<\/span><\/li>\n
                            3. You will need three things in order to be successful: determination, discipline, and dexterity.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n