{"id":568,"date":"2017-06-20T17:39:44","date_gmt":"2017-06-20T17:39:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/chapter\/chapter-6-creative-activity-and-lesson-planning\/"},"modified":"2017-09-12T15:30:31","modified_gmt":"2017-09-12T15:30:31","slug":"chapter-6-creative-activity-and-lesson-planning","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/chapter\/chapter-6-creative-activity-and-lesson-planning\/","title":{"raw":"Chapter 6: Creative Activity and Lesson Planning","rendered":"Chapter 6: Creative Activity and Lesson Planning"},"content":{"raw":"<div id=\"_idContainer354\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Chapter Summary<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"ch-title\">This chapter looks at creative ideas for approaching and planning a successful music lesson, including a guided outline, models of full lessons, and classroom management tips.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>I. Lesson Plans as a Creative Activity<\/h1>\r\nAt some point or other, students in education programs are required to write lesson plans.Often, however, the meaning of writing a lesson plan becomes lost in the academic process, and the lesson\u2019s grade becomes the goal rather than the meaningful construction of the lesson and learning the technique of organizing your thoughts. Often students believe that writing a lesson plan is only used in a classroom setting. The reality is, however, that <em>all<\/em> professions require the organization of a plan of action to be carried out, including an articulation of goals and objectives to reach them, followed by a reflection or assessment of the effectiveness. In other professions, you might be asked for a plan of action composed of three inherent questions: 1) What are you going to do? 2) How are you going to do it? and 3) How will you assess what you\u2019ve done? In education, a lesson plan is nothing more than a plan of action with the same three questions: 1) What are you going to teach? 2) How are you going to teach it? and 3) How will you assess what you have taught?\r\n<h2>Lesson Plan Preparation: Start With (Musical) Inspiration!<\/h2>\r\nMuch of the time as a teacher, you will be required to teach a certain set curriculum in the classroom that conforms to the Common Core State Standards (see Chapter 3). However, this doesn\u2019t mean that the lesson has to be devoid of inspiration. Whatever your content area, there is probably an arts-related activity that can be applied or integrated (see Chapter 12 for Arts Integration information). It is much easier to create a good lesson plan if you are inspired. Your inspiration for a music or integrated lesson plan can be a song, an instrument, timbre, vocal sound, poem, story, rhythm, speech pattern, etc.\r\n\r\n<em>Creative problem solving<\/em> requires that you be able to see and manipulate your lesson material in unique ways to reach all types of student learners. The music education methods of Orff, Dalcroze, Kod\u00e1ly, etc., offer easily implemented solutions to add layers of cognitively challenging musical activities to something as simple as a song. When developing your lesson, start by thinking outside of the box.\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-1\">\r\n<div class=\"Blurb\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>activity 6a: Try this<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"activity-content\">How can I make the lesson interesting? Challenging? What might I be able to add to a lesson to increase its effectiveness for the learner\u2014e.g., movement? rhythm? instruments?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"activity-content\">Below are a few ways to challenge students physically, cognitively, and multi-modally just with a simple song. The first rule is not to be afraid of experimenting with sound, using either your own voice, various instruments, or maybe even the walls, doors, floors, chairs, and surroundings, all of which have their own unique timbres to explore!<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Musically creative lesson planning<\/h1>\r\n<table id=\"table001-5\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Musically Creative Lesson Planning<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Begin with the list of music elements and vocabulary from Chapter 2. Select a song, then brainstorm different ways of performing the song using what you\u2019ve learned. For example:<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Vocal<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song <em>a capella<\/em> (without instrumental accompaniment)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a speech rhythm ostinato<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a melodic ostinato using voices<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a drone using voices<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Dynamics, Tempo, Form<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song changing tempos on different sections, phrases, or measures<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song changing dynamics on different sections, phrases, or measures<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song alternating phrases or sections between two groups of singers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Body Percussion<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by clapping<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by patsching<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by tapping<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Instruments<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato on an unpitched percussion instrument<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add a bordun ostinato or drone on a pitched percussion instrument<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Add more than one bordun on multiple instruments<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Play only metal instruments, or wood instruments, etc.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"table-list\">Do endless combinations of all of the above<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h2>Creative Exploration of Classroom Instruments<\/h2>\r\nInspiration can come from anywhere, including the arsenal of classroom and children\u2019s instruments available. Classroom instruments are much more than noisemakers to accompany songs. There are many creative ways to use these inexpensive instruments to help and inspire you, and which will fire up a child\u2019s imagination. Here are a few instruments typically found in classrooms, or that can be purchased inexpensively at a music store or online. This list is by no means exhaustive, but it does provide a wide range of commonly used instruments from Western and world cultures.\r\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Typical classroom instruments<\/h1>\r\n<table id=\"table002-4\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Xylophones<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Metallophones<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Glockenspiels<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Boomwhackers<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Recorders<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Slide whistles<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Jingle bells<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Kokoriko<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Castanets<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Bells<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Agogo bells (African double bell)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Shekere (African gourd shaker)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Maracas<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Triangle<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Cymbals (finger, crash, suspended)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tambourines<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Timpani<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Gongs<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Bongos<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Temple blocks<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Steel drum<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Hand drum<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Conga drums<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Claves<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Cowbell<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Djembe<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rainmaker<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rhythm blocks<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Sand blocks<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Panpipes<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Ocarina<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Piano<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Mbira (thumb piano)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Guiro<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tick tock<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tone block<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Vibra slap<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Wood block<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Guitar<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Violin<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Chimes<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nThinking about the source of sound production and materials will lead you to the field of <span class=\"vocab\">organology<\/span>, or the classification of musical instruments. Instruments all over the world can be grouped into five categories based on the Sachs-Hornbostel instrument classification system. This system groups the instruments by the way in which sound is produced. They are:\r\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Aerophones<\/span>:<\/strong> Instruments that produce sound by using air as the primary vibrating means. (e.g., flutes, horns, whistles).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Membranophones<\/span><\/strong>: Instruments that produce sound by means of vibrating a stretched membrane (e.g., drums)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Chordophones<\/span><\/strong>: A term used for stringed instruments. Refers to an instrument sounded by bowing, plucking, or striking a string that is stretched between two fixed points. (e.g., violins)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Idiophones<\/span>:<\/strong> Instruments that produce sound from the material of the instrument itself. Idiophones produce sounds from the following methods and represent the largest category of classroom instruments.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Percussion<\/span>:<\/strong> instrument caused to vibrate by striking it with a non-vibrating object such as a mallet or stick<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Shaken<\/span>:<\/strong> sound produced by small particles contained within the instrument<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Scraped<\/span>:<\/strong> sound produced by scraping the instrument with a stick<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Plucked<\/span><\/strong>: instruments with a flexible tongue that is plucked to vibrate<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Concussion<\/span><\/strong>: two similar objects struck together to create sound<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Stamping<\/span><\/strong>: striking the object on a hard surface to vibrate the object<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Electrophones<\/span><\/strong>: Refers to electronic instruments that either have their sound generated electronically or acoustic instruments that have their sounds amplified<\/p>\r\nThe Sachs-Hornbostel list, however, is only one way to think about instruments. Children often come up with very imaginative ways to group instruments based on characteristics other than sound production. Children can explore the timbre, production, and material of the instruments to come up with their own ways of categorizing them. After students explore and group instruments, they can develop their own instrumentation for a piece, then vary it. Below is a list of other ways to think about instruments besides the way the sound is produced, such as its timbre or similar sound; physical attributes, etc.\r\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Examples of different ways children can categorize instruments.<\/h1>\r\n<table id=\"table003-4\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\"><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Terminology<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Explanation<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Physical Attributes:<\/h2>\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">e.g. Color, size, shape<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">round, tube, big, medium, small, rectangular, long, short, hollow, solid, jingles, ridges, skin\/membrane, brown, silver, red, low pitch, high pitch<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">For younger children, one of the most obvious types of recognition belongs to color, shape, and size\u2014attributes they are identifying in other subjects. They may want to group instruments by their color, how big or small, and their shape. Musically, the shape of the instrument is important since the shape is directly related to sound and sound production. The smaller the instrument, the higher the pitch, for example.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Material<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Metal, wood, metal and wood, plastic, wire, string, skin<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">This type of grouping brings students to another level of understanding in terms of discussing the sound of the instruments. What an instrument is made of has a direct effect on its timbre. The challenge here is that some instruments, such as the tambourine, contain more than one type of material. Ask students how they might label such instruments.