{"id":374,"date":"2014-07-25T20:09:59","date_gmt":"2014-07-25T20:09:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/writershandbook\/?post_type=chapter&p=374"},"modified":"2014-07-25T21:18:14","modified_gmt":"2014-07-25T21:18:14","slug":"20-6-using-adverbs-and-adjectives","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-mcc-styleguide\/chapter\/20-6-using-adverbs-and-adjectives\/","title":{"raw":"20.6 Using Adverbs and Adjectives","rendered":"20.6 Using Adverbs and Adjectives"},"content":{"raw":" \r\n
\r\n

20.6<\/span> Using Adverbs and Adjectives<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n

Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n\t
  1. Use general adverbs and adjectives correctly.<\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Use comparatives and superlatives correctly.<\/li>\r\n\t
  3. Recognize how incorrect usage of adverbs and adjectives can result in double negatives.<\/li>\r\n\t
  4. Learn the correct use of good<\/em> and well<\/em> and bad<\/em> and badly<\/em>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\nMany adverbs and adjectives are paired with slight changes in spelling (usually adverbs are formed by adding -ly<\/em> to the adjective). A few adverbs and adjectives have the same spelling (like best<\/strong>, fast<\/strong>, late<\/strong>, straight<\/strong>, low<\/strong>, and daily<\/strong>), so it is only their use that differentiates them.\r\n
    \r\n\r\nTable 20.2<\/span> Common Adverb and Adjective Pairs\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    Adjectives<\/th>\r\nAdverbs<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
    bad<\/td>\r\nbadly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    beautiful<\/td>\r\nbeautifully<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    quick<\/td>\r\nquickly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    quiet<\/td>\r\nquietly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    slow<\/td>\r\nslowly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    soft<\/td>\r\nsoftly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    sudden<\/td>\r\nsuddenly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
    \r\n

    Using Adverbs to Modify Verbs, Adjectives, and Adverbs<\/h2>\r\nAdverbs tell when<\/em>, how<\/em>, why<\/em>, where<\/em>, under what condition<\/em>, to what degree<\/em>, how often<\/em>, and how much<\/em>. Many adverbs end in -ly<\/em>, but certainly not all them. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. In the following sentences, the adverbs are in bold<\/strong> font and the words they modify are in italic<\/em> font.\r\n
      \r\n\t
    1. About a quarter million bats leave<\/em> Carlsbad Caverns nightly<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nWhen do they leave? nightly; modifies a verb<\/li>\r\n\t
    2. The bats flew<\/em> above<\/strong> our heads.\r\n\r\nWhere did they fly? above; modifies a verb<\/li>\r\n\t
    3. The bats are incredibly<\/strong> dense<\/em>.\r\n\r\nTo what degree are they dense? incredibly; modifies an adjective<\/li>\r\n\t
    4. Each little bat can change<\/em> directions amazingly fast<\/strong>!\r\n\r\nHow do they change directions? fast; modifies a verb\r\n\r\nAND To what degree do they change directions fast? amazingly; modifies an adverb<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
      \r\n

      Using Adjectives to Modify Nouns and Pronouns<\/h2>\r\nAdjectives modify nouns and pronouns and answer the questions what kind? how many?<\/em> and which one?<\/em> In the following sentences, the adjectives are in bold<\/strong> font and the words they modify are in italic<\/em> font.\r\n
        \r\n\t
      1. It takes crazy<\/strong> people<\/em> to go to a cave at 4:00 a.m. to wait for the bats to leave!\r\n\r\nWhat kind of people? crazy ones; modifies a noun<\/li>\r\n\t
      2. A few<\/strong> bats<\/em> seemed to circle above as the rest flew off.\r\n\r\nHow many bats? a few; modifies a noun<\/li>\r\n\t
      3. That<\/strong> one<\/em> almost got in my hair.\r\n\r\nWhich one? that one; modifies a pronoun<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n

