{"id":41,"date":"2018-07-13T19:26:41","date_gmt":"2018-07-13T19:26:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-jefferson-collegesuccess\/chapter\/personal-finance\/"},"modified":"2018-07-13T19:26:41","modified_gmt":"2018-07-13T19:26:41","slug":"personal-finance","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-jefferson-collegesuccess\/chapter\/personal-finance\/","title":{"raw":"Personal Finance","rendered":"Personal Finance"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/04\/20220829\/2251854135_8156599809_b.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1074\"><img class=\"wp-image-1074 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3436\/2018\/07\/13192639\/2251854135_8156599809_b-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A young man walks by a shop window. A sign at the top, which has a phone number and reads, &quot;More Finance,&quot; apparently catches his eye.\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\"><\/a>\n<blockquote><p>The cost of college should never discourage anyone from going after a valuable degree. \u2013Arne Duncan, former United States Secretary of Education<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<p>By the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of major and minor expenses in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of income in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set financial goals and priorities for yourself<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>College students often have money concerns, such as affording college while still paying other bills. These concerns can affect&nbsp;their academic success. For instance, money problems are stressful and can prevent students from concentrating on their studies. Or, if students have a lot of personal expenses, they may&nbsp;try to work more hours to cover costs of living, leaving them with less time to study. Worse yet, some money problems, such as extreme debt, may cause students to drop out of college entirely.<\/p>\n<p>Analyzing one's&nbsp;financial responsibilities and planning ways&nbsp;to pay for expenses can help reduce stress. In this section, we identify common personal expenses, sources of income, and explore steps for creating financial goals.<\/p>\n<h2>Expenses<\/h2>\n<p>College students are diverse and may&nbsp;be in different stages of their lives. For example, some students may&nbsp;have just graduated from high school, while other may&nbsp;be older and have&nbsp;families. While these differences&nbsp;will have an impact on financial responsibilities, there are certain financial obligations most college students have to pay for. Some are more expensive, like tuition, while others are less pricey but still important, like books and food. The following list describes basic expenses associated with college:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Tuition<\/strong>: This includes the price for attending an institution. Students pay relatively more or less for this based on where they\u2019re going to school and how many credits they\u2019re taking.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Room and board<\/strong>: These are essentially \"food and shelter\" costs. Many college students live in a dorm and eat their meals on campus. Students who live off campus will have to pay for comparable&nbsp;things, like renting an apartment and buying their own groceries.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Books and supplies<\/strong>: These include&nbsp;books for classes and supplies like notebooks, writing utensils, and calculators. Textbooks&nbsp;are often very expensive, so many students try to find&nbsp;used textbooks for sale.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Personal needs<\/strong>: Regardless of where students live, they typically need money for things like laundry, cell phones, computers, and going out with friends. This expense can vary a lot depending on personal preferences. For instance, some students&nbsp;may prefer to make their own meals while others may prioritize eating out.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Transportation<\/strong>: Students who commute by car or need to drive to off-campus activities will need to consider the price of car insurance, maintenance, and gas. Students who attend college in more urban areas may&nbsp;also have public-transportation expenses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What types of expenses do you think you might face as a college student? The following video will help you review the types of college expenses and examine particular&nbsp;costs that are common for both four-year and two-year institutions.<\/p>\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/lbp2LoE1WdU\n<h2>Sources of Income<\/h2>\n<p>Paying for college is a big challenge, but the following financial&nbsp;resources can help:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Jobs<\/strong>: Full-time students may&nbsp;find part-time work on or off campus, while part-time students may&nbsp;work during the day and then take evening classes. Students can also talk to their guidance counselor and financial resource department about work-study opportunities, which allow students to receive money for completing work related to their studies.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)<\/strong>: This free application, available <a href=\"https:\/\/fafsa.ed.gov\/\">here<\/a>,&nbsp;requires&nbsp;students to answer questions regarding their background and personal finances in order to find out how much financial assistance they might qualify for. The&nbsp;financial assistance comes in the form of government loans, grants, work study, or scholarships. Financial aid will be discussed in greater detail later in this module.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Loans<\/strong>: Students can apply for federal loans or personal loans through banks. Loans accrue interest and eventually need to be paid back.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Grants and scholarships<\/strong>: Students can apply for grants and scholarships through their institutions, local businesses, or online organizations. Scholarships may&nbsp;be awarded on the basis of&nbsp;merit (grades, achievements, volunteer work, etc.), financial need&nbsp;(economic status), or some other set of criteria&nbsp;(achievements and ethnic background, for instance). Unlike loans, grants and scholarships don\u2019t need to be paid back.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Setting Financial Goals<\/h2>\n<p>Setting financial goals for yourself is one of the best ways to track and manage your expenses. The following strategies can help:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Create SMART goals<\/strong>: <em>SMART<\/em> stands for <em>specific, measurable, attainable, realistic<\/em>, and <em>timely<\/em>. These kinds&nbsp;of goals are more manageable&nbsp;and can&nbsp;help you reach your final&nbsp;target more easily. For example, instead of setting a&nbsp;broad, vague goal of \"paying for college,\" you might set a goal of paying off your two college loans five years after you graduate. This more specific, measurable goal can&nbsp;help you keep track of your progress and whether you need to make changes to reach it.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Monitor your spending<\/strong>: Try keeping track of what you spend money on during a one-month period.