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Timbre<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rattly-sounding, woody, metallic, jingly, high, thin, low, loud, soft, hollow, smooth, rough<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">An instrument\u2019s timbre is directly related to its size, material, and even shape. All of the above properties affect the sound production of an instrument<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Melody-Making Ability<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">plays a song, doesn\u2019t play a song; pitched, unpitched<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Children may find other unique ways of classifying instruments such as whether the instrument can play a melody. This classification concerns Pitched instruments or Unpitched instruments.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Culture of Origin<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Sub-Saharan Africa, North America, South America<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Another way of classifying is to know the country or culture of origin for the instruments. This related to musical instruments and their community<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\r\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Multi-Purpose Use<\/h2>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">Used for activities other than music making<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">While most classroom instruments only have one use, there are many instruments that serve other purposes such as for cooking. The cowbell, for example, is an instrument that has another purpose besides its musical one.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-1\">\r\n<div class=\"Blurb\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>activity 6b: Try This<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"activity-content\">The instruments on the Typical Classroom Instrument list above are random, and not categorized purposefully in any way. See if you can develop other ways of classifying these instruments in addition to the ways listed. How could you use this classification to create a lesson on science? Physics? Math? History? Social science? World history?<\/p>\r\nStart thinking scientifically and creatively about this list. How might you <em>approach<\/em> or <em>use<\/em> these instruments when creating a lesson plan? Here are a few questions that might help in thinking about the instruments.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h5>Suggested Questions<\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>What do the instruments have in common?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Where do the instruments come from (culture of origin)?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What materials are they made of? <em>(wood, metal, plastic)<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>How are they played? <em>(shaken, hit, struck with mallet, scraped, blown, pulled, etc.)<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>What special sounds can they make? <em>(jingles, shakes, thumps, scrapes)<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Where is the sound coming from (how is the sound produced)? <em>(a hollow tube, the instrument itself vibrates, a vibrating string)<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>What do the instruments sound like? <em>(harsh, metallic, hollow, soft, smooth, mellow, high, low, etc.)<\/em><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>II. Lesson Planning<\/h1>\r\nBelow are some guidelines for creating a lesson plan. Regardless of subject, method, and additional requirements, all lesson plans contain the same basic structure and four core components:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Goals and objectives: What will students be able to do when I\u2019ve finished teaching my lesson?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Standards: Common Core or National Standards: Which state content and developmental standards are addressed in my lesson?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Procedure: A step-by-step listing of your actions\u2014core lesson in which you creatively assemble and format the material to present to your students in order to achieve your goals and objectives.\r\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">a. What types of instructional input will I use (e.g., lecture, demonstration, modeling, guided practice, independent practice)?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">b. Which educational theories will I include (e.g., Bloom, Gardner, different types of learners)?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">c. How will I capture learners\u2019 attention and engage them?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">d. What critical thinking will I implement?<a id=\"_idTextAnchor015\"><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">e. Close the procedure section with a wrap-up and find ways to extend the lesson concepts in future activities<a id=\"_idTextAnchor016\"><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Assessment: How will I know my students learned the material? How might I modify the material if I did not reach my goals or if students need accommodation?<a id=\"_idTextAnchor017\"><\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h2>Preparing for the Lesson<\/h2>\r\nGather your thoughts and materials on the following before beginning your lesson:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Prerequisites: What do the students already know?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Concept(s), vocabulary, experiences: What new concepts am I going to teach? Where do I want to take them?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Materials: What materials will I need?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Parts of a Lesson<\/h2>\r\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Lesson plan title<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Grade level<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Length of class (time)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Type of class: Regular, inclusive<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Materials and Resources<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>List the materials you will need to teach the lesson or cite the location of any resources.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Goals and Objectives<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>What will the students be able to do as a result of this lesson that they couldn\u2019t do before?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What concepts and vocabulary will be taught?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What processes will you use to teach those concepts and vocabulary?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Common Core Standards<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Which Common Core standards are addressed in the lesson?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Core Lesson Procedures<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><em>Opening activity\/Energizer\/Warm-up<\/em>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sometimes called an \u201cenergizer,\u201d the opening statement provides an attention-grabbing focus and an <em>invitation<\/em> to the lesson.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>Main lesson<\/em>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Includes instructional input such as a lecture, demo, modeling, guided practice, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Outline all of the steps that the teacher will do to get the students to achieve the goals (use action words).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>Closure and extension<\/em>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Wrap up the lesson with a summary or question.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Think of ways to extend your lesson.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Assessment<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>How will you know if the lesson was effective?\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Observe students as they work or perform. Ask questions, get feedback, check for facial expressions and body language, etc.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Did your lesson meet your goals and objectives above?<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>Modifications\/accommodations<\/em>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Adjust for any special needs students in the class.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #1: Teaching a Song<\/h1>\r\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d Using Rote<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Kindergarten\u2013first grade<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Length of class:<\/span> 40 minutes<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Type of class:<\/span> Regular<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Game song: \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sing the folk song \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recognize the long-short, long-short <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> \u201chorse trot\u201d rhythmic patterns in the song<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Patsch the rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> on their legs while saying long-short long short<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gallop\/move to the long-short rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">National Common Core Arts Standards in Music<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>With (limited) guidance, perform music with expression. MU: Pr6.1.Ka\/1a<\/li>\r\n \t<li>With guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of musical contrasts (such as high\/low, loud\/soft, same\/different) in a variety of music selected for performance. MU:Pr4.2.Ka\/1a<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Oats, Peas, Beans and Barley Grow<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer323\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173833\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer324\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173835\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer325\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173837\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer326\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173840\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Warm-up Rhythms<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer327\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173843\/06_02_warmUp.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer328\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173846\/06_02_warmUp1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity (Note: T = Teacher; S = Student)<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T claps various measures of warm-up rhythms to establish 6\/8 meter. Students echo.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T claps the long-short, long-short pattern <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> and chants \u201clong-short-long-short-long\u201d etc. Students echo.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat type of animal does this remind you of when it\u2019s moving? What animal move like this?\u201d Students reply with horse or pony.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T plays this rhythm on an instrument, piano, drum, or recording, or claps it while students gallop around the room.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T asks students to sit down, and claps the rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> again, adding the words \u201coats, peas, beans, and barley grow.\u201d Students echo.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T goes back to warm-up rhythms, playing them on a drum or other instrument, and asks students to identify the long-short-long-short rhythm by raising their hands when they hear it.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Oats, Peas, Beans and Barley Grow (with additional verses)<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer329\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173848\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer330\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173850\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer331\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173853\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer332\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173855\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Teaching the Song<\/h4>\r\n<h5>Song: \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cOkay, now we\u2019re going to learn a song to go with this rhythm. This song is about oats, peas, and beans. Does anyone know what those are? Has anyone ever eaten them?\u201d (T may want to bring in different kinds of oats, peas, beans, and barley to show the class or bring in pictures if foods are not available. If foods are available, have students touch them and answer questions about them (e.g., do they eat any of these for breakfast? dinner?).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThis song goes along with the rhythm we were just moving and clapping to. Echo after me.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T claps, sings lyrics, or uses solfege and hand signs to teach the song in a phrase-by-phrase approach as follows: A single phrase equals six beats. T may repeat each line a few times until students get the rhythm.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5>Phrase 1<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer333\" class=\"picture\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173857\/06_04_oatsPhrases.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Phrase 2<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer334\" class=\"picture\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173859\/06_04_oatsPhrases1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Phrase 3<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer335\" class=\"picture\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173901\/06_04_oatsPhrases2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Phrase 4<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer336\" class=\"picture\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173903\/06_04_oatsPhrases3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow I\u2019m going to put two lines together.\u201d T then doubles the phrases (12 beats for each phrase).