        Using Comparatives and Superlatives<\/h2>\r\nMost adjectives and adverbs have three levels of intensity. The lowest level is the base, or positive, level, such as tall<\/em>. The second level is the comparative<\/span><\/span> level (taller<\/em>), and the top level is the superlative<\/span><\/span> level (tallest<\/em>). You use the base, or positive, level when you are talking about only one thing. You use the comparative level when you are comparing two things. The superlative level allows you to compare three or more things.\r\n\r\nWith short adjectives, the comparative and superlative are typically formed by adding -er<\/em> and -est<\/em>, respectively. If an adjective has three or more syllables, use the words more<\/em> or less<\/em> (comparative) and most<\/em> or least<\/em> (superlative) in front of the adjectives instead of adding suffixes. When you are unsure whether to add the suffix or a word, look up the word.\r\n
        \r\n\r\nTable 20.3<\/span> Sample Comparative and Superlative Adjectives\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Formed with -<\/strong>er<\/em> and -<\/strong>est<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        big<\/td>\r\nbigger<\/td>\r\nbiggest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        old<\/td>\r\nolder<\/td>\r\noldest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        wise<\/td>\r\nwiser<\/td>\r\nwisest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Formed by Using <\/strong>More<\/em> or <\/strong>Less<\/em> and <\/strong>Most<\/em> or <\/strong>Least<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        ambitious<\/td>\r\nmore ambitious<\/td>\r\nleast ambitious<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        generous<\/td>\r\nless generous<\/td>\r\nleast generous<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        simplistic<\/td>\r\nmore simplistic<\/td>\r\nmost simplistic<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWith adverbs, only a few of the shorter words form superlatives by adding the -er<\/em> or -est<\/em> suffixes. Rather, most of them use the addition of more<\/em> or less<\/em> and most<\/em> or least<\/em>.\r\n
        \r\n\r\nTable 20.4<\/span> Sample Comparative and Superlative Adverbs\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Formed with -<\/strong>er<\/em> and -<\/strong>est<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        early<\/td>\r\nearlier<\/td>\r\nearliest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        fast<\/td>\r\nfaster<\/td>\r\nfastest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        late<\/td>\r\nlater<\/td>\r\nlatest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Formed by Using <\/strong>More<\/em> or <\/strong>Less<\/em> and <\/strong>Most<\/em> or <\/strong>Least<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        happily<\/td>\r\nmore happily<\/td>\r\nmost happily<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        neatly<\/td>\r\nmore neatly<\/td>\r\nmost neatly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        quickly<\/td>\r\nmore quickly<\/td>\r\nmost quickly<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\nSome adjectives and adverbs form superlatives in irregular patterns instead of using the -er<\/em> or -est<\/em> suffixes or adding more<\/em> or less<\/em> and most<\/em> or least<\/em>.\r\n
        \r\n\r\nTable 20.5<\/span> Sample Adjectives That Form Superlatives Using Irregular Patterns\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        good<\/td>\r\nbetter<\/td>\r\nbest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        bad<\/td>\r\nworse<\/td>\r\nworst<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        far<\/td>\r\nfarther<\/td>\r\nfarthest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        many<\/td>\r\nmore<\/td>\r\nmost<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n\r\nTable 20.6<\/span> Sample Adverbs That Form Superlatives Using Irregular Patterns\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        badly<\/td>\r\nworse<\/td>\r\nworst<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        little<\/td>\r\nless<\/td>\r\nleast<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        much<\/td>\r\nmore<\/td>\r\nmost<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        well<\/td>\r\nbetter<\/td>\r\nbest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n

        Avoiding Double Negatives<\/h2>\r\nOne negative word changes the meaning of a sentence to mean the opposite of what the sentence would mean without the negative word. Two negative words, on the other hand, cancel each other out, resulting in a double negative that returns the sentence to its original meaning. Because of the potential for confusion, double negatives are discouraged.\r\n
        \r\n

        Example<\/h3>\r\nExample of a sentence with one negative word:<\/strong> I have never<\/strong> been to Crater Lake National Park.\r\n\r\nMeaning:<\/strong> Crater Lake is a place I have not<\/strong> visited.\r\n\r\nExample of a sentence with two negative words:<\/strong> I have not never<\/strong> been to Crater Lake National Park.\r\n\r\nMeaning:<\/strong> I have been to Crater Lake National Park.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n
        \r\n

