{"id":265,"date":"2016-05-19T19:57:33","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T19:57:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level2-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=265"},"modified":"2016-10-14T18:19:05","modified_gmt":"2016-10-14T18:19:05","slug":"try-it-nouns-and-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-introtocollegecomp\/chapter\/try-it-nouns-and-pronouns\/","title":{"raw":"Try It: Nouns and Pronouns","rendered":"Try It: Nouns and Pronouns"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Nouns<\/h2>\r\nIdentify errors in the following as you read the passage:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>pluralization<\/li>\r\n \t<li>count vs.\u00a0non-count nouns<\/li>\r\n \t<li>common vs. proper nouns<\/li>\r\n \t<li>compound nouns<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nExplain why each error is incorrect, and explain how to correct the error. The sentences have been numbered to help you organize your\u00a0comments.\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1)\u00a0Marie Curie, who conducted pioneering research on radio-activity, was the first woman to win a nobel prize, the first person to win twice, and the only person to win twice in multiple sciencees (she won in physics and chemistries). (2)\u00a0She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(3)\u00a0Curie was born in Warsaw, and she began her practical scientific training\u00a0there. (4)\u00a0She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Floating University\u2014a Polish patriotic institution of higher learning that admitted womans. (5)\u00a0In 1891, aged 24, she began her\u00a0studys in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific researches.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(6)\u00a0In 1910\u2014four years after the death of her husband\u2014Curie succeeded in isolating radium; she also defined an international standard for radioactive emissions that was eventually named for her and Pierre: the curie. (7)\u00a0Her achievementes included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined), the creation\u00a0of techniques to\u00a0isolate radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements: a\u00a0polonium and a\u00a0radium.<\/p>\r\n[practice-area rows=\"4\"][\/practice-area]\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"496962\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"496962\"]The list below identifies all of the errors in noun treatment. Any incorrect words have been enclosed in quotation marks.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>The compound\u00a0noun \"radio-activity\" should not have a hyphen; it is a closed compound: <em>radioactivity<\/em>. It\u00a0has been treated correctly as a non-count noun, however. <em>Nobel Prize<\/em> should be capitalized because\u00a0it is a proper noun. \"Sciencees\" has been pluralized incorrectly; the correct spelling is\u00a0<em>sciences<\/em> since the word\u00a0<em>science<\/em> takes regular pluralization. \"Chemistries\" is a non-count noun, so it\u00a0does not have a plural form; the correct word is\u00a0<em>chemistry.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>There are no errors in this sentence.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>There are no errors in this sentence.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\"Womans\" has been pluralized incorrectly. The correct spelling is\u00a0<em>women<\/em>\u00a0since this word is a mutant plural.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\"Studys\" has been pluralized incorrectly. Since the word\u00a0<em>study<\/em> ends with a\u00a0<em>y<\/em> (and there is no vowel before the\u00a0<em>y<\/em>), the correct plural should end in -<em>ies<\/em>:\u00a0<em>studies<\/em>. \"Researches\" is a non-count noun, so it does not have a plural form; the correct word is <em>research<\/em>. (The word\u00a0<em>researches<\/em> is a real word, but it is a verb, as in \"She researches elements.\")<\/li>\r\n \t<li>There are no errors in this sentence. You may want to capitalize the word\u00a0<em>curie<\/em> in this sentence, since it is named after a person. However, this is not a literal use of the name. As a unit, the word has become a common noun instead of a proper noun.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\"Achievementes\" has been pluralized incorrectly; the correct spelling is <em>achievements\u00a0<\/em>since the word\u00a0<em>achievement\u00a0<\/em>takes regular pluralization. The non-count noun <em>radioactivity <\/em>has been treated correctly; however, the non-count nouns\u00a0<em>polonium<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>radium<\/em> have not. They should not have articles before them; thus, \"the discovery of two new elements: polonium and radium\" is correct.