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5>Phrases 1 and 2<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer337\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173905\/06_04_oatsPhrases4.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Phrases 3 and 4<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer338\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173907\/06_04_oatsPhrases5.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow can we put this much of the song together?\u201d T and students sing Verse 1. Repeat until students are singing confidently.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T then selects one child to be the farmer, and has children hold hands and walk in a circle around the farmer while singing Verse 1.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s learn how to change farmers.\u201d T then teaches the refrain \u201cWaiting for a partner,\u201d line by line. After students have learned this, the old farmer selects a new farmer to be in the middle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThere are a few more words to the song, and they show the kinds of activities a farmer does to grow food.\u201d T then teaches Verse 2, \u201cHere\u2019s the farmer\u2026,\u201d line by line. T then adds the motions to go along with the lyrics (e.g., stamping, turning, viewing). T explains what a \u201choe\u201d is and the motions to pull up weeds, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s sing the whole song and do the movements that we\u2019re singing about.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Students play game until everyone has had a chance to be the farmer.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Review what it was that the farmer was doing. Ask students to think about what other kinds of foods come from seeds that we eat.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ask students to think about what other songs they know that have the long-short-long-short rhythm.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nObserve students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to move to the rhythms successfully and sing the song successfully.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Are only a few students able to perform? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nDid the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? Common Core Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?\r\n<h4>\u201cOats, Peas, Beans\u201d Lesson<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Addresses different types of learning\u2014Visual, aural, tactile\/kinesthetic<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014Bodily\/kinesthetic, musical\/rhythmic, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards\u2014Musical analysis<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Circle game with rhythm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, movement<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Question\/answer, kinetic, and linguistic activities<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #2: Teaching a Song and Musical Concept(s)<\/h1>\r\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching the Song \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d using Rote-Note Methods<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Second grade<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Length of class:<\/span> 40 minutes<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Musical Concept(s)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Synco-pa (syncopation) <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>One octave<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Song: \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Chart of scale (solfege)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rhythm cards of rhythms using only quarter and eighth notes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rhythm cards with various rhythmic patterns from the song<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sing the American folk song \u201cLittle Liza Jane\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recognize the synco-pa rhythmic patterns in the song<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Clap the synco-pa pattern when it occurs<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sing the synco-pa pattern on solfege pitches<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recognize an octave jump in a folk song from Do to Do\u2019<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sing an octave jump on solfege<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">National Standards<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sing independently or in a group, singing correctly (1)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Identify simple music forms when presented aurally (6)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use appropriate terminology in explaining music (6)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use a system (syllables) to read simple rhythmic notations (5)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/h1>\r\n<p class=\"song-notes\">American folk song, late 19th century<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer339\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173910\/06_05_liza_jane.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer340\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173912\/06_05_liza_jane1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Warm-up Rhythms<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer341\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173914\/06_06_warmup.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer342\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173917\/06_06_warmup1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Song Rhythm Practice<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer343\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173919\/06_06_warmup2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer344\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173921\/06_06_warmup3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T claps four beats of warm-up rhythms using only quarter and eighth notes. Students echo.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T claps a syncopated pattern.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T asks, \u201cHow is this rhythm different from the first rhythm?\u201d (short long short instead of a steady beat).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T then clap rhythms containing synco-pa.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T asks students to alternate a syncopated rhythm, with the straight quarter\/eighth note rhythms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Students put the syncopated rhythms into body percussion (e.g., patsch on lap).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T then asks students to march to a steady beat played on a drum. When students hear the syncopated rhythm, they should walk to the rhythm short-long-short-long, freeze in place, or clap.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Teaching the Song \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cOkay, now we\u2019re going to learn a song. Echo after me.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T uses solfege and hand signs to teach the song in a phrase-by-phrase approach as follows: Single-phrase (four beats for each phrase).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table id=\"table004-2\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Come my love and go with me<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table005-1\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table006\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Come my love and go with me<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table007\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table008\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D\u2019<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">O Eliza<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table009\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table010\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D\u2019<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">O Eliza<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"table011\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\"><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\r\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Double phrases (eight beats for each phrase)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T sings the song and asks how many phrases there are (eight).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cDid you notice which notes we have that were missing from our song? Which solfege notes didn\u2019t we sing?\u201d (F and T)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat is the highest note in our song?\u201d (High Do\u2019)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat is the lowest?\u201d (Do)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThere is a name for the distance between a note and that same note higher up. It is an interval of an octave. Octave means eight notes. There are eight notes between low Do and high Do. Do you know of any other words meaning eight with <em>oct<\/em> in it?\u201d (octagon, octopus). \u201c<em>Oct<\/em> is the Latin root for eight. So the space between low D and high D is one octave. Can you all show me and sing low D to high D?\u201d (Sing and show hand signs a few times.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow, at the beginning of class, we learned a rhythm. Can you remember that rhythm?\u201d (<span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s sing the song again, and this time, listen for that rhythm in this song.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cHow many times did you hear the rhythm in the song?\u201d (Four)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cOn which word did this rhythm occur in the song? Was it on the same or on different words?\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThis rhythm looks like this (show card <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span>), but instead of saying ti ta ti, it has its own word, \u2018synco-pa.\u2019 Repeat that please, and then let\u2019s clap <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa and say it. The reason it\u2019s called synco-pa is that it is short for the word syncopation, which means to have a rhythm that is \u2018off-beat\u2019 or doesn\u2019t fall right on the beats of a song.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sing the song again, this time holding up the card each time the <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa rhythm occurs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s sing some of the verses of the song.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat can you tell me about Liza Jane? Who is singing the song? What does this person want?\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Ask students to sing the song without teacher help while clapping the synco-pas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>As students to find syncopated rhythm in other songs.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use the syncopation as an ostinato pattern throughout the song.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nObserve students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to clap the rhythm successfully or identify the rhythm and octave successfully.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Are only a few students able to perform and identify? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nDid the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? National Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?\r\n<h4>Li\u2019l Liza Jane Lesson<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Adresses different types of learning\u2014Visual, aural, and kinesthetic<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014Musical, logical\/mathematical, linguistic, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards\u20141, 5, and 6<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Synco-pa, octave<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, instruments, some written notation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Lecture, demonstration, question\/answer, call and response, and kinetic and linguistic activities<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #3: Teaching a Song and Musical Concept(s) Plus English Language Arts Standards (Integrated)<\/h1>\r\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching the Song \u201cErie Canal\u201d Using Note Method<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Fourth or fifth grade<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Type of class:<\/span> Regular<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sheet music of \u201cErie Canal\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Visual notation of major and minor scales; various other familiar songs in major and minor (\u201cHey Ho Nobody Home,\u201d \u201cJohnny Has Gone for a Soldier,\u201d etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Map of Great Lakes\/New York<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives (Music and Language Arts\/History)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sing the American folk song \u201cErie Canal\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Differentiate between major and minor mode\/scales used in the song and recognize a <em>fermata<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Understand the song as a binary form (AB form)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Deduce information about life in early 20th-century America (New York) from the song lyrics<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use geography to understand the canal as an important mode of 19th- and early 20th-century transportation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distinguish the difference between the use of the two modes in the song and the lyrical\/emotional meaning<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Common Core Music Standards (Fourth\/Fifth)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, and timbre). MU: Pr4.3.4a\/5a<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Perform music, alone or with others, with expression and technical accuracy, and appropriate interpretation. MU: Pr6.1.4a\/5a<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Demonstrate and explain how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (social and cultural). MU: Re7.2.4a\/5a<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Common English Language Arts Standards (Fourth\/Fifth)<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Determine one or more main ideas of a text and explain how they are supported by key details; summarize the text. