{"id":363,"date":"2014-07-25T20:09:59","date_gmt":"2014-07-25T20:09:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/writershandbook\/?post_type=chapter&p=363"},"modified":"2014-07-25T21:16:34","modified_gmt":"2014-07-25T21:16:34","slug":"19-1-mastering-commonly-misspelled-words","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-mcc-styleguide\/chapter\/19-1-mastering-commonly-misspelled-words\/","title":{"raw":"19.1 Mastering Commonly Misspelled Words","rendered":"19.1 Mastering Commonly Misspelled Words"},"content":{"raw":" \r\n
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19.1<\/span> Mastering Commonly Misspelled Words<\/h2>\r\n
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Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n\t
  1. Recognize ways to become a better speller.<\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Implement methods of monitoring your common spelling problems.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\nRegardless of how good a speller you are, knowing the type of spelling errors you are likely to make can help you correct the errors.\r\n
    \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Common Causes of Spelling Errors<\/th>\r\nExamples<\/th>\r\nWays to Deal with the Problems<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
    Some words do not follow common spelling rules.<\/td>\r\ni<\/em> before e<\/em> except after c<\/em>, so is it height or hieght?<\/td>\r\nKnow the rules, know some of the exceptions, and use a dictionary or spell checker (see Section 19.1.1 \"Spell Check\") if you have the slightest hesitation.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    You interchange homophones<\/span><\/span> without realizing it.<\/td>\r\nI want to go to<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\nBe extra careful with each homophone you use; learn the commonly confused pairs of homophones.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    You often do not recognize that a word has a homophone or you do not know which homophone to use.<\/td>\r\nThe cat chased its tale<\/strong> for an hour.<\/td>\r\nRead through your work once (preferably aloud) looking (and listening) only for homophone issues. Ask someone to proofread your work.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    You misspell some words almost every time you use them.<\/td>\r\nI can\u2019t make a comittment<\/strong> today.<\/td>\r\nKeep a list of your problem words where you can easily glance at them.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    You find words from other languages confusing since they do not follow standard English spellings.<\/td>\r\nI\u2019m going to make an orderve<\/strong> for the party.<\/td>\r\nAdd foreign words you often use to your list of problem words. Look the others up each time you use them.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n

    Spell Check<\/h2>\r\nThe combination of extensive computer use and spell checkers<\/span><\/span> have changed the way we look at spelling. Today\u2019s software programs often provide both manual and automatic spell checking. Manual spell checking lets you go through the entire document or selected text from it and checks for spellings not present in the dictionary of reference. Automatic spell checking underlinines spelling errors for you (usually in red). By right-clicking on the misspelled word, you\u2019ll be given one or more correctly spelled alternatives. When you find the spelling you think is correct, clicking on that word will change the text automatically. Sometimes automatic spell checking underlines words that aren\u2019t misspelled, but it rarely misses words that are. So if you check all the marked words, you can \u201cspell check as you write.\u201d\r\n\r\nJust make sure you don\u2019t rely on spell check to have a human eye. Consider the following sentence: \u201cIt was sunny win I drove of this mourning, so I lift my umbrela in the car port.\u201d If you use a spell checker on this sentence, you will be alerted to fix the problem with \u201cumbrela.\u201d You won\u2019t, however, be given any indication that \u201cwin,\u201d \u201cmourning,\u201d \u201cof,\u201d \u201clift,\u201d and \u201ccar port\u201d are problems. Spell checkers have no way to tag misspelled words if the misspelling forms another word, incorrectly used homophones, or compound words that are presented as two words. So even though spell checkers are great tools, do not give them the sole responsibility of making sure your spelling is accurate.\r\n\r\nSpell checkers can also suggest the wrong first choice to replace a misspelled word. Consider the following sentence: \u201cMy shert was wet cleer thrugh to my skin, and my shos sloshed with every step.\u201d A spell checker might list \u201cthough\u201d as a first-choice for \u201cthrugh\u201d and \u201cthrough\u201d as the second choice, thus forcing you to know that \u201cthough\u201d is not right and to look on down the list and choose \u201cthrough.\u201d\r\n\r\nAs a rule, only very common proper nouns are part of the dictionaries on which a spell checker is based. Consequently, you are left to check your spelling of those words. Many software programs allow users to add words to the dictionary. This permission lets you incorporate proper nouns you use often into the dictionary so you will not have to address them during a spell check. You might, for example, add your name or your workplace to the dictionary. Besides adding proper nouns, you can also add your list of other words you\u2019ve commonly misspelled in the past.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n
    \r\n

    Common Spelling Rules<\/h2>\r\nAlthough they all have exceptions, common spelling rules exist and have become known as common rules because they are true most of the time. It is in your best interest to know both the rules and the common exceptions to the rules.\r\n
    \r\n