        Using Good<\/em> and Well<\/em> and Bad<\/em> and Badly<\/em> Correctly<\/h2>\r\nTwo sets of adverbs and adjectives that are often used erroneously are good<\/em> and well<\/em> and bad<\/em> and badly<\/em>. The problem people usually have with these two words is that the adverb forms (well<\/em> and badly<\/em>) are often used in place of the adjective forms (good<\/em> and bad<\/em>) or vice versa. In addition, well<\/em> can be used as an adjective meaning \u201chealthy.\u201d If you have problems with these two sets of words, it could help to keep the following chart taped to your computer until you change your habits with these words.\r\n
        \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
        Situations<\/th>\r\nCorrect Examples<\/th>\r\nExplanation<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
        The word well<\/em> is typically used as an adverb.<\/td>\r\nI wasn\u2019t feeling very well<\/strong> on the day we first drove through Theodore Roosevelt National Park.<\/td>\r\nThe words very<\/em> and well<\/em> are both adverbs. The word very<\/em> modifies well<\/em>, and well<\/em> modifies feeling<\/em>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Sometimes forms of the verbs feel<\/em>, be<\/em>, and look<\/em> can be used to describe a person\u2019s health. In such cases, the word well<\/em> can serve as an adjective that means \u201chealthy\u201d and refers back to the noun.<\/td>\r\nWatching buffalo roam always makes me feel strong and well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\nThe word well<\/em> is used as an adjective just like strong<\/em>. Both words modify me<\/em>. The four sentences with well<\/em> refer to physical health.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I am well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I feel well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I\u2019m feeling well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The buffaloes looked well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I am good<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\nThe four sentences with good<\/em> refer to emotional state but not physical health.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I feel good<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I\u2019m feeling good<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The buffalo looked good<\/strong> with the cliffs behind them.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The word good<\/em> is an adjective. It is never used as an adverb.<\/td>\r\nA trip through Theodore Roosevelt National Park is a good<\/strong> chance to see herds of buffalo in their natural state.<\/td>\r\nThe word good<\/em> is an adjective modifying chance<\/em>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        People often make statements such as \u201cI run real good.\u201d In reality, \u201creal good\u201d is never a really good combination of words!<\/td>\r\nI run really well<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\nIn the first sentence, the word really<\/em> is an adverb modifying another adverb. Since adjectives modify neither adverbs nor adjectives, you cannot use the combination real well<\/em> or real good<\/em>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        My running is a really good<\/strong> example of my ability to dedicate myself to an activity.<\/td>\r\nIn the second sentence, really<\/em> is an adverb modifying good<\/em>, which is an adjective that is modifying example<\/em>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The word bad<\/em> is an adjective.<\/td>\r\nThat\u2019s a bad<\/strong> picture of me with the buffalo since I look like I am afraid for my life.<\/td>\r\nThe adjective bad<\/em> modifies the noun picture<\/em>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Sometimes a sentence seems like it should take the adverb badly<\/em> when it actually needs the adjective bad<\/em>. The linking verbs be<\/em>, feel<\/em>, look<\/em>, and sound<\/em> can all be followed by the adjective bad<\/em>.<\/td>\r\nI am bad<\/strong> when it comes to being on time.<\/td>\r\nEach of these sentences uses bad<\/em> correctly since their verbs are linking verbs.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        I felt bad<\/strong> about missing the first herd of buffalo.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The land looks bad<\/strong>, but the buffalo seem to be able to find food.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        Buffalo might sound bad<\/strong>, but they are really calm animals.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
        The word badly<\/em> is an adverb.<\/td>\r\nI chose badly<\/strong> when I walked between a mother buffalo and her baby.<\/td>\r\nThe adverb badly<\/em> modifies the verb chose<\/em>. The adverb badly<\/em> usually answers the question how?<\/em>, as it does in this case\u2014How did I choose? (badly)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
        \r\n

