“It’s like butter.” (simile, or comparison using like or as). Similes are kind of weak in contrast with their tougher bigger brothers, the metaphors. They ask only that readers see something as similar, whereas metaphors ask that we identify two unlike things. “Her heart is burned bulk butter.” (Alliteration, or repetition of vowel sound, as well as a metaphor, or identification of two unlike things)

“All the world is butter to a dairy farmer.” (hyperbole, or exaggeration for effect)

“Butter, not pork, is to some the other white meat.” (If this makes any sense, it could be understatement, or. . . well, it’s kind of self-explanatory!)

“Packagers soon began coloring white margarine yellow to boost its lagging early sales.” (symbolism, or the use of an object to stand for an idea. It’s arguable whether you view yellow as an object, but you get the idea of a thing standing for an idea.—–> “Isn’t that what margarine is all about, keeping up appearances?” (rhetorical question, not meant to be answered by audience)
“Nice shoes, Mr. Dickinson; are those actually from the 1970s or the 1980s?” (verbal irony, or the opposition between a word’s intended meaning and its usual meaning)

“Just as he was talking about how his friends’ cars have so many flats, his car had a flat tire!” (situational irony, or an event that is surprising and defies expectations)

“I knew Caesar was going to die, so it was strange to hear him praising his trustworthy friends when they were plotting his death.” (Dramatic irony, or the audience’s greater knowledge than one or more characters have)
“Et tu, butter?” (allusion, or reference to another literary or cultural work. In this case, Caesar’s famous last words “Et tu Brute?”, or “You, too, Brutus,” are being reused. By twisting the original, this is also parody, or a comedic copying of an original)