&nbsp;This can&nbsp;help you see where your money goes and where you may be able to save.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Create a budget<\/strong>: Based on what you discovered after monitoring your spending, create a monthly budget you can stick to. While some expenses, such as food and transportation,&nbsp;are necessary, you may&nbsp;find that you can save money&nbsp;on both by riding a&nbsp;bike (instead of driving) to school and eating out in restaurants less.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Consider working<\/strong>: Some students have full-time jobs while attending&nbsp;college, whereas others may not have a lot of time to work if they're taking a full academic load. Depending on your circumstances, it's worth looking into employment opportunities both on and off campus. Even if you feel like only a couple hours of work per week are possible, it&nbsp;could help you pay for something like books so you have one less thing to worry about when&nbsp;you graduate.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Choose loans wisely<\/strong>: Many college students need some sort of financial support through loans. While loans are a good way to pay for tuition up front if&nbsp;you don't have&nbsp;the money, remember that&nbsp;they&nbsp;accrue interest until you pay them off. That means that you will end up paying back more\u2014in some cases, thousands of dollars more\u2014than you initially borrowed. Make sure you investigate and apply for as many scholarships and grants as you can (since they won't need to be repaid), and shop around for the loans with the lowest interest rates and best repayment plans. Check with the financial aid office on your college campus\u2014they can provide additional help.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These are only some steps you can take for creating college financial goals, but it\u2019s important to find the right ones for you.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Activity:&nbsp;Financial Wellness<\/h3>\n<h4>Objectives<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of major and minor expenses in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of income in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set financial goals and priorities for yourself<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Directions:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify two larger college expenses and two smaller college expenses that you are responsible for. For example, tuition might be a large college expense while notebooks and folders might be smaller ones.<\/li>\n<li>Describe any sources of income you currently have to cover these expenses.<\/li>\n<li>Explain three financial goals you have for covering your college expenses. For example, you might want to consider work study or taking out another loan.<\/li>\n<li>Follow your instructor\u2019s guidelines for submitting assignments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\nhttps:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/875\n\n","rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1110\/2016\/04\/20220829\/2251854135_8156599809_b.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1074\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1074 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3436\/2018\/07\/13192639\/2251854135_8156599809_b-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A young man walks by a shop window. A sign at the top, which has a phone number and reads, &quot;More Finance,&quot; apparently catches his eye.\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" \/><\/a>\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>The cost of college should never discourage anyone from going after a valuable degree. \u2013Arne Duncan, former United States Secretary of Education<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<p>By the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of major and minor expenses in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of income in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set financial goals and priorities for yourself<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>College students often have money concerns, such as affording college while still paying other bills. These concerns can affect&nbsp;their academic success. For instance, money problems are stressful and can prevent students from concentrating on their studies. Or, if students have a lot of personal expenses, they may&nbsp;try to work more hours to cover costs of living, leaving them with less time to study. Worse yet, some money problems, such as extreme debt, may cause students to drop out of college entirely.<\/p>\n<p>Analyzing one&#8217;s&nbsp;financial responsibilities and planning ways&nbsp;to pay for expenses can help reduce stress. In this section, we identify common personal expenses, sources of income, and explore steps for creating financial goals.<\/p>\n<h2>Expenses<\/h2>\n<p>College students are diverse and may&nbsp;be in different stages of their lives. For example, some students may&nbsp;have just graduated from high school, while other may&nbsp;be older and have&nbsp;families. While these differences&nbsp;will have an impact on financial responsibilities, there are certain financial obligations most college students have to pay for. Some are more expensive, like tuition, while others are less pricey but still important, like books and food. The following list describes basic expenses associated with college:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Tuition<\/strong>: This includes the price for attending an institution. Students pay relatively more or less for this based on where they\u2019re going to school and how many credits they\u2019re taking.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Room and board<\/strong>: These are essentially &#8220;food and shelter&#8221; costs. Many college students live in a dorm and eat their meals on campus. Students who live off campus will have to pay for comparable&nbsp;things, like renting an apartment and buying their own groceries.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Books and supplies<\/strong>: These include&nbsp;books for classes and supplies like notebooks, writing utensils, and calculators. Textbooks&nbsp;are often very expensive, so many students try to find&nbsp;used textbooks for sale.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Personal needs<\/strong>: Regardless of where students live, they typically need money for things like laundry, cell phones, computers, and going out with friends. This expense can vary a lot depending on personal preferences. For instance, some students&nbsp;may prefer to make their own meals while others may prioritize eating out.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Transportation<\/strong>: Students who commute by car or need to drive to off-campus activities will need to consider the price of car insurance, maintenance, and gas. Students who attend college in more urban areas may&nbsp;also have public-transportation expenses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What types of expenses do you think you might face as a college student? The following video will help you review the types of college expenses and examine particular&nbsp;costs that are common for both four-year and two-year institutions.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"What is the Price of College?