        Key Takeaways<\/h3>\r\n
          \r\n\t
        • The key to using adverbs and adjectives correctly is paying attention to standard adverb and adjective rules, such as the fact that adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs and adjectives modify only nouns and pronouns.<\/li>\r\n\t
        • The comparatives and superlatives of most one- and two-syllable adjectives are formed by adding -er<\/em> and -est<\/em>. For adjectives with three or more syllables, the words more<\/em>, less<\/em>, most<\/em>, and least<\/em> are used with the adjective. Some smaller adverbs form comparatives and superlatives by adding -er<\/em> and -est<\/em>, but most of the comparative and superlatives of adverbs are formed by using the words more<\/em>, less<\/em>, most<\/em>, and least<\/em> with the adverbs. Some adjectives and some adverbs have irregularly formed comparatives and superlatives that you simply must learn, such as good<\/em>, better<\/em>, and best<\/em>.<\/li>\r\n\t
        • Double negatives within a sentence reverse the negative state and turn the negative connotation into a positive one.<\/li>\r\n\t
        • It is wise to pay close attention to the guidelines for using the adverbs and adjectives good<\/em>, well<\/em>, bad<\/em>, and badly<\/em> since their use is both irregular and somewhat ambiguous.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
          \r\n

          Exercise<\/h3>\r\n
            \r\n\t
          1. Use each of the following words in a sentence and identify the usage as adjective<\/em> or adverb<\/em>:\r\n
              \r\n\t
            1. beautiful<\/li>\r\n\t
            2. quietly<\/li>\r\n\t
            3. low<\/li>\r\n\t
            4. luckily<\/li>\r\n\t
            5. sweetly<\/li>\r\n\t
            6. better<\/li>\r\n\t
            7. finest<\/li>\r\n\t
            8. never<\/li>\r\n\t
            9. good<\/li>\r\n\t
            10. well<\/li>\r\n\t
            11. bad<\/li>\r\n\t
            12. badly<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n ","rendered":"

               <\/p>\n

              \n

              20.6<\/span> Using Adverbs and Adjectives<\/h2>\n
              \n

              Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n
                \n
              1. Use general adverbs and adjectives correctly.<\/li>\n
              2. Use comparatives and superlatives correctly.<\/li>\n
              3. Recognize how incorrect usage of adverbs and adjectives can result in double negatives.<\/li>\n
              4. Learn the correct use of good<\/em> and well<\/em> and bad<\/em> and badly<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

                Many adverbs and adjectives are paired with slight changes in spelling (usually adverbs are formed by adding –ly<\/em> to the adjective). A few adverbs and adjectives have the same spelling (like best<\/strong>, fast<\/strong>, late<\/strong>, straight<\/strong>, low<\/strong>, and daily<\/strong>), so it is only their use that differentiates them.<\/p>\n

                \n

                Table 20.2<\/span> Common Adverb and Adjective Pairs<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                Adjectives<\/th>\nAdverbs<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                bad<\/td>\nbadly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                beautiful<\/td>\nbeautifully<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                quick<\/td>\nquickly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                quiet<\/td>\nquietly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                slow<\/td>\nslowly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                soft<\/td>\nsoftly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                sudden<\/td>\nsuddenly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                \n

                Using Adverbs to Modify Verbs, Adjectives, and Adverbs<\/h2>\n

                Adverbs tell when<\/em>, how<\/em>, why<\/em>, where<\/em>, under what condition<\/em>, to what degree<\/em>, how often<\/em>, and how much<\/em>. Many adverbs end in –ly<\/em>, but certainly not all them. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. In the following sentences, the adverbs are in bold<\/strong> font and the words they modify are in italic<\/em> font.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. About a quarter million bats leave<\/em> Carlsbad Caverns nightly<\/strong>.\n

                  When do they leave? nightly; modifies a verb<\/li>\n

                2. The bats flew<\/em> above<\/strong> our heads.\n

                  Where did they fly? above; modifies a verb<\/li>\n

                3. The bats are incredibly<\/strong> dense<\/em>.\n

                  To what degree are they dense? incredibly; modifies an adjective<\/li>\n

                4. Each little bat can change<\/em> directions amazingly fast<\/strong>!\n

                  How do they change directions? fast; modifies a verb<\/p>\n

                  AND To what degree do they change directions fast? amazingly; modifies an adverb<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

                  \n

                  Using Adjectives to Modify Nouns and Pronouns<\/h2>\n

                  Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns and answer the questions what kind? how many?<\/em> and which one?<\/em> In the following sentences, the adjectives are in bold<\/strong> font and the words they modify are in italic<\/em> font.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. It takes crazy<\/strong> people<\/em> to go to a cave at 4:00 a.m. to wait for the bats to leave!\n