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.2\/CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.5.2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific information in the text. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3\/CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.5.3<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cToday we\u2019re going to learn about the Erie Canal. Does anyone know what the Erie Canal is, where it is, or what it was used for?\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s learn the song and see what we can find out. I\u2019d like you to pay attention to both the lyrics of the song and the melody, because the music is also giving you a lot of information about what\u2019s going on in the song.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T plays a recording, passes out sheet music, or sings song in its entirety. Students sing song by looking at the sheet music (by note).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Erie Canal<\/h1>\r\n<p class=\"song-notes\">Thomas S. Allen, 1905<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer345\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173924\/06_07_erieCanal.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer346\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173927\/06_07_erieCanal1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer347\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173930\/06_07_erieCanal2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer348\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173932\/06_07_erieCanal3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer349\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173934\/06_07_erieCanal4.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer350\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173937\/06_07_erieCanal5.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer351\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173939\/06_07_erieCanal6.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Procedures: Music Analysis<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cFirst, let\u2019s think about the music. Can anyone tell me how many sections there are to the song? Where does the second section begin?\u201d <em>T plays or sings again if necessary, and students also sing.<\/em> (Second section begins at \u201cLow bridge.\u201d)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThis is known as AB form, which means that the music contains two distinct sections. How can you tell that the sections are musically different?\u201d (There is a slowing down at the end of the first section. It sounds different than the first. The pitches and scale sound different.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThe \u2018slowing down\u2019 is caused by two <em>fermatas,<\/em> which means \u2018hold\u2019 in Italian. The symbol looks like an eye. When a note has a <em>fermata<\/em> on it, you hold it for about twice the length of time.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s sing \u2018Buffalo\u2019 again to practice the <em>fermatas<\/em>.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer352\" class=\"picture\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173941\/06_08_toBuffalo.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThe other musical clue that you\u2019re hearing is that the song is actually in two different modes or scales. The first part is minor, usually associated with sadness or melancholy, and the second part is major, which is usually associated with happiness or joy.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cCan you think of another song that\u2019s in minor that is an unhappy one?\u201d (\u201cHey Ho Nobody Home,\u201d \u201cJohnny Has Gone for a Soldier,\u201d etc.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat do all of these songs have in common emotionally?\u201d (Sadness, loneliness, melancholy)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T plays and shows the pitches of the major and minor scales. Students sing D R M F S L T D\u2019 for major and L, T, D R M F S L for minor. If T has an instrument, have students guess which scale is being played. If not, T can play clips from other songs or have them sing other short songs to reinforce the concepts of major and minor.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5>F Major D Minor<\/h5>\r\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\r\n<div id=\"_idContainer353\" class=\"music-bar\"><img class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173943\/06_09_fd_scales.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhy do you think the composer chose to end the first section with two <em>fermatas<\/em>?\u201d (To help the singer recognize the two sections, and to distinguish between the minor and major parts of the song)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Procedure: Literary Analysis<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat\u2019s happening in the song?\u201d (Various answers summarizing the text)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat was the Erie Canal used for? Why do you think the Erie Canal was built?\u201d (To transport things easily on water as there were no trains, or trucks at the time)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat types of things?\u201d (Lumber, coal, and hay)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhich towns does the canal connect in New York?\u201d (Albany and Buffalo)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhy does the composer write about a mule? What was the mule used for?\u201d (Hauling barges)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cGood! Does anyone know what a barge is?\u201d (A flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cHow do the barge and mule drivers know they are coming to a town?\u201d (Because they cross under a low bridge)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cHow does the singer feel when they are coming to a town?\u201d (Happy)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cHow do you know this?\u201d (Because they talk about meeting neighbors and pals)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cIs there something in the music that also tells you that the singer feels happy when coming to a town?\u201d (Yes, the major scale is used in the second part of the song)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cGood, what in the music tells you that the singer is not happy about losing their work hauling the barges?\u201d (The minor mode)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Procedure: Integrated Context<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhen thinking of the lyrics and the music, why might the composer have set the first part of the song to sad or minor music, and the second part to happier or major music?\u201d (The first part is talking about work and hauling barges, and the second is talking about coming to a town and meeting your neighbors.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cThere\u2019s also another part to the history of this song. It was written just as the last mules were being used to haul or pull the barges and were being converted to steam power. If this is the case, why does the singer talk about the mule as a \u2018friend\u2019 or \u2018pal\u2019?\u201d (Because they\u2019ve been working together for years, and now they aren\u2019t going to be working any more pulling the barges.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow I\u2019d like you to deduce something first by <em>not<\/em> looking at the map. We know that the canal goes from Buffalo to Albany, but can you tell me which great lake the canal connects to? Think! The song tells you.\u201d (Lake Erie)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cNow, let\u2019s look at the map. Can anyone see which waterway the canal connects to in Albany?\u201d (The Hudson River, leading to the Atlantic Ocean through New York City)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cAlbany is not on the Atlantic Ocean, so the Hudson River was used to connect the two waterways.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cSo, to summarize, what impact might this have had on the city of New York in the 19th century to have it be one of the largest seaports in the U.S.?\u201d [This made New York City one of the most important ports and cities in the country, and helped the city grow and become home to many immigrants, workers, etc.]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T: \u201cWhat do you think happened to all of the mules and mule drivers after they were replaced? Is there a musical indication that things turned out all right?\u201d [The switch to major mode and the sense of community and belonging at the end]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nObserve students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to sing the song and identify the modes and binary form successfully.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Are only a few students able to perform and identify? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused? Are they not engaging with the music or the questions?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\r\nDid the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? National Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?\r\n<h4>\u201cErie Canal\u201d Lesson<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Addresses different types of learning\u2014e.g.Visual, aural<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014e.g. Musical, logical\/mathematical, linguistic, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Analysis of musical and literary ideas<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, notation analysis<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Lecture, demonstration, question\/answer, written word<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>III. Classroom Management<\/h1>\r\nWhile lessons on paper are an integral and necessary step, the actual implementation of the lesson in front of a live class is quite another matter. Teachers all over the world have their own tips and hints as to what makes a good teacher and what makes a lesson successful, and reviewing a few ideas on classroom management is an extremely helpful first step. If the students aren\u2019t focused on the lesson, all of your preparatory work is for naught. Below are a few basic classroom management ideas to use when teaching music.\r\n<h2>Classroom Behavior Management Techniques<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Don\u2019t be afraid to be the teacher!<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Tell students what you expect them to do. Don\u2019t ask them what they want to do. You are the teacher, and you set the agenda.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use positive reinforcement whenever possible.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Don\u2019t be afraid to point out places where students can improve. Show them the next level and let them strive to get there.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When disciplining, select one person to stand out as a role model\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cLook how well Suzie, Frank, and Leticia are doing at\u2026let\u2019s see if we all can do that!\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Pay attention to the <em>singing voice<\/em>! Check whether you yourself are singing correctly and check that the students are singing correctly as well.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use <em>magic<\/em>, <em>wonder,<\/em> and <em>surprise<\/em> whenever possible!\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cGuess what will happen next?\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cWhat does this sound remind you of?\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Add movement whenever possible\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Hand gestures, small body movements, large body movements<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Keep sweeping the room, checking to see that they are all \u201cgetting it.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Do not talk or give directions over the music; they won\u2019t hear you or the music.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When handing out instruments, develop an orderly system for distribution and have a system in place to keep instruments quiet while you\u2019re talking.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Talk less and do more.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sing, play, and instrument or mime as meaningful substitutions for words and directions.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Most importantly, have fun! If the material excites you, your students will be engaged as well.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Resources<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Instruments Website: <a href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.onmusic.org\/terms\/1731-hornbostel-sachs\">Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification List<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>National Standards in Music: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.educationworld.com\/standards\/national\/arts\/music\/k_4.shtml\">http:\/\/www.educationworld.com\/standards\/national\/arts\/music\/k_4.shtml<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Writing Lesson Plans: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120319224001\/http:\/\/www.huntington.edu\/dept_interior.aspx?id=2217\">http:\/\/www.huntington.edu\/dept_interior.aspx?id=2217<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>Vocabulary<\/h1>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">aerophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound by using air as the primary vibrating means (flutes, horns, whistle)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">chordophones<\/span>: a term used for stringed instruments referring to instruments sounded by bowing, plucking, or striking a string that is stretched between two fixed points (violins)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">concussion<\/span>: two similar objects struck together to create sound<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">electrophones<\/span>: electronic instruments that either have their sound generated electronically or acoustic instruments that have their sounds amplified<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">idiophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound from the material of the instrument itself; probably the largest category of classroom instruments; sounds produced through shaking, scraping, plucking, etc.