{"id":39,"date":"2015-05-27T21:59:07","date_gmt":"2015-05-27T21:59:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/englishcomp2kscopexmaster\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=39"},"modified":"2016-05-31T18:35:20","modified_gmt":"2016-05-31T18:35:20","slug":"prewriting-strategies","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-jeffersoncc-englishcomp2kscopexmaster\/chapter\/prewriting-strategies\/","title":{"raw":"Prewriting Strategies","rendered":"Prewriting Strategies"},"content":{"raw":"The term \"pre-writing\" conjures up a lot of strange activities and practices.\u00a0 You've probably tried many different prewriting strategies in the past, and may have a good idea of what works for you and what doesn't.\u00a0\u00a0 Keep in mind, that the KIND of writing project you're working on can impact how effective a particular technique is to use in a given situation.\r\n\r\nSome resources for additional prewriting activities are listed here.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2>FREEWRITING<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-247 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174422\/timer-300x240.jpg\" alt=\"Close-up photo of a silver microwave dial timer\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" \/>Setting a goal for a short amount of time (5 minutes or 10 minutes are good options), just write anything that comes to mind related to your topic.\u00a0 The goal is to not worry about what comes out of your pen, if handwriting, or keyboard, if typing.\u00a0 Instead, just free your mind to associate as it wishes.\u00a0 It's amazingly productive for rich ideas, and it's nice not to have to worry about spelling and grammar.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional information: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/fictionwriting.about.com\/od\/writingexercises\/ss\/freewriteex.htm\" target=\"_blank\">About.com's \"How to FreeWrite\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3><\/h3>\r\n<h2><\/h2>\r\n<h2>LIST-MAKING<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-248 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174424\/list-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a list handwritten on graphing paper, with a pen on top\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/>If you're a list-maker by nature, there's no reason not to harness that for academic writing purposes.\u00a0 Jot notes about major ideas related to the subject you're working with.\u00a0 This also works well with a time limit, like 10 minutes.\u00a0 Bonus points--after you've had time to reflect on your list, you can rearrange it in hierarchical order, and create a basic outline quite simply.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.higherawareness.com\/journal-writing\/list-making.html\" target=\"_blank\">Higher Awareness's\u00a0\"List Making - Journaling Tool\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3><\/h3>\r\n<h2>CLUSTERING<\/h2>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_249\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174425\/cluster.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-249 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174425\/cluster-300x182.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a Mindmap drawn on a whiteboard with different colored markers. The center of the cluster is &quot;Wiki facilitation principles&quot; with branching ideas from there.\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a> Click to enlarge[\/caption]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Also known as \"mapping,\" this is a more visual form of brainstorming.\u00a0 It asks you to come up with topic ideas, and draw lines to connect<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nideas and figure out sub-categories and related ideas.\u00a0\u00a0 You can end up with a quite extensive \"bubble cloud\" as a result.\u00a0 This also works well within a time limit, like 10 minutes.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/edudemic.com\/2012\/03\/mind-mapping\/\" target=\"_blank\">Edudemic's\u00a05 Innovative Mind-Mapping Tools for Education<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3><\/h3>\r\n<h2>QUESTIONING<\/h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-547 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/190\/2016\/05\/31183414\/Where_When_Who_What_Why_How%5E_-_NARA_-_534144-205x300.jpg\" alt=\"Image of an advertisement from a magazine, with a large purple question mark containing the questions Where, When, What, Why, How, and Who\" width=\"205\" height=\"300\" \/>The way to find answers is to ask questions\u2014seems simple enough.\u00a0 This applies to early-stage writing processes, just like everything else.\u00a0 When you have a topic in mind, asking and answering questions about it is a good way to figure out directions your writing might take.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.powa.org\/index.php\/invent\/journalists-questions\" target=\"_blank\">Paradigm's\u00a0The Journalists' Questions (7 pages)<\/a><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #800080; font-size: medium;\">Other prewriting strategies exist.\u00a0 Do you have a favorite method? \u00a0<\/span>","rendered":"<p>The term &#8220;pre-writing&#8221; conjures up a lot of strange activities and practices.\u00a0 You&#8217;ve probably tried many different prewriting strategies in the past, and may have a good idea of what works for you and what doesn&#8217;t.\u00a0\u00a0 Keep in mind, that the KIND of writing project you&#8217;re working on can impact how effective a particular technique is to use in a given situation.<\/p>\n<p>Some resources for additional prewriting activities are listed here.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>FREEWRITING<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-247 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174422\/timer-300x240.jpg\" alt=\"Close-up photo of a silver microwave dial timer\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" \/>Setting a goal for a short amount of time (5 minutes or 10 minutes are good options), just write anything that comes to mind related to your topic.