                    What kind of people? crazy ones; modifies a noun<\/li>\n

                  2. A few<\/strong> bats<\/em> seemed to circle above as the rest flew off.\n

                    How many bats? a few; modifies a noun<\/li>\n

                  3. That<\/strong> one<\/em> almost got in my hair.\n

                    Which one? that one; modifies a pronoun<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

                    \n

                    Using Comparatives and Superlatives<\/h2>\n

                    Most adjectives and adverbs have three levels of intensity. The lowest level is the base, or positive, level, such as tall<\/em>. The second level is the comparative<\/span><\/span> level (taller<\/em>), and the top level is the superlative<\/span><\/span> level (tallest<\/em>). You use the base, or positive, level when you are talking about only one thing. You use the comparative level when you are comparing two things. The superlative level allows you to compare three or more things.<\/p>\n

                    With short adjectives, the comparative and superlative are typically formed by adding –er<\/em> and –est<\/em>, respectively. If an adjective has three or more syllables, use the words more<\/em> or less<\/em> (comparative) and most<\/em> or least<\/em> (superlative) in front of the adjectives instead of adding suffixes. When you are unsure whether to add the suffix or a word, look up the word.<\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Table 20.3<\/span> Sample Comparative and Superlative Adjectives<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    Formed with –<\/strong>er<\/em> and –<\/strong>est<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    big<\/td>\nbigger<\/td>\nbiggest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    old<\/td>\nolder<\/td>\noldest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    wise<\/td>\nwiser<\/td>\nwisest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Formed by Using <\/strong>More<\/em> or <\/strong>Less<\/em> and <\/strong>Most<\/em> or <\/strong>Least<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    ambitious<\/td>\nmore ambitious<\/td>\nleast ambitious<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    generous<\/td>\nless generous<\/td>\nleast generous<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    simplistic<\/td>\nmore simplistic<\/td>\nmost simplistic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                    With adverbs, only a few of the shorter words form superlatives by adding the –er<\/em> or –est<\/em> suffixes. Rather, most of them use the addition of more<\/em> or less<\/em> and most<\/em> or least<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Table 20.4<\/span> Sample Comparative and Superlative Adverbs<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    Formed with –<\/strong>er<\/em> and –<\/strong>est<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    early<\/td>\nearlier<\/td>\nearliest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    fast<\/td>\nfaster<\/td>\nfastest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    late<\/td>\nlater<\/td>\nlatest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Formed by Using <\/strong>More<\/em> or <\/strong>Less<\/em> and <\/strong>Most<\/em> or <\/strong>Least<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    happily<\/td>\nmore happily<\/td>\nmost happily<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    neatly<\/td>\nmore neatly<\/td>\nmost neatly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    quickly<\/td>\nmore quickly<\/td>\nmost quickly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                    Some adjectives and adverbs form superlatives in irregular patterns instead of using the –er<\/em> or –est<\/em> suffixes or adding more<\/em> or less<\/em> and most<\/em> or least<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Table 20.5<\/span> Sample Adjectives That Form Superlatives Using Irregular Patterns<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    good<\/td>\nbetter<\/td>\nbest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    bad<\/td>\nworse<\/td>\nworst<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    far<\/td>\nfarther<\/td>\nfarthest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    many<\/td>\nmore<\/td>\nmost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n

                    Table 20.6<\/span> Sample Adverbs That Form Superlatives Using Irregular Patterns<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    badly<\/td>\nworse<\/td>\nworst<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    little<\/td>\nless<\/td>\nleast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    much<\/td>\nmore<\/td>\nmost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    well<\/td>\nbetter<\/td>\nbest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n

                    Avoiding Double Negatives<\/h2>\n

                    One negative word changes the meaning of a sentence to mean the opposite of what the sentence would mean without the negative word. Two negative words, on the other hand, cancel each other out, resulting in a double negative that returns the sentence to its original meaning. Because of the potential for confusion, double negatives are discouraged.<\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Example<\/h3>\n

                    Example of a sentence with one negative word:<\/strong> I have never<\/strong> been to Crater Lake National Park.<\/p>\n

