You now learned about some of the many different forms an argument can take. It doesn’t have to be presented in a traditional essay with a thesis and topic sentences for your paragraphs. Arguments can come in many forms, even stories.
In the following video that you’d click on once linked to the OWL Excelsior “Analyze This” page, watch as a student analyzes a narrative argument, pointing to the key elements of narrative and demonstrating how a story can make for a very persuasive argument.
To read the full essay reviewed in the video, click here.
With Analysis, Focus Upon Functions or Effects
At the college level, putting in the right-sounding quotes in the right-looking spots of a body paragraph is insufficient. Writers are expected to use the quotes as excuses to argue their points. Close reading is a crucial skill which helps the writer make sense of how something makes sense. Literature courses largely aim to enhance or bring about readers’ abilities to handle complex, indirect texts that demand multiple responses.
Close reading is an analytical activity where the writer picks parts of larger whole and discusses how they function. This can be done while annotating or deciding what to say about an annotated chunk of text. Because your audience often knows the text and has ideas about how it works, it is up to you to do more than simply point out the existence of an important line, phrase, or word. Within the line, the critic must move from pointing out an idea to arguing how it functions. What effect is created by that phrase? How does this word affect readers? These questions get proved after careful setup and cited quotation work.
Once you have dissected a speech, description, or dialogue, remember that you have committed a fairly aggressive, destructive act. You yanked a part from the whole. Remember to use the late portions of paragraphs to put the pieces back together. (“Pick up your toys when you are done with them!”)
What You Might Look For
Focus on an author’s use of complexity by discussing the effects of any of the following:
word choice (diction) word order (syntax)
connotation denotation
irony (dramatic, situational, verbal) symbolism
mood tone
paradox (seeming contradiction) how words fit/bring about character
rhetorical appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) logical patterns (valid or not)
Rhetorical modes (description, narration, definition, process, illustration, comparison/contrast, classification/division, cause/effect, argument)Basically, looking for moves of any sort is a good starting point with analysis