{"id":1154,"date":"2017-10-09T18:49:04","date_gmt":"2017-10-09T18:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-jeffersoncc-styleguide\/?post_type=chapter&p=1154"},"modified":"2017-11-20T15:41:04","modified_gmt":"2017-11-20T15:41:04","slug":"1154","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-jeffersoncc-styleguide\/chapter\/1154\/","title":{"raw":"The One-Sentence Paraphrase Rule","rendered":"The One-Sentence Paraphrase Rule"},"content":{"raw":"
Break up long areas of source use.\u00a0 Interpret them.\u00a0 The citation counts only for the sentence it's in, not for the sentence before that, or the sentence before that, etc.<\/strong><\/blockquote>\r\nTelling Yours from Theirs<\/strong>\r\n\r\nUse sources as a form of backup for what you write.\u00a0 They support the writer\u2019s claims, creating the sense that the writer owns her paper.\r\n\r\nNow, too many students think that they are supposed to write a bunch of papers that list quotes.\u00a0 Sometimes, they even paraphrase entire paragraphs.\u00a0 This results in failing arguments and failing grades, because they have done so little work.\u00a0 It's easy to find a bunch of quotes.\u00a0 It's easy to paraphrase those quotes.\u00a0 This is where the one-sentence rule for paraphrase comes about.\r\n\r\nAs a reader, I need to be able to distinguish between \"what's yours\" in the essay and \"what's theirs.\"\u00a0 Ideally, the distinction between sources and you should be easy.\u00a0 In practice, though, it is not.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe Rule<\/strong>\r\n
At the college level, instructors will only consider your citation to be \"good\" for the sentence in which it occurs.\u00a0 That is, when I read a paragraph and it has a citation at the end, that citation only counts for the sentence it is in.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/blockquote>\r\nConsequences Big Blocks of Uninterpreted Paraphrases<\/strong>\r\n\r\nWhat I often see are blocks of source information that aren't quoted, but which are cited.\u00a0 The writer basically attempted to reword an entire block of text from the source.\u00a0 The writer thought they'd be okay with just plopping a parenthetical citation near\/at the paragraph's end.\r\n\r\nIf this happens, you need to know how I will read things.\r\n\r\nI will read it as follows:\r\n\r\nThe Paraphrase Counts only for the Sentence it is in.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe paraphrase counts only for the sentence it is in.\u00a0 Therefore, anything in the several sentences before you cited is not covered by that ending parenthetical citation.\u00a0 Let me show you an example from a student essay.\u00a0\u00a0 You'll see how easy it is to throw in some details, and how tempting it is to leave them all alone.\u00a0 This comes from a student paper about Alzheimer's disease:\r\n\r\nExperiments have been done on mice to determine which of two Beta secretases in the brain could be mainly responsible for the development of destructive plaques.\u00a0 An enzyme has been recently discovered called BACE 1.\u00a0 This enzyme snips a protein in the brain that forms a beta amyloid fragment.\u00a0 These fragments come together to form the plaque.\u00a0 Researchers are looking for a way to develop a drug that will inactivate BACE 1 and prevent the buildup of beta amyloid in the brain.\u00a0 Beta amyloid forms plaques that interfere with communication among neurons.\u00a0 There could possibly be another enzyme that they are calling BACE 2 as of now.\u00a0 The abnormal accumulation of chromosome 21 in cells could also be a main cause of Alzheimer\u2019s (Travis 1).\r\n\r\nAside from the fact that these are unquoted quotes, what's the problem with stringing together eight sentences like this?\u00a0 Do you see what I'm talking about with the one-sentence rule?\u00a0 For the example above, the parenthetical citation (Travis 1) at paragraph's end would count only for the sentence it's in.\u00a0 That is why we put the period only after the parentheses.\u00a0 The period encloses that citation within its sentence.\r\n\r\nThe paragraph above shows serious plagiarism problems.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe Solution: Break Up Long Areas of Source Use<\/strong>\r\n\r\n. . .and Interpret<\/strong>\r\n\r\nParaphrasing problems like the one above can be easy to fix.\u00a0 You break up the long areas of source use and interpret their meaning.\u00a0 The breaking up will force you to include only the source information that's most valuable.\u00a0 The interpretation will get you to stick in more of your own ideas.\u00a0 Interpreting enough will tend to make it so you can't just string together source information without writing anything about<\/em> it.\r\n\r\nDo you recall how much of a percentage of an average body paragraph should come from the source?\r\n\r\nAnswers vary, of course, depending on your purpose and the sophistication of your topic.\u00a0 However, if you consistently let the sources take over more than 1\/3 of your body paragraphs, you will not be a successful arguer, thinker, or writer.","rendered":"