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">instrumentation<\/span>: source of sound and music that a child develops from hearing rhythm and a melody<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">membranophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound by means of vibrating a stretched membrane (drums)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">organology<\/span>: the classification of musical instruments around the world<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">percussion<\/span>: instrument caused to vibrate by striking it with a non-vibrating object such as a mallet or stick<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">pitched instruments<\/span>: instruments capable of making distinct notes and pitch changes while simultaneously following a rhythm (e.g., a piano, clarinet)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">plucked<\/span>: instruments with a flexible tongue that is plucked to vibrate<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">scraped<\/span>: sound produced by scraping the instrument with a stick across grooves<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">shakers<\/span>: sound produced by small particles contained within the instrument<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">stamping<\/span>: striking the object on a hard surface to vibrate the object<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">syncopation<\/span>: to have rhythm that is \u201coff-beat\u201d or doesn\u2019t fall right on the beats of a song<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">unpitched instruments<\/span>: instruments incapable of making distinct notes and pitch changes, but have one pitch only; usually used to keep the rhythm and tempo steady (e.g., woodblock, claves)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div id=\"_idContainer354\">\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Chapter Summary<\/h3>\n<p class=\"ch-title\">This chapter looks at creative ideas for approaching and planning a successful music lesson, including a guided outline, models of full lessons, and classroom management tips.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>I. Lesson Plans as a Creative Activity<\/h1>\n<p>At some point or other, students in education programs are required to write lesson plans.Often, however, the meaning of writing a lesson plan becomes lost in the academic process, and the lesson\u2019s grade becomes the goal rather than the meaningful construction of the lesson and learning the technique of organizing your thoughts. Often students believe that writing a lesson plan is only used in a classroom setting. The reality is, however, that <em>all<\/em> professions require the organization of a plan of action to be carried out, including an articulation of goals and objectives to reach them, followed by a reflection or assessment of the effectiveness. In other professions, you might be asked for a plan of action composed of three inherent questions: 1) What are you going to do? 2) How are you going to do it? and 3) How will you assess what you\u2019ve done? In education, a lesson plan is nothing more than a plan of action with the same three questions: 1) What are you going to teach? 2) How are you going to teach it? and 3) How will you assess what you have taught?<\/p>\n<h2>Lesson Plan Preparation: Start With (Musical) Inspiration!<\/h2>\n<p>Much of the time as a teacher, you will be required to teach a certain set curriculum in the classroom that conforms to the Common Core State Standards (see Chapter 3). However, this doesn\u2019t mean that the lesson has to be devoid of inspiration. Whatever your content area, there is probably an arts-related activity that can be applied or integrated (see Chapter 12 for Arts Integration information). It is much easier to create a good lesson plan if you are inspired. Your inspiration for a music or integrated lesson plan can be a song, an instrument, timbre, vocal sound, poem, story, rhythm, speech pattern, etc.<\/p>\n<p><em>Creative problem solving<\/em> requires that you be able to see and manipulate your lesson material in unique ways to reach all types of student learners. The music education methods of Orff, Dalcroze, Kod\u00e1ly, etc., offer easily implemented solutions to add layers of cognitively challenging musical activities to something as simple as a song. When developing your lesson, start by thinking outside of the box.<\/p>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-1\">\n<div class=\"Blurb\">\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>activity 6a: Try this<\/h3>\n<p class=\"activity-content\">How can I make the lesson interesting? Challenging? What might I be able to add to a lesson to increase its effectiveness for the learner\u2014e.g., movement? rhythm? instruments?<\/p>\n<p class=\"activity-content\">Below are a few ways to challenge students physically, cognitively, and multi-modally just with a simple song. The first rule is not to be afraid of experimenting with sound, using either your own voice, various instruments, or maybe even the walls, doors, floors, chairs, and surroundings, all of which have their own unique timbres to explore!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Musically creative lesson planning<\/h1>\n<table id=\"table001-5\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Musically Creative Lesson Planning<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Begin with the list of music elements and vocabulary from Chapter 2. Select a song, then brainstorm different ways of performing the song using what you\u2019ve learned. For example:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Vocal<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song <em>a capella<\/em> (without instrumental accompaniment)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a speech rhythm ostinato<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a melodic ostinato using voices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a drone using voices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Dynamics, Tempo, Form<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song changing tempos on different sections, phrases, or measures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song changing dynamics on different sections, phrases, or measures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Sing the song alternating phrases or sections between two groups of singers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Body Percussion<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by clapping<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by patsching<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato by tapping<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Instruments<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a beat or ostinato on an unpitched percussion instrument<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add a bordun ostinato or drone on a pitched percussion instrument<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Add more than one bordun on multiple instruments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Play only metal instruments, or wood instruments, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"table-list\">Do endless combinations of all of the above<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Creative Exploration of Classroom Instruments<\/h2>\n<p>Inspiration can come from anywhere, including the arsenal of classroom and children\u2019s instruments available. Classroom instruments are much more than noisemakers to accompany songs. There are many creative ways to use these inexpensive instruments to help and inspire you, and which will fire up a child\u2019s imagination. Here are a few instruments typically found in classrooms, or that can be purchased inexpensively at a music store or online. This list is by no means exhaustive, but it does provide a wide range of commonly used instruments from Western and world cultures.<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Typical classroom instruments<\/h1>\n<table id=\"table002-4\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Xylophones<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Metallophones<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Glockenspiels<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Boomwhackers<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Recorders<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Slide whistles<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Jingle bells<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Kokoriko<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Castanets<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Bells<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Agogo bells (African double bell)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Shekere (African gourd shaker)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Maracas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Triangle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Cymbals (finger, crash, suspended)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tambourines<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Timpani<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Gongs<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Bongos<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Temple blocks<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Steel drum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Hand drum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Conga drums<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Claves<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Cowbell<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Djembe<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rainmaker<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rhythm blocks<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Sand blocks<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Panpipes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Ocarina<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Piano<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Mbira (thumb piano)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Guiro<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tick tock<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Tone block<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Vibra slap<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Wood block<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Guitar<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Violin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Chimes<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Thinking about the source of sound production and materials will lead you to the field of <span class=\"vocab\">organology<\/span>, or the classification of musical instruments. Instruments all over the world can be grouped into five categories based on the Sachs-Hornbostel instrument classification system. This system groups the instruments by the way in which sound is produced. They are:<\/p>\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Aerophones<\/span>:<\/strong> Instruments that produce sound by using air as the primary vibrating means. (e.g., flutes, horns, whistles).<\/p>\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Membranophones<\/span><\/strong>: Instruments that produce sound by means of vibrating a stretched membrane (e.g., drums)<\/p>\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Chordophones<\/span><\/strong>: A term used for stringed instruments. Refers to an instrument sounded by bowing, plucking, or striking a string that is stretched between two fixed points. (e.g., violins)<\/p>\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Idiophones<\/span>:<\/strong> Instruments that produce sound from the material of the instrument itself. Idiophones produce sounds from the following methods and represent the largest category of classroom instruments.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Percussion<\/span>:<\/strong> instrument caused to vibrate by striking it with a non-vibrating object such as a mallet or stick<\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Shaken<\/span>:<\/strong> sound produced by small particles contained within the instrument<\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Scraped<\/span>:<\/strong> sound produced by scraping the instrument with a stick<\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Plucked<\/span><\/strong>: instruments with a flexible tongue that is plucked to vibrate<\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Concussion<\/span><\/strong>: two similar objects struck together to create sound<\/li>\n<li><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Stamping<\/span><\/strong>: striking the object on a hard surface to vibrate the object<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"def\"><strong><span class=\"vocab\">Electrophones<\/span><\/strong>: Refers to electronic instruments that either have their sound generated electronically or acoustic instruments that have their sounds amplified<\/p>\n<p>The Sachs-Hornbostel list, however, is only one way to think about instruments. Children often come up with very imaginative ways to group instruments based on characteristics other than sound production. Children can explore the timbre, production, and material of the instruments to come up with their own ways of categorizing them. After students explore and group instruments, they can develop their own instrumentation for a piece, then vary it. Below is a list of other ways to think about instruments besides the way the sound is produced, such as its timbre or similar sound; physical attributes, etc.