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n<h2>Pronouns<\/h2>\r\nRead the following passage. Identify any errors in pronoun usage, including agreement and clarity. The sentences in the passage have been numbered to help you organize your comments.\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1) Louis Charles Joseph Bl\u00e9riot (1872\u20131936) was a French aviator, inventor, and engineer. (2) In 1909, he became world famous for making the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier than air aircraft, winning the prize of \u00a31,000 offered by the <em>Daily Mail<\/em> newspaper. (3) When the\u00a0prize was announced by the paper, it was widely seen as nothing more than a way to gain cheap publicity\u2014no one at the time thought that the feat could actually be accomplished. (4) The Paris newspaper <em>Le Matin<\/em> commented that there was no chance of the prize being won. (5) Bl\u00e9riot would prove them wrong.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(6) At 4:15 am on July 25, 1909, watched by an excited crowd, Bl\u00e9riot made a short trial flight in his's Type XI. (7) On\u00a0a signal that the sun had risen, he\u00a0took off at 4:41 for the attempted crossing. (8) Flying at approximately 45 mph and at an altitude of about 250 ft, he set off across the Channel. (9)\u00a0Not having a compass, Bl\u00e9riot took his course from his escort ship, the<em> Escopette<\/em>, that\u00a0was heading for Dover, but himself\u00a0soon overtook the ship. (10) The visibility had deteriorated and he later said, \u201cfor more than 10 minutes I was alone, isolated, lost in the midst of the immense sea, and I did not see anything on the horizon or a single ship.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(11) After he\u00a0landed on a\u00a0patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, he was escorted back to the harbor by a<em>\u00a0Daily Mail<\/em> correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife. (12) The couple, surrounded by cheering people and photographers, was then taken to the Lord Warden Hotel at the foot of the Admiralty Pier:\u00a0Bl\u00e9riot had become a celebrity.<\/p>\r\n[practice-area rows=\"4\"][\/practice-area]\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"526335\"]Show Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"526335\"]\r\n\r\nIn sentence 5 the pronoun<em>\u00a0them<\/em>\u00a0has a vague antecedent. Does it refer back to\u00a0the writers at\u00a0<em>Le Matin<\/em>? Or does it\u00a0refer back to the pronoun <em>no body<\/em> (in which case it should be singular). The best solution it to remove the pronoun entirely: \"Bl\u00e9riot would prove <strong>everyone<\/strong>\u00a0wrong.\"\r\n\r\nIn sentence 6, the apostrophe on \"his's\" is incorrect. The\u00a0pronoun <em>his<\/em>\u00a0is\u00a0inherently possessive\u2014you don't need to add\u00a0anything. The sentence should say \". . .\u00a0a short trial flight in\u00a0<strong>his <\/strong>type XI.\"\r\n\r\nThere are four\u00a0pronouns used in sentence 9: <em>his<\/em>,\u00a0<em>his<\/em>,\u00a0<em>that<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>himself<\/em>. Both instances of <em>his<\/em> are correct. The\u00a0relative pronoun, <em>that<\/em>, is set off by commas:\u00a0this means we\u00a0should use\u00a0<em>which<\/em> not\u00a0<em>that<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Himself<\/em> is also used incorrectly.\u00a0This is the start of a new idea, so the subject case should be used here.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Not having a compass, Bl\u00e9riot took his course from his escort ship, the Escopette, <strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0was heading for Dover, but <strong>he <\/strong>soon overtook the ship.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSentence 11 is the beginning of a new paragraph. Bl\u00e9riot's name has not been mentioned in this paragraph yet, and it isn't mentioned until the end of the last sentence. While it's assumed that we're still talking about\u00a0Bl\u00e9riot, it might be good to say his name again.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>After <strong>Bl\u00e9riot<\/strong> landed on a patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, he was escorted back to the harbor by a Daily Mail correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>After he\u00a0landed on a patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, <strong>Bl\u00e9riot<\/strong> was escorted back to the harbor by a Daily Mail correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]","rendered":"<h2>Nouns<\/h2>\n<p>Identify errors in the following as you read the passage:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pluralization<\/li>\n<li>count vs.\u00a0non-count nouns<\/li>\n<li>common vs. proper nouns<\/li>\n<li>compound nouns<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Explain why each error is incorrect, and explain how to correct the error. The sentences have been numbered to help you organize your\u00a0comments.