Break up long areas of source use.\u00a0 Interpret them.\u00a0 The citation counts only for the sentence it’s in, not for the sentence before that, or the sentence before that, etc.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Telling Yours from Theirs<\/strong><\/p>\n

Use sources as a form of backup for what you write.\u00a0 They support the writer\u2019s claims, creating the sense that the writer owns her paper.<\/p>\n

Now, too many students think that they are supposed to write a bunch of papers that list quotes.\u00a0 Sometimes, they even paraphrase entire paragraphs.\u00a0 This results in failing arguments and failing grades, because they have done so little work.\u00a0 It’s easy to find a bunch of quotes.\u00a0 It’s easy to paraphrase those quotes.\u00a0 This is where the one-sentence rule for paraphrase comes about.<\/p>\n

As a reader, I need to be able to distinguish between “what’s yours” in the essay and “what’s theirs.”\u00a0 Ideally, the distinction between sources and you should be easy.\u00a0 In practice, though, it is not.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Rule<\/strong><\/p>\n

At the college level, instructors will only consider your citation to be “good” for the sentence in which it occurs.\u00a0 That is, when I read a paragraph and it has a citation at the end, that citation only counts for the sentence it is in.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Consequences Big Blocks of Uninterpreted Paraphrases<\/strong><\/p>\n

What I often see are blocks of source information that aren’t quoted, but which are cited.\u00a0 The writer basically attempted to reword an entire block of text from the source.\u00a0 The writer thought they’d be okay with just plopping a parenthetical citation near\/at the paragraph’s end.<\/p>\n

If this happens, you need to know how I will read things.<\/p>\n

I will read it as follows:<\/p>\n

The Paraphrase Counts only for the Sentence it is in.<\/strong><\/p>\n

The paraphrase counts only for the sentence it is in.\u00a0 Therefore, anything in the several sentences before you cited is not covered by that ending parenthetical citation.\u00a0 Let me show you an example from a student essay.\u00a0\u00a0 You’ll see how easy it is to throw in some details, and how tempting it is to leave them all alone.\u00a0 This comes from a student paper about Alzheimer’s disease:<\/p>\n

Experiments have been done on mice to determine which of two Beta secretases in the brain could be mainly responsible for the development of destructive plaques.\u00a0 An enzyme has been recently discovered called BACE 1.\u00a0 This enzyme snips a protein in the brain that forms a beta amyloid fragment.\u00a0 These fragments come together to form the plaque.\u00a0 Researchers are looking for a way to develop a drug that will inactivate BACE 1 and prevent the buildup of beta amyloid in the brain.\u00a0 Beta amyloid forms plaques that interfere with communication among neurons.\u00a0 There could possibly be another enzyme that they are calling BACE 2 as of now.\u00a0 The abnormal accumulation of chromosome 21 in cells could also be a main cause of Alzheimer\u2019s (Travis 1).<\/p>\n

Aside from the fact that these are unquoted quotes, what’s the problem with stringing together eight sentences like this?\u00a0 Do you see what I’m talking about with the one-sentence rule?\u00a0 For the example above, the parenthetical citation (Travis 1) at paragraph’s end would count only for the sentence it’s in.\u00a0 That is why we put the period only after the parentheses.\u00a0 The period encloses that citation within its sentence.<\/p>\n

The paragraph above shows serious plagiarism problems.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Solution: Break Up Long Areas of Source Use<\/strong><\/p>\n

. . .and Interpret<\/strong><\/p>\n

Paraphrasing problems like the one above can be easy to fix.\u00a0 You break up the long areas of source use and interpret their meaning.\u00a0 The breaking up will force you to include only the source information that’s most valuable.\u00a0 The interpretation will get you to stick in more of your own ideas.\u00a0 Interpreting enough will tend to make it so you can’t just string together source information without writing anything about<\/em> it.<\/p>\n

Do you recall how much of a percentage of an average body paragraph should come from the source?<\/p>\n

Answers vary, of course, depending on your purpose and the sophistication of your topic.\u00a0 However, if you consistently let the sources take over more than 1\/3 of your body paragraphs, you will not be a successful arguer, thinker, or writer.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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