    Common Spelling Rules<\/h3>\r\n
      \r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> i<\/em> before e<\/em>\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> belief, chief, friend, field, fiend, niece\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> either, foreign, height, leisure<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026except after c<\/em>\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> receive, ceiling\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> conscience, financier, science, species<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026and in long-a<\/em> words like neighbor and weigh\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> eight, feint, their, vein<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> In short-vowel accented syllables that end in a single consonant, double the consonant before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> beginning, mopped, runner, sitting, submitting\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> boxing, buses (\u201cbusses\u201d is also acceptable), circuses, taxes<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> There is no doubling if the syllable ends in two consonants, the last syllable is not accented, or the syllable does not have a short vowel.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> asking, curling; focused, opening; seated, waited<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> With words or syllables that end in a silent e<\/em>, drop the e<\/em> before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> achieving, baking, exciting, riding, surprising<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> If the suffix doesn\u2019t start with a vowel, keep the silent e<\/em>.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> achievement, lately\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> hoeing, mileage, noticeable, judgment, ninth, truly<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> With syllables that end in y<\/em>, change the y<\/em> to i<\/em> before adding a suffix (including the plural -es<\/em>).\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> carries, cities, dries, enviable, ladies, luckiest, beautiful, bountiful\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> annoyance, babyish<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> Keep the final y<\/em> when it is preceded by a vowel.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> keys, monkeys, plays<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026and when the suffix begins with i<\/em>, since English words do not typically have two i<\/em>\u2019s in a row.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> babyish, carrying, marrying\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> skiing<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> When forming the plural of a proper noun, just add -s<\/em> unless the proper noun ends in ch<\/em>, s<\/em>, sh<\/em>, x<\/em>, or z<\/em>.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> Bartons, Blairs, Hubbards, Murphys, Bushes, Collinses, Lynches, Martinezes, Wilcoxes<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> When forming plurals of hyphenated nouns, use the plural form of the main word, regardless of where it falls within the word.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> brothers-in-law, clearing-houses, ex-wives, not-for-profits, runners-up, T-shirts<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> Add -es<\/em> to words ending in s<\/em>, sh<\/em>, ch<\/em>, x<\/em>, or z<\/em>.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> classes, dishes, couches, quizzes, taxes\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> epochs, monarchs (ch<\/em> spelling makes k<\/em> sound)<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in a consonant and an o<\/em>, add -es<\/em>.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, zeroes\r\n\r\nExceptions:<\/strong> memos, photos, zeros (also acceptable)<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in a vowel and an o<\/em>, add -s<\/em>.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> patios, radios, zoos<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in f<\/em> or fe<\/em>, either change the f<\/em> to v<\/em> and add -s<\/em> or -es<\/em> or just add -s<\/em> with no changes.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> knives, leaves OR cuffs, roofs<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> Some words have whole word changes for the plural forms.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> children, feet, geese, mice, women<\/li>\r\n\t
    • Rule:<\/strong> Some words have the same spellings for singular and plural forms.\r\n\r\nExamples:<\/strong> deer, fish, sheep<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
      \r\n

      Homophones<\/h2>\r\nHomophones are words that sound alike but have different spellings and different meanings. The best way to handle these words is to view them as completely separate words by connecting the spellings and the meanings rather than relying totally on the sounds. You can make mnemonics<\/span><\/span> (memory clues) to use with words that are a problem for you. Here\u2019s a small sampling of the thousand or more homophones in the English language:\r\n
      \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
      ad\/add<\/td>\r\nhim\/hymn<\/td>\r\nrose\/rows<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      ant\/aunt<\/td>\r\nhole\/whole<\/td>\r\nsail\/sale<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      band\/banned<\/td>\r\nhour\/our<\/td>\r\nscene\/seen<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      be\/bee<\/td>\r\nin\/inn<\/td>\r\nsew\/so\/sow<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      beat\/beet<\/td>\r\nknead\/need<\/td>\r\nsight\/site<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      billed\/build<\/td>\r\nknew\/new<\/td>\r\nsoar\/sore<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bold\/bowled<\/td>\r\nknight\/night<\/td>\r\nsome\/sum<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bridal\/bridle<\/td>\r\nlead\/led<\/td>\r\nson\/sun<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      ceiling\/sealing<\/td>\r\nlessen\/lesson<\/td>\r\nsuite\/sweet<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      cents\/scents\/sense<\/td>\r\nloan\/lone<\/td>\r\ntail\/tale<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      chews\/choose<\/td>\r\nmaid\/made<\/td>\r\ntea\/tee<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      clothes\/close<\/td>\r\nmight\/mite<\/td>\r\ntheir\/there\/they\u2019re<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      creak\/creek<\/td>\r\nminer\/minor<\/td>\r\nthrone\/thrown<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      crews\/cruise<\/td>\r\nnone\/nun<\/td>\r\ntoe\/tow<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      days\/daze<\/td>\r\npail\/pale<\/td>\r\ntime\/thyme<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      dear\/deer<\/td>\r\npain\/pane<\/td>\r\nto\/too\/two<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      die\/dye<\/td>\r\npair\/pare\/pear<\/td>\r\nundo\/undue<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      ewe\/yew\/you<\/td>\r\npassed\/past<\/td>\r\nvain\/vane\/vein<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      feat\/feet<\/td>\r\npatience\/patients<\/td>\r\nvery\/vary<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      fairy\/ferry<\/td>\r\npeace\/piece<\/td>\r\nwail\/wale\/whale<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      flour\/flower<\/td>\r\npedal\/peddle\/petal<\/td>\r\nware\/wear\/where<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      for\/fore\/four<\/td>\r\nplain\/plane<\/td>\r\nweather\/whether<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      genes\/jeans<\/td>\r\npoor\/pore\/pour<\/td>\r\nweak\/week<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      groan\/grown<\/td>\r\nprincipal\/principle<\/td>\r\nwhich\/witch<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      guessed\/guest<\/td>\r\nrain\/reign\/rein<\/td>\r\nwhine\/wine<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      hair\/hare<\/td>\r\nread\/red<\/td>\r\nwood\/would<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      heal\/heel\/he\u2019ll<\/td>\r\nring\/wring<\/td>\r\nyoke\/yolk<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      hear\/here<\/td>\r\nroad\/rode\/rowed<\/td>\r\nyour\/you\u2019re<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
      \r\n