\u00a0 The goal is to not worry about what comes out of your pen, if handwriting, or keyboard, if typing.\u00a0 Instead, just free your mind to associate as it wishes.\u00a0 It&#8217;s amazingly productive for rich ideas, and it&#8217;s nice not to have to worry about spelling and grammar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional information: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/fictionwriting.about.com\/od\/writingexercises\/ss\/freewriteex.htm\" target=\"_blank\">About.com&#8217;s &#8220;How to FreeWrite&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>LIST-MAKING<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-248 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174424\/list-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a list handwritten on graphing paper, with a pen on top\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/>If you&#8217;re a list-maker by nature, there&#8217;s no reason not to harness that for academic writing purposes.\u00a0 Jot notes about major ideas related to the subject you&#8217;re working with.\u00a0 This also works well with a time limit, like 10 minutes.\u00a0 Bonus points&#8211;after you&#8217;ve had time to reflect on your list, you can rearrange it in hierarchical order, and create a basic outline quite simply.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.higherawareness.com\/journal-writing\/list-making.html\" target=\"_blank\">Higher Awareness&#8217;s\u00a0&#8220;List Making &#8211; Journaling Tool&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>CLUSTERING<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_249\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174425\/cluster.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-249\" class=\"wp-image-249 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/593\/2015\/05\/21174425\/cluster-300x182.jpg\" alt=\"Photo of a Mindmap drawn on a whiteboard with different colored markers. The center of the cluster is &quot;Wiki facilitation principles&quot; with branching ideas from there.\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-249\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to enlarge<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Also known as &#8220;mapping,&#8221; this is a more visual form of brainstorming.\u00a0 It asks you to come up with topic ideas, and draw lines to connect<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>ideas and figure out sub-categories and related ideas.\u00a0\u00a0 You can end up with a quite extensive &#8220;bubble cloud&#8221; as a result.\u00a0 This also works well within a time limit, like 10 minutes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/edudemic.com\/2012\/03\/mind-mapping\/\" target=\"_blank\">Edudemic&#8217;s\u00a05 Innovative Mind-Mapping Tools for Education<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>QUESTIONING<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-547 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/190\/2016\/05\/31183414\/Where_When_Who_What_Why_How%5E_-_NARA_-_534144-205x300.jpg\" alt=\"Image of an advertisement from a magazine, with a large purple question mark containing the questions Where, When, What, Why, How, and Who\" width=\"205\" height=\"300\" \/>The way to find answers is to ask questions\u2014seems simple enough.\u00a0 This applies to early-stage writing processes, just like everything else.\u00a0 When you have a topic in mind, asking and answering questions about it is a good way to figure out directions your writing might take.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Additional Information: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.powa.org\/index.php\/invent\/journalists-questions\" target=\"_blank\">Paradigm&#8217;s\u00a0The Journalists&#8217; Questions (7 pages)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080; font-size: medium;\">Other prewriting strategies exist.\u00a0 Do you have a favorite method? \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-39\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Composition II. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Alexis McMillan-Clifton. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Tacoma Community College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tacomacc.edu\">http:\/\/www.tacomacc.edu<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of list. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: sunshinecity. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/2v76ZB\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/2v76ZB<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of clustering. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Robyn Jay. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/9dZCyh\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/9dZCyh<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Public domain content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Image of timer. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Pascal. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/6opKb8\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/6opKb8<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of questions. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Office for Emergency Management War Production Board. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Where,_When,_Who,_What,_Why,_How%5E_-_NARA_-_534144.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Where,_When,_Who,_What,_Why,_How%5E_-_NARA_-_534144.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/pdm\">Public Domain: No Known Copyright<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":277,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Composition II\",\"author\":\"Alexis McMillan-Clifton\",\"organization\":\"Tacoma Community 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