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1)\u00a0Marie Curie, who conducted pioneering research on radio-activity, was the first woman to win a nobel prize, the first person to win twice, and the only person to win twice in multiple sciencees (she won in physics and chemistries). (2)\u00a0She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(3)\u00a0Curie was born in Warsaw, and she began her practical scientific training\u00a0there. (4)\u00a0She studied at Warsaw&#8217;s clandestine Floating University\u2014a Polish patriotic institution of higher learning that admitted womans. (5)\u00a0In 1891, aged 24, she began her\u00a0studys in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific researches.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(6)\u00a0In 1910\u2014four years after the death of her husband\u2014Curie succeeded in isolating radium; she also defined an international standard for radioactive emissions that was eventually named for her and Pierre: the curie. (7)\u00a0Her achievementes included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined), the creation\u00a0of techniques to\u00a0isolate radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements: a\u00a0polonium and a\u00a0radium.<\/p>\n<p><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea><\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q496962\">Show Answer<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q496962\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">The list below identifies all of the errors in noun treatment. Any incorrect words have been enclosed in quotation marks.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The compound\u00a0noun &#8220;radio-activity&#8221; should not have a hyphen; it is a closed compound: <em>radioactivity<\/em>. It\u00a0has been treated correctly as a non-count noun, however. <em>Nobel Prize<\/em> should be capitalized because\u00a0it is a proper noun. &#8220;Sciencees&#8221; has been pluralized incorrectly; the correct spelling is\u00a0<em>sciences<\/em> since the word\u00a0<em>science<\/em> takes regular pluralization. &#8220;Chemistries&#8221; is a non-count noun, so it\u00a0does not have a plural form; the correct word is\u00a0<em>chemistry.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>There are no errors in this sentence.<\/li>\n<li>There are no errors in this sentence.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Womans&#8221; has been pluralized incorrectly. The correct spelling is\u00a0<em>women<\/em>\u00a0since this word is a mutant plural.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Studys&#8221; has been pluralized incorrectly. Since the word\u00a0<em>study<\/em> ends with a\u00a0<em>y<\/em> (and there is no vowel before the\u00a0<em>y<\/em>), the correct plural should end in &#8211;<em>ies<\/em>:\u00a0<em>studies<\/em>. &#8220;Researches&#8221; is a non-count noun, so it does not have a plural form; the correct word is <em>research<\/em>. (The word\u00a0<em>researches<\/em> is a real word, but it is a verb, as in &#8220;She researches elements.&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li>There are no errors in this sentence. You may want to capitalize the word\u00a0<em>curie<\/em> in this sentence, since it is named after a person. However, this is not a literal use of the name. As a unit, the word has become a common noun instead of a proper noun.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Achievementes&#8221; has been pluralized incorrectly; the correct spelling is <em>achievements\u00a0<\/em>since the word\u00a0<em>achievement\u00a0<\/em>takes regular pluralization. The non-count noun <em>radioactivity <\/em>has been treated correctly; however, the non-count nouns\u00a0<em>polonium<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>radium<\/em> have not. They should not have articles before them; thus, &#8220;the discovery of two new elements: polonium and radium&#8221; is correct.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Pronouns<\/h2>\n<p>Read the following passage. Identify any errors in pronoun usage, including agreement and clarity. The sentences in the passage have been numbered to help you organize your comments.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1) Louis Charles Joseph Bl\u00e9riot (1872\u20131936) was a French aviator, inventor, and engineer. (2) In 1909, he became world famous for making the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier than air aircraft, winning the prize of \u00a31,000 offered by the <em>Daily Mail<\/em> newspaper. (3) When the\u00a0prize was announced by the paper, it was widely seen as nothing more than a way to gain cheap publicity\u2014no one at the time thought that the feat could actually be accomplished. (4) The Paris newspaper <em>Le Matin<\/em> commented that there was no chance of the prize being won. (5) Bl\u00e9riot would prove them wrong.