      Commonly Misspelled Words<\/h2>\r\nThe following list includes some English words that are commonly used and often misspelled. You, personally, might or might not have problems with many of the words in the list. The important issue is for you to identify your problem words and negate the problems. You can handle your spelling problems by keeping a list of those words handy. Another way to deal with spellings that puzzle you is to use mnemonics such as those shown for the words in bold italics<\/em> on this list:\r\n
      \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
      abscess<\/td>\r\ndeterrent<\/td>\r\ninnocence<\/td>\r\nonce<\/td>\r\nscissors<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      accidentally<\/td>\r\ndiaphragm<\/td>\r\ninnovate<\/td>\r\nounce<\/td>\r\nseize<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      accommodate<\/td>\r\ndisastrous<\/td>\r\ninoculate<\/td>\r\nparaffin<\/td>\r\nseparate<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      acquaintance<\/td>\r\ndiscipline<\/td>\r\ninsistence<\/td>\r\nparliament<\/td>\r\nseparately<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      acquiesce<\/td>\r\ndisguise<\/td>\r\niridescence<\/td>\r\nparallel<\/td>\r\nsergeant<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      acquire<\/td>\r\ndissipate<\/td>\r\nirrelevant<\/td>\r\nparticularly<\/td>\r\nserviceable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      acquit<\/td>\r\necstasy<\/td>\r\nirresistible<\/td>\r\npastime<\/td>\r\nseveral<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      allotted<\/td>\r\neffervescence<\/td>\r\njudgment<\/em><\/td>\r\npavilion<\/td>\r\nshriek<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      all right<\/td>\r\nefficiency<\/td>\r\nknowledgeable<\/td>\r\npermanent<\/td>\r\nsiege<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      amateur<\/td>\r\nembarrass<\/td>\r\nlegible<\/td>\r\npermissible<\/td>\r\nsieve<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      anoint<\/td>\r\neuphemism<\/td>\r\nleisure<\/td>\r\nperseverance<\/td>\r\nsilhouette<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      apologize<\/td>\r\nexercise<\/td>\r\nliaison<\/td>\r\npersonnel<\/td>\r\nsimilar<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      argument<\/td>\r\nexhilarated<\/td>\r\nlibrary<\/td>\r\npharaoh<\/td>\r\nsincerely<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      beautiful<\/td>\r\nexistence<\/td>\r\nlicense<\/td>\r\nphenomenon<\/td>\r\nsophomore<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      benefited<\/td>\r\nexorcise<\/td>\r\nlieutenant<\/td>\r\npigeon<\/td>\r\nsouvenir<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bicycle<\/td>\r\nextraordinary<\/td>\r\nlightning<\/td>\r\nplaywright<\/td>\r\nspatial<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bookkeeper<\/td>\r\nfamiliar<\/td>\r\nliquefy<\/td>\r\nprecede<\/td>\r\nsubtle<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bureau<\/td>\r\nfascinate<\/td>\r\nllama<\/td>\r\nprecedent<\/td>\r\nsucceed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      bourgeois<\/td>\r\nfatigue<\/td>\r\nloneliness<\/td>\r\nprejudice<\/td>\r\nsuffrage<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      business<\/td>\r\nFebruary<\/td>\r\nmaintenance<\/td>\r\nprevalent<\/td>\r\nsupersede<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      calendar<\/em><\/td>\r\nforeign<\/td>\r\nmanageable<\/td>\r\nprivilege<\/td>\r\nsurprise<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      camaraderie<\/td>\r\nforest<\/td>\r\nmaneuver<\/td>\r\nproceed<\/td>\r\nsymmetry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      camouflage<\/td>\r\nforty<\/em><\/td>\r\nmassacre<\/td>\r\npropaganda<\/td>\r\ntherefore<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      canoeing<\/td>\r\nfourth<\/td>\r\nmayonnaise<\/td>\r\nquestionnaire<\/td>\r\nthorough<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      changeable<\/td>\r\nfriend<\/td>\r\nmediocre<\/td>\r\nqueue<\/td>\r\nthrough<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      chauffeur<\/td>\r\nfrolicking<\/td>\r\nmillennium<\/td>\r\nquiet<\/em><\/td>\r\ntomorrow<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      chauvinism<\/td>\r\ngauge<\/em><\/td>\r\nminiature<\/td>\r\nquite<\/td>\r\ntragedy<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      collectible<\/td>\r\ngenealogy<\/td>\r\nminimum<\/td>\r\nquizzes<\/td>\r\ntransferable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      colonel<\/td>\r\ngovernment<\/td>\r\nminiscule<\/td>\r\nrarefy<\/td>\r\ntruly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      column<\/td>\r\ngrateful<\/td>\r\nmiscellaneous<\/td>\r\nraspberry<\/td>\r\ntyranny<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      commitment<\/td>\r\nguarantee<\/td>\r\nmischievous<\/td>\r\nreceipt<\/td>\r\nukulele<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      committee<\/td>\r\nguard<\/td>\r\nmisspell<\/td>\r\nreceive<\/td>\r\nunfortunately<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      competitive<\/td>\r\nguinea<\/td>\r\nmnemonic<\/td>\r\nrecommend<\/td>\r\nunmistakable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      completely<\/td>\r\nharass<\/td>\r\nmoccasin<\/td>\r\nreconciliation<\/td>\r\nunnecessarily<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      conceivable<\/td>\r\nhemorrhage<\/td>\r\nmonth<\/td>\r\nreference<\/td>\r\nusually<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      conciliate<\/td>\r\nheresy<\/td>\r\nmortgage<\/td>\r\nreferred<\/td>\r\nvacuum<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      conscience<\/em><\/td>\r\nheroes<\/td>\r\nnauseous<\/td>\r\nremember<\/td>\r\nvariety<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      conscientious<\/td>\r\nhierarchy<\/td>\r\nnecessary<\/td>\r\nreminisce<\/td>\r\nvehicle<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      conscious<\/td>\r\nhumorous<\/td>\r\nninth<\/em><\/td>\r\nreparable<\/td>\r\nvengeance<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      contemptible<\/td>\r\nhygiene<\/td>\r\nnoticeable<\/td>\r\nrestaurant<\/td>\r\nvicious<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      convenience<\/td>\r\nhypocrisy<\/td>\r\nnuclear<\/td>\r\nresuscitator<\/td>\r\nvillain<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      courageous<\/td>\r\nicicle<\/em><\/td>\r\nobedience<\/td>\r\nrhythm<\/td>\r\nWednesday<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      criticism<\/td>\r\nimmediate<\/td>\r\noccasion<\/td>\r\nriveted<\/td>\r\nweird<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      criticize<\/td>\r\nincidentally<\/td>\r\noccurred<\/td>\r\nsacrilegious<\/td>\r\nwhether<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      daiquiri<\/td>\r\nincredible<\/td>\r\noccurrence<\/td>\r\nsalve<\/td>\r\nwhose<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      descendant<\/td>\r\nindispensable<\/td>\r\nodyssey<\/td>\r\nsarcasm<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
      desperate<\/td>\r\ninevitable<\/td>\r\nomitted<\/td>\r\nschedule<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
      \r\n