<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"table-title\">Examples of different ways children can categorize instruments.<\/h1>\n<table id=\"table003-4\" class=\"No-Table-Style _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Terminology<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Explanation<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Physical Attributes:<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">e.g. Color, size, shape<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">round, tube, big, medium, small, rectangular, long, short, hollow, solid, jingles, ridges, skin\/membrane, brown, silver, red, low pitch, high pitch<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">For younger children, one of the most obvious types of recognition belongs to color, shape, and size\u2014attributes they are identifying in other subjects. They may want to group instruments by their color, how big or small, and their shape. Musically, the shape of the instrument is important since the shape is directly related to sound and sound production. The smaller the instrument, the higher the pitch, for example.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Material<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Metal, wood, metal and wood, plastic, wire, string, skin<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">This type of grouping brings students to another level of understanding in terms of discussing the sound of the instruments. What an instrument is made of has a direct effect on its timbre. The challenge here is that some instruments, such as the tambourine, contain more than one type of material. Ask students how they might label such instruments.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">By Timbre<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Rattly-sounding, woody, metallic, jingly, high, thin, low, loud, soft, hollow, smooth, rough<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">An instrument\u2019s timbre is directly related to its size, material, and even shape. All of the above properties affect the sound production of an instrument<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Melody-Making Ability<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">plays a song, doesn\u2019t play a song; pitched, unpitched<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Children may find other unique ways of classifying instruments such as whether the instrument can play a melody. This classification concerns Pitched instruments or Unpitched instruments.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Culture of Origin<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Sub-Saharan Africa, North America, South America<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Another way of classifying is to know the country or culture of origin for the instruments. This related to musical instruments and their community<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"No-Table-Style\">\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Blue-heading\">\n<h2 class=\"table-heading\">Multi-Purpose Use<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">Used for activities other than music making<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"No-Table-Style Basic-cell\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">While most classroom instruments only have one use, there are many instruments that serve other purposes such as for cooking. The cowbell, for example, is an instrument that has another purpose besides its musical one.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-1\">\n<div class=\"Blurb\">\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>activity 6b: Try This<\/h3>\n<p class=\"activity-content\">The instruments on the Typical Classroom Instrument list above are random, and not categorized purposefully in any way. See if you can develop other ways of classifying these instruments in addition to the ways listed. How could you use this classification to create a lesson on science? Physics? Math? History? Social science? World history?<\/p>\n<p>Start thinking scientifically and creatively about this list. How might you <em>approach<\/em> or <em>use<\/em> these instruments when creating a lesson plan? Here are a few questions that might help in thinking about the instruments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Suggested Questions<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>What do the instruments have in common?<\/li>\n<li>Where do the instruments come from (culture of origin)?<\/li>\n<li>What materials are they made of? <em>(wood, metal, plastic)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>How are they played? <em>(shaken, hit, struck with mallet, scraped, blown, pulled, etc.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>What special sounds can they make? <em>(jingles, shakes, thumps, scrapes)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Where is the sound coming from (how is the sound produced)? <em>(a hollow tube, the instrument itself vibrates, a vibrating string)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>What do the instruments sound like? <em>(harsh, metallic, hollow, soft, smooth, mellow, high, low, etc.)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>II. Lesson Planning<\/h1>\n<p>Below are some guidelines for creating a lesson plan. Regardless of subject, method, and additional requirements, all lesson plans contain the same basic structure and four core components:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Goals and objectives: What will students be able to do when I\u2019ve finished teaching my lesson?<\/li>\n<li>Standards: Common Core or National Standards: Which state content and developmental standards are addressed in my lesson?<\/li>\n<li>Procedure: A step-by-step listing of your actions\u2014core lesson in which you creatively assemble and format the material to present to your students in order to achieve your goals and objectives.\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">a. What types of instructional input will I use (e.g., lecture, demonstration, modeling, guided practice, independent practice)?<\/p>\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">b. Which educational theories will I include (e.g., Bloom, Gardner, different types of learners)?<\/p>\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">c. How will I capture learners\u2019 attention and engage them?<\/p>\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">d. What critical thinking will I implement?<a id=\"_idTextAnchor015\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ol-alpha2\">e. Close the procedure section with a wrap-up and find ways to extend the lesson concepts in future activities<a id=\"_idTextAnchor016\"><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Assessment: How will I know my students learned the material? How might I modify the material if I did not reach my goals or if students need accommodation?<a id=\"_idTextAnchor017\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Preparing for the Lesson<\/h2>\n<p>Gather your thoughts and materials on the following before beginning your lesson:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prerequisites: What do the students already know?<\/li>\n<li>Concept(s), vocabulary, experiences: What new concepts am I going to teach? Where do I want to take them?<\/li>\n<li>Materials: What materials will I need?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Parts of a Lesson<\/h2>\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Lesson plan title<\/li>\n<li>Grade level<\/li>\n<li>Length of class (time)<\/li>\n<li>Type of class: Regular, inclusive<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Materials and Resources<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>List the materials you will need to teach the lesson or cite the location of any resources.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Goals and Objectives<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>What will the students be able to do as a result of this lesson that they couldn\u2019t do before?<\/li>\n<li>What concepts and vocabulary will be taught?<\/li>\n<li>What processes will you use to teach those concepts and vocabulary?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Common Core Standards<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Which Common Core standards are addressed in the lesson?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Core Lesson Procedures<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Opening activity\/Energizer\/Warm-up<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Sometimes called an \u201cenergizer,\u201d the opening statement provides an attention-grabbing focus and an <em>invitation<\/em> to the lesson.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Main lesson<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Includes instructional input such as a lecture, demo, modeling, guided practice, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Outline all of the steps that the teacher will do to get the students to achieve the goals (use action words).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Closure and extension<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Wrap up the lesson with a summary or question.<\/li>\n<li>Think of ways to extend your lesson.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Assessment<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>How will you know if the lesson was effective?\n<ul>\n<li>Observe students as they work or perform. Ask questions, get feedback, check for facial expressions and body language, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Did your lesson meet your goals and objectives above?<\/li>\n<li><em>Modifications\/accommodations<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Adjust for any special needs students in the class.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #1: Teaching a Song<\/h1>\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d Using Rote<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Kindergarten\u2013first grade<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Length of class:<\/span> 40 minutes<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Type of class:<\/span> Regular<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Game song: \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Sing the folk song \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the long-short, long-short <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> \u201chorse trot\u201d rhythmic patterns in the song<\/li>\n<li>Patsch the rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> on their legs while saying long-short long short<\/li>\n<li>Gallop\/move to the long-short rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">National Common Core Arts Standards in Music<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>With (limited) guidance, perform music with expression. MU: Pr6.1.Ka\/1a<\/li>\n<li>With guidance, explore and demonstrate awareness of musical contrasts (such as high\/low, loud\/soft, same\/different) in a variety of music selected for performance. MU:Pr4.2.Ka\/1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Oats, Peas, Beans and Barley Grow<\/h1>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer323\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173833\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer324\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173835\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer325\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173837\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer326\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173840\/06_01_oatsPeasBarley3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Warm-up Rhythms<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer327\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173843\/06_02_warmUp.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer328\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173846\/06_02_warmUp1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity (Note: T = Teacher; S = Student)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T claps various measures of warm-up rhythms to establish 6\/8 meter. Students echo.<\/li>\n<li>T claps the long-short, long-short pattern <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> and chants \u201clong-short-long-short-long\u201d etc. Students echo.<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat type of animal does this remind you of when it\u2019s moving? What animal move like this?\u201d Students reply with horse or pony.<\/li>\n<li>T plays this rhythm on an instrument, piano, drum, or recording, or claps it while students gallop around the room.<\/li>\n<li>T asks students to sit down, and claps the rhythm <span class=\"music-notes\">q e q e<\/span> again, adding the words \u201coats, peas, beans, and barley grow.\u201d Students echo.<\/li>\n<li>T goes back to warm-up rhythms, playing them on a drum or other instrument, and asks students to identify the long-short-long-short rhythm by raising their hands when they hear it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Oats, Peas, Beans and Barley Grow (with additional verses)<\/h1>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer329\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173848\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer330\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173850\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer331\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173853\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer332\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173855\/06_03_oatsPeasLonger3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Procedures: Teaching the Song<\/h4>\n<h5>Song: \u201cOats, Peas, Beans, and Barley Grow\u201d<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cOkay, now we\u2019re going to learn a song to go with this rhythm. This song is about oats, peas, and beans. Does anyone know what those are? Has anyone ever eaten them?\u201d (T may want to bring in different kinds of oats, peas, beans, and barley to show the class or bring in pictures if foods are not available. If foods are available, have students touch them and answer questions about them (e.g., do they eat any of these for breakfast? dinner?).<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThis song goes along with the rhythm we were just moving and clapping to. Echo after me.