{"id":401,"date":"2014-07-25T20:10:00","date_gmt":"2014-07-25T20:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/writershandbook\/?post_type=chapter&p=401"},"modified":"2014-07-25T21:22:10","modified_gmt":"2014-07-25T21:22:10","slug":"22-3-quoting-paraphrasing-and-summarizing","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-mcc-styleguide\/chapter\/22-3-quoting-paraphrasing-and-summarizing\/","title":{"raw":"22.3 Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing","rendered":"22.3 Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing"},"content":{"raw":" \r\n
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22.3<\/span> Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing<\/h2>\r\nWhen you quote another writer\u2019s exact words, you will have to identify the page number within the source where you found the quotation or the paragraph number if the source is taken from an online format or database that does not indicate the original print pagination. Note that only APA allows the use of \u201cp.\u201d or \u201cpp.\u201d\r\n
\r\n\r\nTable 22.1<\/span> Citing Quotations\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/th>\r\nAPA<\/th>\r\nMLA<\/th>\r\nCMS<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Explanation<\/td>\r\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (p. #). Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name, year, p. #).<\/td>\r\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (#). Include the author\u2019s name either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name #)<\/td>\r\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (#). Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name year, #)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Long Quotations (forty words or more):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text without quotations. Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name, year, p. #).<\/td>\r\nLong Quotations (more than four lines):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text without quotations. Include the author\u2019s name either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name #).<\/td>\r\nLong Quotations (one hundred words or eight lines):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text and do not use quotations. Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end: (name year, #).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Example #1<\/td>\r\nAccording to Fullan (2001), \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (p. 107).<\/td>\r\nAccording to Fullan, \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (107).<\/td>\r\nAccording to Fullan (2001), \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (107).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Example #2<\/td>\r\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan, 2001, p. 107).<\/td>\r\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan 107).<\/td>\r\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan 2001, 107).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\nParaphrased and summarized text is cited within text in the same way that quoted material is cited except that quotations are not used. In APA style, you do not need to include page numbers in this case, but MLA and CMS, on the other hand, do still require page numbers, when they are available.\r\n
\r\n\r\nTable 22.2<\/span> Citing Paraphrased or Summarized Text\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/th>\r\nAPA<\/th>\r\nMLA<\/th>\r\nCMS<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Explanation<\/td>\r\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name immediately followed by the date in parentheses (year) OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma and the year (name, year). No quotation marks or page numbers are needed.<\/td>\r\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name and, at the end of the summary or paraphrase, include the page number in parentheses (#). If no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by the page number (name #). No quotation marks or dates are needed.<\/td>\r\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name immediately followed by the date in parentheses (year) and the page number at the end of the sentence (#). OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma, the year, a comma, and the page number (name, year, #). No quotation marks are needed.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Example #1<\/td>\r\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms.<\/td>\r\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159).<\/td>\r\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Example #2<\/td>\r\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008).<\/td>\r\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld 159).<\/td>\r\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008, 159).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ","rendered":"

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22.3<\/span> Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing<\/h2>\n

When you quote another writer\u2019s exact words, you will have to identify the page number within the source where you found the quotation or the paragraph number if the source is taken from an online format or database that does not indicate the original print pagination. Note that only APA allows the use of \u201cp.\u201d or \u201cpp.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Table 22.1<\/span> Citing Quotations<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nAPA<\/th>\nMLA<\/th>\nCMS<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Explanation<\/td>\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (p. #). Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name, year, p. #).<\/td>\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (#). Include the author\u2019s name either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name #)<\/td>\nShort Quotations:<\/strong> Place within quotation marks and follow with page number in parentheses (#). Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name year, #)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Long Quotations (forty words or more):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text without quotations. Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name, year, p. #).<\/td>\nLong Quotations (more than four lines):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text without quotations. Include the author\u2019s name either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end (name #).<\/td>\nLong Quotations (one hundred words or eight lines):<\/strong> Place in an inset block of text and do not use quotations. Include the author\u2019s name and date either in a signal phrase before the quotation or at the end: (name year, #).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Example #1<\/td>\nAccording to Fullan (2001), \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (p. 107).<\/td>\nAccording to Fullan, \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (107).<\/td>\nAccording to Fullan (2001), \u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (107).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Example #2<\/td>\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan, 2001, p. 107).<\/td>\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan 107).<\/td>\n\u201cEducational change depends on what teachers do and think\u2014it\u2019s as simple and complex as that\u201d (Fullan 2001, 107).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Paraphrased and summarized text is cited within text in the same way that quoted material is cited except that quotations are not used. In APA style, you do not need to include page numbers in this case, but MLA and CMS, on the other hand, do still require page numbers, when they are available.<\/p>\n

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Table 22.2<\/span> Citing Paraphrased or Summarized Text<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\nAPA<\/th>\nMLA<\/th>\nCMS<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Explanation<\/td>\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name immediately followed by the date in parentheses (year) OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma and the year (name, year). No quotation marks or page numbers are needed.<\/td>\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name and, at the end of the summary or paraphrase, include the page number in parentheses (#). If no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by the page number (name #). No quotation marks or dates are needed.<\/td>\nIn a signal phrase before the paraphrase or summary, include the author\u2019s last name immediately followed by the date in parentheses (year) and the page number at the end of the sentence (#). OR, if no signal phrase is used, include the author\u2019s last name at the end of the paraphrase or summary followed by a comma, the year, a comma, and the page number (name, year, #). No quotation marks are needed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Example #1<\/td>\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms.<\/td>\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159).<\/td>\nAs Rosenfeld (2008) states, teachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (159).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Example #2<\/td>\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008).<\/td>\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld 159).<\/td>\nTeachers have to both understand and be comfortable with technology before they will be able to take technology into their classrooms (Rosenfeld, 2008, 159).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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