      Selected Mnemonics<\/h3>\r\n
        \r\n\t
      • calendar<\/em>: Remember that a calendar is made up of many da<\/em>ys.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • conscience<\/em>: If you con<\/em> people about your science<\/em> work, your conscience should bother you.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • forty<\/em>: Fort<\/em>y people are hiding in the fort.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • icicle<\/em>: \u201cIcy Icy Ellie\u201d (\u201cIC IC LE<\/em>\u201d) is a cold cold woman.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • gauge<\/em>: You use a ga<\/em>s ga<\/em>uge.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • judgment<\/em>: The g<\/em>eneral m<\/em>anager might pass judgment, but the lowly e<\/em>mployee won\u2019t even be there.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • ninth<\/em>: Nine<\/em>th\u2026Take the e<\/em> out so you can use it for the tenth.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • quiet<\/em>: You need to be qui<\/em>(e<\/em>nd)(t<\/em>alking).<\/li>\r\n\t
      • scissors<\/em>: She used some sharp s(c<\/em>ut)iss(o<\/em>ff)rs.<\/li>\r\n\t
      • tomorrow<\/em>: There\u2019s only one m<\/em>orning, but every day there are two rr<\/em>ed skies (sunrise and sunset).<\/li>\r\n\t
      • weird<\/em>: Halloween last year was w<\/em>ild and e<\/em>erie.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nOf course, these mnemonics are not universal. Some of the suggestions on this list might seem corny or even incomprehensible to you. The point is to find some that work for you.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n