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T claps, sings lyrics, or uses solfege and hand signs to teach the song in a phrase-by-phrase approach as follows: A single phrase equals six beats. T may repeat each line a few times until students get the rhythm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Phrase 1<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer333\" class=\"picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173857\/06_04_oatsPhrases.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Phrase 2<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer334\" class=\"picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173859\/06_04_oatsPhrases1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Phrase 3<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer335\" class=\"picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173901\/06_04_oatsPhrases2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Phrase 4<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer336\" class=\"picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173903\/06_04_oatsPhrases3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cNow I\u2019m going to put two lines together.\u201d T then doubles the phrases (12 beats for each phrase).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Phrases 1 and 2<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer337\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173905\/06_04_oatsPhrases4.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Phrases 3 and 4<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer338\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173907\/06_04_oatsPhrases5.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cNow can we put this much of the song together?\u201d T and students sing Verse 1. Repeat until students are singing confidently.<\/li>\n<li>T then selects one child to be the farmer, and has children hold hands and walk in a circle around the farmer while singing Verse 1.<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s learn how to change farmers.\u201d T then teaches the refrain \u201cWaiting for a partner,\u201d line by line. After students have learned this, the old farmer selects a new farmer to be in the middle.<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThere are a few more words to the song, and they show the kinds of activities a farmer does to grow food.\u201d T then teaches Verse 2, \u201cHere\u2019s the farmer\u2026,\u201d line by line. T then adds the motions to go along with the lyrics (e.g., stamping, turning, viewing). T explains what a \u201choe\u201d is and the motions to pull up weeds, etc.<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s sing the whole song and do the movements that we\u2019re singing about.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Students play game until everyone has had a chance to be the farmer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Review what it was that the farmer was doing. Ask students to think about what other kinds of foods come from seeds that we eat.<\/li>\n<li>Ask students to think about what other songs they know that have the long-short-long-short rhythm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Observe students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to move to the rhythms successfully and sing the song successfully.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are only a few students able to perform? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Did the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? Common Core Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?<\/p>\n<h4>\u201cOats, Peas, Beans\u201d Lesson<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Addresses different types of learning\u2014Visual, aural, tactile\/kinesthetic<\/li>\n<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014Bodily\/kinesthetic, musical\/rhythmic, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards\u2014Musical analysis<\/li>\n<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Circle game with rhythm<\/li>\n<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, movement<\/li>\n<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Question\/answer, kinetic, and linguistic activities<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #2: Teaching a Song and Musical Concept(s)<\/h1>\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching the Song \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d using Rote-Note Methods<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Second grade<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Length of class:<\/span> 40 minutes<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Musical Concept(s)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Synco-pa (syncopation) <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span><\/li>\n<li>One octave<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Song: \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Chart of scale (solfege)<\/li>\n<li>Rhythm cards of rhythms using only quarter and eighth notes<\/li>\n<li>Rhythm cards with various rhythmic patterns from the song<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Sing the American folk song \u201cLittle Liza Jane\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the synco-pa rhythmic patterns in the song<\/li>\n<li>Clap the synco-pa pattern when it occurs<\/li>\n<li>Sing the synco-pa pattern on solfege pitches<\/li>\n<li>Recognize an octave jump in a folk song from Do to Do\u2019<\/li>\n<li>Sing an octave jump on solfege<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">National Standards<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sing independently or in a group, singing correctly (1)<\/li>\n<li>Identify simple music forms when presented aurally (6)<\/li>\n<li>Use appropriate terminology in explaining music (6)<\/li>\n<li>Use a system (syllables) to read simple rhythmic notations (5)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/h1>\n<p class=\"song-notes\">American folk song, late 19th century<\/p>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer339\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173910\/06_05_liza_jane.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer340\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173912\/06_05_liza_jane1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Warm-up Rhythms<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer341\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173914\/06_06_warmup.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer342\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173917\/06_06_warmup1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Song Rhythm Practice<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer343\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173919\/06_06_warmup2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer344\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173921\/06_06_warmup3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T claps four beats of warm-up rhythms using only quarter and eighth notes. Students echo.<\/li>\n<li>T claps a syncopated pattern.<\/li>\n<li>T asks, \u201cHow is this rhythm different from the first rhythm?\u201d (short long short instead of a steady beat).<\/li>\n<li>T then clap rhythms containing synco-pa.<\/li>\n<li>T asks students to alternate a syncopated rhythm, with the straight quarter\/eighth note rhythms.<\/li>\n<li>Students put the syncopated rhythms into body percussion (e.g., patsch on lap).<\/li>\n<li>T then asks students to march to a steady beat played on a drum. When students hear the syncopated rhythm, they should walk to the rhythm short-long-short-long, freeze in place, or clap.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Procedures: Teaching the Song \u201cLi\u2019l Liza Jane\u201d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cOkay, now we\u2019re going to learn a song. Echo after me.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T uses solfege and hand signs to teach the song in a phrase-by-phrase approach as follows: Single-phrase (four beats for each phrase).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table id=\"table004-2\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Come my love and go with me<\/p>\n<table id=\"table005-1\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\n<table id=\"table006\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Come my love and go with me<\/p>\n<table id=\"table007\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\n<table id=\"table008\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D\u2019<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">O Eliza<\/p>\n<table id=\"table009\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\n<table id=\"table010\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D\u2019<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">L<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">S<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">O Eliza<\/p>\n<table id=\"table011\" class=\"Basic-Table _idGenTablePara-1\">\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">q<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\"><span class=\"music-notes\">h<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">M<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">R<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"Basic-Table\">\n<p class=\"table-text\">D<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"Centered\">Li\u2019l Liza Jane<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Double phrases (eight beats for each phrase)<\/li>\n<li>T sings the song and asks how many phrases there are (eight).<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cDid you notice which notes we have that were missing from our song? Which solfege notes didn\u2019t we sing?\u201d (F and T)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat is the highest note in our song?\u201d (High Do\u2019)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat is the lowest?\u201d (Do)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThere is a name for the distance between a note and that same note higher up. It is an interval of an octave. Octave means eight notes. There are eight notes between low Do and high Do. Do you know of any other words meaning eight with <em>oct<\/em> in it?\u201d (octagon, octopus). \u201c<em>Oct<\/em> is the Latin root for eight. So the space between low D and high D is one octave. Can you all show me and sing low D to high D?\u201d (Sing and show hand signs a few times.)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow, at the beginning of class, we learned a rhythm. Can you remember that rhythm?\u201d (<span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s sing the song again, and this time, listen for that rhythm in this song.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cHow many times did you hear the rhythm in the song?\u201d (Four)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cOn which word did this rhythm occur in the song? Was it on the same or on different words?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThis rhythm looks like this (show card <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span>), but instead of saying ti ta ti, it has its own word, \u2018synco-pa.\u2019 Repeat that please, and then let\u2019s clap <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa and say it. The reason it\u2019s called synco-pa is that it is short for the word syncopation, which means to have a rhythm that is \u2018off-beat\u2019 or doesn\u2019t fall right on the beats of a song.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Sing the song again, this time holding up the card each time the <span class=\"music-notes\">eq e<\/span> synco-pa rhythm occurs.<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow let\u2019s sing some of the verses of the song.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat can you tell me about Liza Jane? Who is singing the song? What does this person want?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Ask students to sing the song without teacher help while clapping the synco-pas.<\/li>\n<li>As students to find syncopated rhythm in other songs.<\/li>\n<li>Use the syncopation as an ostinato pattern throughout the song.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Observe students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to clap the rhythm successfully or identify the rhythm and octave successfully.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are only a few students able to perform and identify? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Did the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? National Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?<\/p>\n<h4>Li\u2019l Liza Jane Lesson<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Adresses different types of learning\u2014Visual, aural, and kinesthetic<\/li>\n<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014Musical, logical\/mathematical, linguistic, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards\u20141, 5, and 6<\/li>\n<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Synco-pa, octave<\/li>\n<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, instruments, some written notation<\/li>\n<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Lecture, demonstration, question\/answer, call and response, and kinetic and linguistic activities<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Lesson Plan Example #3: Teaching a Song and Musical Concept(s) Plus English Language Arts Standards (Integrated)<\/h1>\n<h4>General Information<\/h4>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Title:<\/span> Teaching the Song \u201cErie Canal\u201d Using Note Method<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Grade level:<\/span> Fourth or fifth grade<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Type of class:<\/span> Regular<\/p>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Materials<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sheet music of \u201cErie Canal\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Visual notation of major and minor scales; various other familiar songs in major and minor (\u201cHey Ho Nobody Home,\u201d \u201cJohnny Has Gone for a Soldier,\u201d etc.