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lbp2LoE1WdU?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Sources of Income<\/h2>\n<p>Paying for college is a big challenge, but the following financial&nbsp;resources can help:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Jobs<\/strong>: Full-time students may&nbsp;find part-time work on or off campus, while part-time students may&nbsp;work during the day and then take evening classes. Students can also talk to their guidance counselor and financial resource department about work-study opportunities, which allow students to receive money for completing work related to their studies.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)<\/strong>: This free application, available <a href=\"https:\/\/fafsa.ed.gov\/\">here<\/a>,&nbsp;requires&nbsp;students to answer questions regarding their background and personal finances in order to find out how much financial assistance they might qualify for. The&nbsp;financial assistance comes in the form of government loans, grants, work study, or scholarships. Financial aid will be discussed in greater detail later in this module.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Loans<\/strong>: Students can apply for federal loans or personal loans through banks. Loans accrue interest and eventually need to be paid back.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Grants and scholarships<\/strong>: Students can apply for grants and scholarships through their institutions, local businesses, or online organizations. Scholarships may&nbsp;be awarded on the basis of&nbsp;merit (grades, achievements, volunteer work, etc.), financial need&nbsp;(economic status), or some other set of criteria&nbsp;(achievements and ethnic background, for instance). Unlike loans, grants and scholarships don\u2019t need to be paid back.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Setting Financial Goals<\/h2>\n<p>Setting financial goals for yourself is one of the best ways to track and manage your expenses. The following strategies can help:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Create SMART goals<\/strong>: <em>SMART<\/em> stands for <em>specific, measurable, attainable, realistic<\/em>, and <em>timely<\/em>. These kinds&nbsp;of goals are more manageable&nbsp;and can&nbsp;help you reach your final&nbsp;target more easily. For example, instead of setting a&nbsp;broad, vague goal of &#8220;paying for college,&#8221; you might set a goal of paying off your two college loans five years after you graduate. This more specific, measurable goal can&nbsp;help you keep track of your progress and whether you need to make changes to reach it.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Monitor your spending<\/strong>: Try keeping track of what you spend money on during a one-month period.&nbsp;This can&nbsp;help you see where your money goes and where you may be able to save.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Create a budget<\/strong>: Based on what you discovered after monitoring your spending, create a monthly budget you can stick to. While some expenses, such as food and transportation,&nbsp;are necessary, you may&nbsp;find that you can save money&nbsp;on both by riding a&nbsp;bike (instead of driving) to school and eating out in restaurants less.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Consider working<\/strong>: Some students have full-time jobs while attending&nbsp;college, whereas others may not have a lot of time to work if they&#8217;re taking a full academic load. Depending on your circumstances, it&#8217;s worth looking into employment opportunities both on and off campus. Even if you feel like only a couple hours of work per week are possible, it&nbsp;could help you pay for something like books so you have one less thing to worry about when&nbsp;you graduate.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Choose loans wisely<\/strong>: Many college students need some sort of financial support through loans. While loans are a good way to pay for tuition up front if&nbsp;you don&#8217;t have&nbsp;the money, remember that&nbsp;they&nbsp;accrue interest until you pay them off. That means that you will end up paying back more\u2014in some cases, thousands of dollars more\u2014than you initially borrowed. Make sure you investigate and apply for as many scholarships and grants as you can (since they won&#8217;t need to be repaid), and shop around for the loans with the lowest interest rates and best repayment plans. Check with the financial aid office on your college campus\u2014they can provide additional help.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These are only some steps you can take for creating college financial goals, but it\u2019s important to find the right ones for you.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Activity:&nbsp;Financial Wellness<\/h3>\n<h4>Objectives<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of major and minor expenses in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify sources of income in your life<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set financial goals and priorities for yourself<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Directions:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify two larger college expenses and two smaller college expenses that you are responsible for. For example, tuition might be a large college expense while notebooks and folders might be smaller ones.<\/li>\n<li>Describe any sources of income you currently have to cover these expenses.<\/li>\n<li>Explain three financial goals you have for covering your college expenses. For example, you might want to consider work study or taking out another loan.<\/li>\n<li>Follow your instructor\u2019s guidelines for submitting assignments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"lumen_assessment_875\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assessments.lumenlearning.com\/assessments\/load?assessment_id=875&#38;embed=1&#38;external_user_id=&#38;external_context_id=&#38;iframe_resize_id=lumen_assessment_875\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:400px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-41\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Personal Finance. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Jolene Carr. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Image of man at Student Loans desk. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: COD Newsroom. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/s6xruC\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/s6xruC<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Financial Success Journal. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Ronda Dorsey Neugebauer. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Chadron State College. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>What is the Price of College?. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Ed NCES. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lbp2LoE1WdU\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/lbp2LoE1WdU<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":23485,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Image of man at Student Loans desk\",\"author\":\"COD Newsroom\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/s6xruC\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"What is 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