        Words from Other Languages<\/h2>\r\nEnglish is an ever-evolving language. Part of this ongoing evolution is the incorporation of words from other languages. These words often do not follow typical English spelling rules, and thus require extra attention. This chart shows a very small portion of such words that are used in English.\r\n
        \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Borrowed Word<\/th>\r\nSource<\/th>\r\nBorrowed Word<\/th>\r\nSource<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
        ad hoc<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\nen route<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        adios<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\net cetera (etc.)<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        armadillo<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\nfaux pas<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        art deco<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nfianc\u00e9<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        attach\u00e9<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nfrankfurter<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        ballet<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\ngarbanzo<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        bon app\u00e9tit<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\ngourmet<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        bratwurst<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\nhomo sapiens<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        burrito<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\nhors d\u2019oeuvre<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        caf\u00e9<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nincommunicado<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        chauffeur<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\njalape\u00f1o<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Chihuahua<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\nkaput<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        concierge<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nkindergarten<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        cul-de-sac<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nmargarita<\/td>\r\nSpanish<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        curriculum vitae<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\nmegahertz<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Dachshund<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\nn\u00e9e<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\nper capita<\/td>\r\nLatin<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        diesel<\/td>\r\nGerman<\/td>\r\nr\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/td>\r\nFrench<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\nMany common words in British and American English are spelled differently. For example, American English words ending in -er<\/em> are often spelled with -re<\/em> in British English. American English tends to use -yze<\/em> or -ize<\/em> while British English prefers -yse<\/em> or -ise<\/em>. Words that include the letter o<\/em> in American English are often spelled with an ou<\/em> in British English. American English uses -ck<\/em> or -tion<\/em> as word endings, whereas British English often uses -que<\/em> or -xion<\/em>.\r\n
        \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        American English<\/th>\r\nBritish English<\/th>\r\nAmerican English<\/th>\r\nBritish English<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
        anemia<\/td>\r\nanaemia<\/td>\r\nfetus<\/td>\r\nfoetus<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        analyze<\/td>\r\nanalyse<\/td>\r\nhumor<\/td>\r\nhumour<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        anesthetic<\/td>\r\nanaesthetic<\/td>\r\njudgment<\/td>\r\njudgement<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        apologize<\/td>\r\napologise<\/td>\r\ninflection<\/td>\r\ninflexion<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        canceled<\/td>\r\ncancelled<\/td>\r\nlabor<\/td>\r\nlabour<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        center<\/td>\r\ncentre<\/td>\r\nlicorice<\/td>\r\nliquorice<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        check<\/td>\r\ncheque<\/td>\r\nmold<\/td>\r\nmould<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        civilization<\/td>\r\ncivilisation<\/td>\r\nmustache<\/td>\r\nmoustache<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        color<\/td>\r\ncolour<\/td>\r\npajamas<\/td>\r\npyjamas<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        connection<\/td>\r\nconnexion<\/td>\r\nrealize<\/td>\r\nrealise<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        cozy<\/td>\r\ncosy<\/td>\r\nsmolder<\/td>\r\nsmoulder<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        criticize<\/td>\r\ncriticise<\/td>\r\ntheater<\/td>\r\ntheatre<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        defense<\/td>\r\ndefence<\/td>\r\ntraveled<\/td>\r\ntravelled<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\nSome words from other languages have plural formations that appear unusual within the English language. A good approach is to simply memorize these plural formations. If you don\u2019t want to memorize them, remember that they are unusual and that you will need to look them up.\r\n
        \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Singular Spelling<\/th>\r\nPlural Spelling<\/th>\r\nSingular Spelling<\/th>\r\nPlural Spelling<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
        alumnus<\/td>\r\nalumni<\/td>\r\ndatum<\/td>\r\ndata<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        analysis<\/td>\r\nanalyses<\/td>\r\nmedium<\/td>\r\nmedia<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        antenna<\/td>\r\nantennae<\/td>\r\nmemorandum<\/td>\r\nmemoranda<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        appendix<\/td>\r\nappendices<\/td>\r\nphenomenon<\/td>\r\nphenomena<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        basis<\/td>\r\nbases<\/td>\r\nradius<\/td>\r\nradii<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        chateau<\/td>\r\nchateaux<\/td>\r\nstimulus<\/td>\r\nstimuli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        criterion<\/td>\r\ncriteria<\/td>\r\nsyllabus<\/td>\r\nsyllabi (Americanized: syllabuses)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        crisis<\/td>\r\ncrises<\/td>\r\nthesis<\/td>\r\ntheses<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n

        Key Takeaways<\/h3>\r\n
          \r\n\t
        • The English language includes some general spelling rules, but most of these rules have at least some exceptions.<\/li>\r\n\t
        • You need to take personal responsibility for dealing with the words that are spelling problems for you. Spell checkers can help handle spelling problems, but you cannot completely rely on them.<\/li>\r\n\t
        • Words from other languages have been incorporated into English and require special spelling attention.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
          \r\n

          Exercises<\/h3>\r\n
            \r\n\t
          1. Using words from the lists in this section and other words you know you have trouble spelling, make a personal spelling checklist. Include only words that you find yourself having trouble spelling.<\/li>\r\n\t
          2. Write a two-page essay on a topic of your choosing. Then use spell check on the document. Finally, proofread the essay to find errors that the spell checker missed.<\/li>\r\n\t
          3. Choose ten words that you routinely use and struggle to spell correctly. Create clues to help you remember how to spell the words. Post your clues to a common site so that you can share them with your classmates.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n ","rendered":"

             <\/p>\n

            \n

            19.1<\/span> Mastering Commonly Misspelled Words<\/h2>\n
            \n

            Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n
              \n
            1. Recognize ways to become a better speller.<\/li>\n
            2. Implement methods of monitoring your common spelling problems.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

              Regardless of how good a speller you are, knowing the type of spelling errors you are likely to make can help you correct the errors.<\/p>\n