                    Meaning:<\/strong> Crater Lake is a place I have not<\/strong> visited.<\/p>\n

                    Example of a sentence with two negative words:<\/strong> I have not never<\/strong> been to Crater Lake National Park.<\/p>\n

                    Meaning:<\/strong> I have been to Crater Lake National Park.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                    \n

                    Using Good<\/em> and Well<\/em> and Bad<\/em> and Badly<\/em> Correctly<\/h2>\n

                    Two sets of adverbs and adjectives that are often used erroneously are good<\/em> and well<\/em> and bad<\/em> and badly<\/em>. The problem people usually have with these two words is that the adverb forms (well<\/em> and badly<\/em>) are often used in place of the adjective forms (good<\/em> and bad<\/em>) or vice versa. In addition, well<\/em> can be used as an adjective meaning \u201chealthy.\u201d If you have problems with these two sets of words, it could help to keep the following chart taped to your computer until you change your habits with these words.<\/p>\n

                    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    Situations<\/th>\nCorrect Examples<\/th>\nExplanation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                    The word well<\/em> is typically used as an adverb.<\/td>\nI wasn\u2019t feeling very well<\/strong> on the day we first drove through Theodore Roosevelt National Park.<\/td>\nThe words very<\/em> and well<\/em> are both adverbs. The word very<\/em> modifies well<\/em>, and well<\/em> modifies feeling<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Sometimes forms of the verbs feel<\/em>, be<\/em>, and look<\/em> can be used to describe a person\u2019s health. In such cases, the word well<\/em> can serve as an adjective that means \u201chealthy\u201d and refers back to the noun.<\/td>\nWatching buffalo roam always makes me feel strong and well<\/strong>.<\/td>\nThe word well<\/em> is used as an adjective just like strong<\/em>. Both words modify me<\/em>. The four sentences with well<\/em> refer to physical health.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I am well<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I feel well<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I\u2019m feeling well<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The buffaloes looked well<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I am good<\/strong>.<\/td>\nThe four sentences with good<\/em> refer to emotional state but not physical health.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I feel good<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I\u2019m feeling good<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The buffalo looked good<\/strong> with the cliffs behind them.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The word good<\/em> is an adjective. It is never used as an adverb.<\/td>\nA trip through Theodore Roosevelt National Park is a good<\/strong> chance to see herds of buffalo in their natural state.<\/td>\nThe word good<\/em> is an adjective modifying chance<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    People often make statements such as \u201cI run real good.\u201d In reality, \u201creal good\u201d is never a really good combination of words!<\/td>\nI run really well<\/strong>.<\/td>\nIn the first sentence, the word really<\/em> is an adverb modifying another adverb. Since adjectives modify neither adverbs nor adjectives, you cannot use the combination real well<\/em> or real good<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    My running is a really good<\/strong> example of my ability to dedicate myself to an activity.<\/td>\nIn the second sentence, really<\/em> is an adverb modifying good<\/em>, which is an adjective that is modifying example<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The word bad<\/em> is an adjective.<\/td>\nThat\u2019s a bad<\/strong> picture of me with the buffalo since I look like I am afraid for my life.<\/td>\nThe adjective bad<\/em> modifies the noun picture<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Sometimes a sentence seems like it should take the adverb badly<\/em> when it actually needs the adjective bad<\/em>. The linking verbs be<\/em>, feel<\/em>, look<\/em>, and sound<\/em> can all be followed by the adjective bad<\/em>.<\/td>\nI am bad<\/strong> when it comes to being on time.<\/td>\nEach of these sentences uses bad<\/em> correctly since their verbs are linking verbs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    I felt bad<\/strong> about missing the first herd of buffalo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The land looks bad<\/strong>, but the buffalo seem to be able to find food.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    Buffalo might sound bad<\/strong>, but they are really calm animals.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    The word badly<\/em> is an adverb.<\/td>\nI chose badly<\/strong> when I walked between a mother buffalo and her baby.<\/td>\nThe adverb badly<\/em> modifies the verb chose<\/em>. The adverb badly<\/em> usually answers the question how?<\/em>, as it does in this case\u2014How did I choose? (badly)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n

                    Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n