Additional Exercises
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If the atomic radius of sodium atoms is 1.86 × 10−10 m, how many sodium atoms are needed to make a line that is 1.00 cm in length?
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If the atomic radius of osmium atoms is 1.34 × 10−10 m, how many osmium atoms are needed to make a line that is 5.85 m in length?
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What might be the electron configuration of K+, an atom that has lost an electron?
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What might be the electron configuration of Cl−, an atom that has gained an additional electron?
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The electron configuration of the Ti atom is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d2. What is the valence shell electron configuration of Ti?
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The electron configuration of the Ge atom is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p2. What is the valence shell electron configuration of Ge?
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What is the mass of an electron in atomic mass units?
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In a footnote in this chapter, an alpha particle was defined as a particle with 2 protons and 2 neutrons. What is the mass, in grams, of an alpha particle? (Hint: what element does an alpha particle resemble?)
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A sample of the nonexistent element mythium consists of 25.59% of an isotope with mass of 579.99 u, 32.74% of an isotope with mass of 581.99 u, and 41.67% of an isotope with mass of 580.99 u. What is the atomic mass of mythium?
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Because the distribution of isotopes is different on different planets in the solar system, the average atomic mass of any element differs from planet to planet. Assume that on Mercury, a rather hot planet, there is more deuterium left in the atmosphere than on Earth, so that 92.55% of the hydrogen on Mercury is H-1 (mass 1.008 u), while the remainder is H-2 (mass 2.014 u). What is the atomic mass of hydrogen on Mercury?
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The compound that sodium makes with chlorine has sodium and chlorine atoms in a 1:1 ratio. Name two other elements that should make a compound having a 1:1 ratio of atoms with sodium.
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The compound that magnesium makes with oxygen has magnesium to oxygen atoms in a 1:1 ratio. Name two other elements that should make a compound having a 1:1 ratio of atoms with magnesium.