              \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              Common Causes of Spelling Errors<\/th>\nExamples<\/th>\nWays to Deal with the Problems<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              Some words do not follow common spelling rules.<\/td>\ni<\/em> before e<\/em> except after c<\/em>, so is it height or hieght?<\/td>\nKnow the rules, know some of the exceptions, and use a dictionary or spell checker (see Section 19.1.1 “Spell Check”) if you have the slightest hesitation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              You interchange homophones<\/span><\/span> without realizing it.<\/td>\nI want to go to<\/strong>.<\/td>\nBe extra careful with each homophone you use; learn the commonly confused pairs of homophones.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              You often do not recognize that a word has a homophone or you do not know which homophone to use.<\/td>\nThe cat chased its tale<\/strong> for an hour.<\/td>\nRead through your work once (preferably aloud) looking (and listening) only for homophone issues. Ask someone to proofread your work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              You misspell some words almost every time you use them.<\/td>\nI can\u2019t make a comittment<\/strong> today.<\/td>\nKeep a list of your problem words where you can easily glance at them.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              You find words from other languages confusing since they do not follow standard English spellings.<\/td>\nI\u2019m going to make an orderve<\/strong> for the party.<\/td>\nAdd foreign words you often use to your list of problem words. Look the others up each time you use them.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
              \n

              Spell Check<\/h2>\n

              The combination of extensive computer use and spell checkers<\/span><\/span> have changed the way we look at spelling. Today\u2019s software programs often provide both manual and automatic spell checking. Manual spell checking lets you go through the entire document or selected text from it and checks for spellings not present in the dictionary of reference. Automatic spell checking underlinines spelling errors for you (usually in red). By right-clicking on the misspelled word, you\u2019ll be given one or more correctly spelled alternatives. When you find the spelling you think is correct, clicking on that word will change the text automatically. Sometimes automatic spell checking underlines words that aren\u2019t misspelled, but it rarely misses words that are. So if you check all the marked words, you can \u201cspell check as you write.\u201d<\/p>\n

              Just make sure you don\u2019t rely on spell check to have a human eye. Consider the following sentence: \u201cIt was sunny win I drove of this mourning, so I lift my umbrela in the car port.\u201d If you use a spell checker on this sentence, you will be alerted to fix the problem with \u201cumbrela.\u201d You won\u2019t, however, be given any indication that \u201cwin,\u201d \u201cmourning,\u201d \u201cof,\u201d \u201clift,\u201d and \u201ccar port\u201d are problems. Spell checkers have no way to tag misspelled words if the misspelling forms another word, incorrectly used homophones, or compound words that are presented as two words. So even though spell checkers are great tools, do not give them the sole responsibility of making sure your spelling is accurate.<\/p>\n

              Spell checkers can also suggest the wrong first choice to replace a misspelled word. Consider the following sentence: \u201cMy shert was wet cleer thrugh to my skin, and my shos sloshed with every step.\u201d A spell checker might list \u201cthough\u201d as a first-choice for \u201cthrugh\u201d and \u201cthrough\u201d as the second choice, thus forcing you to know that \u201cthough\u201d is not right and to look on down the list and choose \u201cthrough.\u201d<\/p>\n

              As a rule, only very common proper nouns are part of the dictionaries on which a spell checker is based. Consequently, you are left to check your spelling of those words. Many software programs allow users to add words to the dictionary. This permission lets you incorporate proper nouns you use often into the dictionary so you will not have to address them during a spell check. You might, for example, add your name or your workplace to the dictionary. Besides adding proper nouns, you can also add your list of other words you\u2019ve commonly misspelled in the past.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

               <\/p>\n

              \n

              Common Spelling Rules<\/h2>\n

              Although they all have exceptions, common spelling rules exist and have become known as common rules because they are true most of the time. It is in your best interest to know both the rules and the common exceptions to the rules.<\/p>\n

              \n

              Common Spelling Rules<\/h3>\n
                \n
              • Rule:<\/strong> i<\/em> before e<\/em>\n

                Examples:<\/strong> belief, chief, friend, field, fiend, niece<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> either, foreign, height, leisure<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026except after c<\/em>\n

                Examples:<\/strong> receive, ceiling<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> conscience, financier, science, species<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026and in long-a<\/em> words like neighbor and weigh\n

                Examples:<\/strong> eight, feint, their, vein<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> In short-vowel accented syllables that end in a single consonant, double the consonant before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> beginning, mopped, runner, sitting, submitting<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> boxing, buses (\u201cbusses\u201d is also acceptable), circuses, taxes<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> There is no doubling if the syllable ends in two consonants, the last syllable is not accented, or the syllable does not have a short vowel.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> asking, curling; focused, opening; seated, waited<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> With words or syllables that end in a silent e<\/em>, drop the e<\/em> before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> achieving, baking, exciting, riding, surprising<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> If the suffix doesn\u2019t start with a vowel, keep the silent e<\/em>.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> achievement, lately<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> hoeing, mileage, noticeable, judgment, ninth, truly<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> With syllables that end in y<\/em>, change the y<\/em> to i<\/em> before adding a suffix (including the plural –es<\/em>).\n