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(6) At 4:15 am on July 25, 1909, watched by an excited crowd, Bl\u00e9riot made a short trial flight in his&#8217;s Type XI. (7) On\u00a0a signal that the sun had risen, he\u00a0took off at 4:41 for the attempted crossing. (8) Flying at approximately 45 mph and at an altitude of about 250 ft, he set off across the Channel. (9)\u00a0Not having a compass, Bl\u00e9riot took his course from his escort ship, the<em> Escopette<\/em>, that\u00a0was heading for Dover, but himself\u00a0soon overtook the ship. (10) The visibility had deteriorated and he later said, \u201cfor more than 10 minutes I was alone, isolated, lost in the midst of the immense sea, and I did not see anything on the horizon or a single ship.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(11) After he\u00a0landed on a\u00a0patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, he was escorted back to the harbor by a<em>\u00a0Daily Mail<\/em> correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife. (12) The couple, surrounded by cheering people and photographers, was then taken to the Lord Warden Hotel at the foot of the Admiralty Pier:\u00a0Bl\u00e9riot had become a celebrity.<\/p>\n<p><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"4\"><\/textarea><\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q526335\">Show Answer<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q526335\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<p>In sentence 5 the pronoun<em>\u00a0them<\/em>\u00a0has a vague antecedent. Does it refer back to\u00a0the writers at\u00a0<em>Le Matin<\/em>? Or does it\u00a0refer back to the pronoun <em>no body<\/em> (in which case it should be singular). The best solution it to remove the pronoun entirely: &#8220;Bl\u00e9riot would prove <strong>everyone<\/strong>\u00a0wrong.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In sentence 6, the apostrophe on &#8220;his&#8217;s&#8221; is incorrect. The\u00a0pronoun <em>his<\/em>\u00a0is\u00a0inherently possessive\u2014you don&#8217;t need to add\u00a0anything. The sentence should say &#8220;. . .\u00a0a short trial flight in\u00a0<strong>his <\/strong>type XI.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>There are four\u00a0pronouns used in sentence 9: <em>his<\/em>,\u00a0<em>his<\/em>,\u00a0<em>that<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>himself<\/em>. Both instances of <em>his<\/em> are correct. The\u00a0relative pronoun, <em>that<\/em>, is set off by commas:\u00a0this means we\u00a0should use\u00a0<em>which<\/em> not\u00a0<em>that<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Himself<\/em> is also used incorrectly.\u00a0This is the start of a new idea, so the subject case should be used here.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Not having a compass, Bl\u00e9riot took his course from his escort ship, the Escopette, <strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0was heading for Dover, but <strong>he <\/strong>soon overtook the ship.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sentence 11 is the beginning of a new paragraph. Bl\u00e9riot&#8217;s name has not been mentioned in this paragraph yet, and it isn&#8217;t mentioned until the end of the last sentence. While it&#8217;s assumed that we&#8217;re still talking about\u00a0Bl\u00e9riot, it might be good to say his name again.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>After <strong>Bl\u00e9riot<\/strong> landed on a patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, he was escorted back to the harbor by a Daily Mail correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife.<\/li>\n<li>After he\u00a0landed on a patch of gently sloping land called Northfall Meadow, close to Dover Castle, <strong>Bl\u00e9riot<\/strong> was escorted back to the harbor by a Daily Mail correspondent, where he was reunited with his wife.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-265\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Try It: Nouns and Pronouns. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Modification of Marie Curie (errors added). <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikipedia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_Curie\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_Curie<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Modification of Louis Bleriot (errors added). <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikipedia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Bl%C3%A9riot\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Bl%C3%A9riot<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Try It: Nouns and Pronouns\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Modification of Marie Curie (errors added)\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Wikipedia\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_Curie\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Modification of Louis Bleriot (errors 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