{"id":1058,"date":"2019-01-22T22:34:30","date_gmt":"2019-01-22T22:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1058"},"modified":"2019-03-01T20:44:29","modified_gmt":"2019-03-01T20:44:29","slug":"successful-aging","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/chapter\/successful-aging\/","title":{"raw":"Successful Aging","rendered":"Successful Aging"},"content":{"raw":"Although definitions of successful aging are value-laden, Rowe and Kahn (1997) defined three criteria of successful aging that are useful for research and behavioral interventions. They include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Relative avoidance of disease, disability, and risk factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Maintenance of high physical and cognitive functioning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Active engagement in social and productive activities<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFor example, research has demonstrated that age-related declines in cognitive functioning across the adult life span may be slowed through physical exercise and lifestyle interventions (Kramer &amp; Erickson, 2007).\r\n\r\nAnother way that older adults can respond to the challenges of aging is through compensation. Specifically, <strong>selective optimization with compensation <\/strong>is used when the elder <em>makes adjustments, as needed, in order to continue living as independently and actively as possible <\/em>(Baltes &amp; Dickson, 2001)<strong>. <\/strong>When older adults lose functioning, referred to as loss-based selection, they may first use new resources\/technologies or continually practice tasks to maintain their skills. However, when tasks become too difficult, they may compensate by choosing other ways to achieve their goals. For example, a person who can no longer drive needs to find alternative transportation, or a person who is compensating for having less energy, learns how to reorganize the daily routine to avoid over-exertion.","rendered":"<p>Although definitions of successful aging are value-laden, Rowe and Kahn (1997) defined three criteria of successful aging that are useful for research and behavioral interventions. They include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Relative avoidance of disease, disability, and risk factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity<\/li>\n<li>Maintenance of high physical and cognitive functioning<\/li>\n<li>Active engagement in social and productive activities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For example, research has demonstrated that age-related declines in cognitive functioning across the adult life span may be slowed through physical exercise and lifestyle interventions (Kramer &amp; Erickson, 2007).<\/p>\n<p>Another way that older adults can respond to the challenges of aging is through compensation. Specifically, <strong>selective optimization with compensation <\/strong>is used when the elder <em>makes adjustments, as needed, in order to continue living as independently and actively as possible <\/em>(Baltes &amp; Dickson, 2001)<strong>. <\/strong>When older adults lose functioning, referred to as loss-based selection, they may first use new resources\/technologies or continually practice tasks to maintain their skills. However, when tasks become too difficult, they may compensate by choosing other ways to achieve their goals. For example, a person who can no longer drive needs to find alternative transportation, or a person who is compensating for having less energy, learns how to reorganize the daily routine to avoid over-exertion.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1058\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li><strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Martha Lally and Suzanne Valentine-French. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: College of Lake County Foundation. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/dept.clcillinois.edu\/psy\/LifespanDevelopment.pdf\">http:\/\/dept.clcillinois.edu\/psy\/LifespanDevelopment.pdf<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":89971,"menu_order":29,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"\",\"author\":\"Martha Lally and Suzanne Valentine-French\",\"organization\":\"College of Lake County Foundation\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/dept.clcillinois.edu\/psy\/LifespanDevelopment.pdf\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1058","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":33,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/89971"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1583,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1058\/revisions\/1583"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/33"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1058\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1058"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1058"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-lifespandevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}