                Examples:<\/strong> carries, cities, dries, enviable, ladies, luckiest, beautiful, bountiful<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> annoyance, babyish<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> Keep the final y<\/em> when it is preceded by a vowel.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> keys, monkeys, plays<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> \u2026and when the suffix begins with i<\/em>, since English words do not typically have two i<\/em>\u2019s in a row.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> babyish, carrying, marrying<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> skiing<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> When forming the plural of a proper noun, just add –s<\/em> unless the proper noun ends in ch<\/em>, s<\/em>, sh<\/em>, x<\/em>, or z<\/em>.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> Bartons, Blairs, Hubbards, Murphys, Bushes, Collinses, Lynches, Martinezes, Wilcoxes<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> When forming plurals of hyphenated nouns, use the plural form of the main word, regardless of where it falls within the word.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> brothers-in-law, clearing-houses, ex-wives, not-for-profits, runners-up, T-shirts<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> Add –es<\/em> to words ending in s<\/em>, sh<\/em>, ch<\/em>, x<\/em>, or z<\/em>.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> classes, dishes, couches, quizzes, taxes<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> epochs, monarchs (ch<\/em> spelling makes k<\/em> sound)<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in a consonant and an o<\/em>, add –es<\/em>.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, zeroes<\/p>\n

                Exceptions:<\/strong> memos, photos, zeros (also acceptable)<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in a vowel and an o<\/em>, add –s<\/em>.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> patios, radios, zoos<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> For words ending in f<\/em> or fe<\/em>, either change the f<\/em> to v<\/em> and add –s<\/em> or –es<\/em> or just add –s<\/em> with no changes.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> knives, leaves OR cuffs, roofs<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> Some words have whole word changes for the plural forms.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> children, feet, geese, mice, women<\/li>\n

              • Rule:<\/strong> Some words have the same spellings for singular and plural forms.\n

                Examples:<\/strong> deer, fish, sheep<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                \n

                Homophones<\/h2>\n

                Homophones are words that sound alike but have different spellings and different meanings. The best way to handle these words is to view them as completely separate words by connecting the spellings and the meanings rather than relying totally on the sounds. You can make mnemonics<\/span><\/span> (memory clues) to use with words that are a problem for you. Here\u2019s a small sampling of the thousand or more homophones in the English language:<\/p>\n

                \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                ad\/add<\/td>\nhim\/hymn<\/td>\nrose\/rows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ant\/aunt<\/td>\nhole\/whole<\/td>\nsail\/sale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                band\/banned<\/td>\nhour\/our<\/td>\nscene\/seen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                be\/bee<\/td>\nin\/inn<\/td>\nsew\/so\/sow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                beat\/beet<\/td>\nknead\/need<\/td>\nsight\/site<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                billed\/build<\/td>\nknew\/new<\/td>\nsoar\/sore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bold\/bowled<\/td>\nknight\/night<\/td>\nsome\/sum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bridal\/bridle<\/td>\nlead\/led<\/td>\nson\/sun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ceiling\/sealing<\/td>\nlessen\/lesson<\/td>\nsuite\/sweet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                cents\/scents\/sense<\/td>\nloan\/lone<\/td>\ntail\/tale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                chews\/choose<\/td>\nmaid\/made<\/td>\ntea\/tee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                clothes\/close<\/td>\nmight\/mite<\/td>\ntheir\/there\/they\u2019re<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                creak\/creek<\/td>\nminer\/minor<\/td>\nthrone\/thrown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                crews\/cruise<\/td>\nnone\/nun<\/td>\ntoe\/tow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                days\/daze<\/td>\npail\/pale<\/td>\ntime\/thyme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                dear\/deer<\/td>\npain\/pane<\/td>\nto\/too\/two<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                die\/dye<\/td>\npair\/pare\/pear<\/td>\nundo\/undue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                ewe\/yew\/you<\/td>\npassed\/past<\/td>\nvain\/vane\/vein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                feat\/feet<\/td>\npatience\/patients<\/td>\nvery\/vary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                fairy\/ferry<\/td>\npeace\/piece<\/td>\nwail\/wale\/whale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                flour\/flower<\/td>\npedal\/peddle\/petal<\/td>\nware\/wear\/where<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                for\/fore\/four<\/td>\nplain\/plane<\/td>\nweather\/whether<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                genes\/jeans<\/td>\npoor\/pore\/pour<\/td>\nweak\/week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                groan\/grown<\/td>\nprincipal\/principle<\/td>\nwhich\/witch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                guessed\/guest<\/td>\nrain\/reign\/rein<\/td>\nwhine\/wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                hair\/hare<\/td>\nread\/red<\/td>\nwood\/would<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                heal\/heel\/he\u2019ll<\/td>\nring\/wring<\/td>\nyoke\/yolk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                hear\/here<\/td>\nroad\/rode\/rowed<\/td>\nyour\/you\u2019re<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                \n

                Commonly Misspelled Words<\/h2>\n

                The following list includes some English words that are commonly used and often misspelled. You, personally, might or might not have problems with many of the words in the list. The important issue is for you to identify your problem words and negate the problems. You can handle your spelling problems by keeping a list of those words handy. Another way to deal with spellings that puzzle you is to use mnemonics such as those shown for the words in bold italics<\/em> on this list:<\/p>\n

                \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                abscess<\/td>\ndeterrent<\/td>\ninnocence<\/td>\nonce<\/td>\nscissors<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                accidentally<\/td>\ndiaphragm<\/td>\ninnovate<\/td>\nounce<\/td>\nseize<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                accommodate<\/td>\ndisastrous<\/td>\ninoculate<\/td>\nparaffin<\/td>\nseparate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                acquaintance<\/td>\ndiscipline<\/td>\ninsistence<\/td>\nparliament<\/td>\nseparately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                acquiesce<\/td>\ndisguise<\/td>\niridescence<\/td>\nparallel<\/td>\nsergeant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                acquire<\/td>\ndissipate<\/td>\nirrelevant<\/td>\nparticularly<\/td>\nserviceable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                acquit<\/td>\necstasy<\/td>\nirresistible<\/td>\npastime<\/td>\nseveral<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                allotted<\/td>\neffervescence<\/td>\njudgment<\/em><\/td>\npavilion<\/td>\nshriek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                all right<\/td>\nefficiency<\/td>\nknowledgeable<\/td>\npermanent<\/td>\nsiege<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                amateur<\/td>\nembarrass<\/td>\nlegible<\/td>\npermissible<\/td>\nsieve<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                anoint<\/td>\neuphemism<\/td>\nleisure<\/td>\nperseverance<\/td>\nsilhouette<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                apologize<\/td>\nexercise<\/td>\nliaison<\/td>\npersonnel<\/td>\nsimilar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                argument<\/td>\nexhilarated<\/td>\nlibrary<\/td>\npharaoh<\/td>\nsincerely<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                beautiful<\/td>\nexistence<\/td>\nlicense<\/td>\nphenomenon<\/td>\nsophomore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                benefited<\/td>\nexorcise<\/td>\nlieutenant<\/td>\npigeon<\/td>\nsouvenir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bicycle<\/td>\nextraordinary<\/td>\nlightning<\/td>\nplaywright<\/td>\nspatial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bookkeeper<\/td>\nfamiliar<\/td>\nliquefy<\/td>\nprecede<\/td>\nsubtle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bureau<\/td>\nfascinate<\/td>\nllama<\/td>\nprecedent<\/td>\nsucceed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                bourgeois<\/td>\nfatigue<\/td>\nloneliness<\/td>\nprejudice<\/td>\nsuffrage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                business<\/td>\nFebruary<\/td>\nmaintenance<\/td>\nprevalent<\/td>\nsupersede<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                calendar<\/em><\/td>\nforeign<\/td>\nmanageable<\/td>\nprivilege<\/td>\nsurprise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                camaraderie<\/td>\nforest<\/td>\nmaneuver<\/td>\nproceed<\/td>\nsymmetry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                camouflage<\/td>\nforty<\/em><\/td>\nmassacre<\/td>\npropaganda<\/td>\ntherefore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                canoeing<\/td>\nfourth<\/td>\nmayonnaise<\/td>\nquestionnaire<\/td>\nthorough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                changeable<\/td>\nfriend<\/td>\nmediocre<\/td>\nqueue<\/td>\nthrough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                chauffeur<\/td>\nfrolicking<\/td>\nmillennium<\/td>\nquiet<\/em><\/td>\ntomorrow<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                chauvinism<\/td>\ngauge<\/em><\/td>\nminiature<\/td>\nquite<\/td>\ntragedy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                collectible<\/td>\ngenealogy<\/td>\nminimum<\/td>\nquizzes<\/td>\ntransferable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                colonel<\/td>\ngovernment<\/td>\nminiscule<\/td>\nrarefy<\/td>\ntruly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                column<\/td>\ngrateful<\/td>\nmiscellaneous<\/td>\nraspberry<\/td>\ntyranny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                commitment<\/td>\nguarantee<\/td>\nmischievous<\/td>\nreceipt<\/td>\nukulele<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                committee<\/td>\nguard<\/td>\nmisspell<\/td>\nreceive<\/td>\nunfortunately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                competitive<\/td>\nguinea<\/td>\nmnemonic<\/td>\nrecommend<\/td>\nunmistakable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                completely<\/td>\nharass<\/td>\nmoccasin<\/td>\nreconciliation<\/td>\nunnecessarily<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                conceivable<\/td>\nhemorrhage<\/td>\nmonth<\/td>\nreference<\/td>\nusually<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                conciliate<\/td>\nheresy<\/td>\nmortgage<\/td>\nreferred<\/td>\nvacuum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                conscience<\/em><\/td>\nheroes<\/td>\nnauseous<\/td>\nremember<\/td>\nvariety<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                conscientious<\/td>\nhierarchy<\/td>\nnecessary<\/td>\nreminisce<\/td>\nvehicle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                conscious<\/td>\nhumorous<\/td>\nninth<\/em><\/td>\nreparable<\/td>\nvengeance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                contemptible<\/td>\nhygiene<\/td>\nnoticeable<\/td>\nrestaurant<\/td>\nvicious<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                convenience<\/td>\nhypocrisy<\/td>\nnuclear<\/td>\nresuscitator<\/td>\nvillain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                courageous<\/td>\nicicle<\/em><\/td>\nobedience<\/td>\nrhythm<\/td>\nWednesday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                criticism<\/td>\nimmediate<\/td>\noccasion<\/td>\nriveted<\/td>\nweird<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                criticize<\/td>\nincidentally<\/td>\noccurred<\/td>\nsacrilegious<\/td>\nwhether<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                daiquiri<\/td>\nincredible<\/td>\noccurrence<\/td>\nsalve<\/td>\nwhose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                descendant<\/td>\nindispensable<\/td>\nodyssey<\/td>\nsarcasm<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                desperate<\/td>\ninevitable<\/td>\nomitted<\/td>\nschedule<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                \n

                Selected Mnemonics<\/h3>\n