<\/li>\n<li>Map of Great Lakes\/New York<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Learning\/Behavioral Objectives (Music and Language Arts\/History)<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><em>Students will be able to:<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Sing the American folk song \u201cErie Canal\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate between major and minor mode\/scales used in the song and recognize a <em>fermata<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Understand the song as a binary form (AB form)<\/li>\n<li>Deduce information about life in early 20th-century America (New York) from the song lyrics<\/li>\n<li>Use geography to understand the canal as an important mode of 19th- and early 20th-century transportation<\/li>\n<li>Distinguish the difference between the use of the two modes in the song and the lyrical\/emotional meaning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Common Core Music Standards (Fourth\/Fifth)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Demonstrate and explain how intent is conveyed through interpretive decisions and expressive qualities (such as dynamics, tempo, and timbre). MU: Pr4.3.4a\/5a<\/li>\n<li>Perform music, alone or with others, with expression and technical accuracy, and appropriate interpretation. MU: Pr6.1.4a\/5a<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate and explain how responses to music are informed by the structure, the use of the elements of music, and context (social and cultural). MU: Re7.2.4a\/5a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"lesson-plan\"><span class=\"lesson-sub\">Common English Language Arts Standards (Fourth\/Fifth)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Determine one or more main ideas of a text and explain how they are supported by key details; summarize the text. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.2\/CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.5.2<\/li>\n<li>Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific information in the text. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3\/CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.5.3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Procedures: Opening Activity<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cToday we\u2019re going to learn about the Erie Canal. Does anyone know what the Erie Canal is, where it is, or what it was used for?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s learn the song and see what we can find out. I\u2019d like you to pay attention to both the lyrics of the song and the melody, because the music is also giving you a lot of information about what\u2019s going on in the song.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T plays a recording, passes out sheet music, or sings song in its entirety. Students sing song by looking at the sheet music (by note).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 class=\"song-title\">Erie Canal<\/h1>\n<p class=\"song-notes\">Thomas S. Allen, 1905<\/p>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer345\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173924\/06_07_erieCanal.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer346\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173927\/06_07_erieCanal1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer347\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173930\/06_07_erieCanal2.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer348\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173932\/06_07_erieCanal3.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer349\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173934\/06_07_erieCanal4.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer350\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173937\/06_07_erieCanal5.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer351\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173939\/06_07_erieCanal6.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Procedures: Music Analysis<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cFirst, let\u2019s think about the music. Can anyone tell me how many sections there are to the song? Where does the second section begin?\u201d <em>T plays or sings again if necessary, and students also sing.<\/em> (Second section begins at \u201cLow bridge.\u201d)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThis is known as AB form, which means that the music contains two distinct sections. How can you tell that the sections are musically different?\u201d (There is a slowing down at the end of the first section. It sounds different than the first. The pitches and scale sound different.)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThe \u2018slowing down\u2019 is caused by two <em>fermatas,<\/em> which means \u2018hold\u2019 in Italian. The symbol looks like an eye. When a note has a <em>fermata<\/em> on it, you hold it for about twice the length of time.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cLet\u2019s sing \u2018Buffalo\u2019 again to practice the <em>fermatas<\/em>.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer352\" class=\"picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173941\/06_08_toBuffalo.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cThe other musical clue that you\u2019re hearing is that the song is actually in two different modes or scales. The first part is minor, usually associated with sadness or melancholy, and the second part is major, which is usually associated with happiness or joy.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cCan you think of another song that\u2019s in minor that is an unhappy one?\u201d (\u201cHey Ho Nobody Home,\u201d \u201cJohnny Has Gone for a Soldier,\u201d etc.)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat do all of these songs have in common emotionally?\u201d (Sadness, loneliness, melancholy)<\/li>\n<li>T plays and shows the pitches of the major and minor scales. Students sing D R M F S L T D\u2019 for major and L, T, D R M F S L for minor. If T has an instrument, have students guess which scale is being played. If not, T can play clips from other songs or have them sing other short songs to reinforce the concepts of major and minor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>F Major D Minor<\/h5>\n<div class=\"_idGenObjectLayout-2\">\n<div id=\"_idContainer353\" class=\"music-bar\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"_idGenObjectAttribute-1\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1762\/2017\/06\/20173943\/06_09_fd_scales.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cWhy do you think the composer chose to end the first section with two <em>fermatas<\/em>?\u201d (To help the singer recognize the two sections, and to distinguish between the minor and major parts of the song)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Procedure: Literary Analysis<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat\u2019s happening in the song?\u201d (Various answers summarizing the text)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat was the Erie Canal used for? Why do you think the Erie Canal was built?\u201d (To transport things easily on water as there were no trains, or trucks at the time)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat types of things?\u201d (Lumber, coal, and hay)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhich towns does the canal connect in New York?\u201d (Albany and Buffalo)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhy does the composer write about a mule? What was the mule used for?\u201d (Hauling barges)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cGood! Does anyone know what a barge is?\u201d (A flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cHow do the barge and mule drivers know they are coming to a town?\u201d (Because they cross under a low bridge)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cHow does the singer feel when they are coming to a town?\u201d (Happy)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cHow do you know this?\u201d (Because they talk about meeting neighbors and pals)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cIs there something in the music that also tells you that the singer feels happy when coming to a town?\u201d (Yes, the major scale is used in the second part of the song)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cGood, what in the music tells you that the singer is not happy about losing their work hauling the barges?\u201d (The minor mode)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Procedure: Integrated Context<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cWhen thinking of the lyrics and the music, why might the composer have set the first part of the song to sad or minor music, and the second part to happier or major music?\u201d (The first part is talking about work and hauling barges, and the second is talking about coming to a town and meeting your neighbors.)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cThere\u2019s also another part to the history of this song. It was written just as the last mules were being used to haul or pull the barges and were being converted to steam power. If this is the case, why does the singer talk about the mule as a \u2018friend\u2019 or \u2018pal\u2019?\u201d (Because they\u2019ve been working together for years, and now they aren\u2019t going to be working any more pulling the barges.)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow I\u2019d like you to deduce something first by <em>not<\/em> looking at the map. We know that the canal goes from Buffalo to Albany, but can you tell me which great lake the canal connects to? Think! The song tells you.\u201d (Lake Erie)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cNow, let\u2019s look at the map. Can anyone see which waterway the canal connects to in Albany?\u201d (The Hudson River, leading to the Atlantic Ocean through New York City)<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cAlbany is not on the Atlantic Ocean, so the Hudson River was used to connect the two waterways.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Closure and Extension<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T: \u201cSo, to summarize, what impact might this have had on the city of New York in the 19th century to have it be one of the largest seaports in the U.S.?\u201d [This made New York City one of the most important ports and cities in the country, and helped the city grow and become home to many immigrants, workers, etc.]<\/li>\n<li>T: \u201cWhat do you think happened to all of the mules and mule drivers after they were replaced? Is there a musical indication that things turned out all right?\u201d [The switch to major mode and the sense of community and belonging at the end]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Assessing Your Lesson Plan<\/h4>\n<h5><em>Assessing the execution of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Observe students as they are performing by themselves and their ability to sing the song and identify the modes and binary form successfully.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are only a few students able to perform and identify? Are most students able to? Do students look puzzled or confused? Are they not engaging with the music or the questions?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><em>Assessing the content of the lesson:<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>Did the lesson address different types of learning? Multiple intelligences? National Standards? Learning objectives? Did it contain various modes of instructional input and modalities (e.g., lecture, demonstration, etc.)?<\/p>\n<h4>\u201cErie Canal\u201d Lesson<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Addresses different types of learning\u2014e.g.Visual, aural<\/li>\n<li>Addresses multiple intelligences\u2014e.g. Musical, logical\/mathematical, linguistic, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Contains appropriate Common Core or National Standards<\/li>\n<li>Contains clear and age-appropriate learning objectives\u2014Analysis of musical and literary ideas<\/li>\n<li>Uses a variety of music methods\/techniques\u2014Singing, rhythm, notation analysis<\/li>\n<li>Incorporates a variety of instructional modalities\u2014Lecture, demonstration, question\/answer, written word<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>III. Classroom Management<\/h1>\n<p>While lessons on paper are an integral and necessary step, the actual implementation of the lesson in front of a live class is quite another matter. Teachers all over the world have their own tips and hints as to what makes a good teacher and what makes a lesson successful, and reviewing a few ideas on classroom management is an extremely helpful first step. If the students aren\u2019t focused on the lesson, all of your preparatory work is for naught. Below are a few basic classroom management ideas to use when teaching music.<\/p>\n<h2>Classroom Behavior Management Techniques<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Don\u2019t be afraid to be the teacher!<\/li>\n<li>Tell students what you expect them to do. Don\u2019t ask them what they want to do. You are the teacher, and you set the agenda.<\/li>\n<li>Use positive reinforcement whenever possible.\n<ul>\n<li>Don\u2019t be afraid to point out places where students can improve. Show them the next level and let them strive to get there.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>When disciplining, select one person to stand out as a role model\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cLook how well Suzie, Frank, and Leticia are doing at\u2026let\u2019s see if we all can do that!\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pay attention to the <em>singing voice<\/em>! Check whether you yourself are singing correctly and check that the students are singing correctly as well.<\/li>\n<li>Use <em>magic<\/em>, <em>wonder,<\/em> and <em>surprise<\/em> whenever possible!\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cGuess what will happen next?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cWhat does this sound remind you of?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Add movement whenever possible\n<ul>\n<li>Hand gestures, small body movements, large body movements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Keep sweeping the room, checking to see that they are all \u201cgetting it.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Do not talk or give directions over the music; they won\u2019t hear you or the music.<\/li>\n<li>When handing out instruments, develop an orderly system for distribution and have a system in place to keep instruments quiet while you\u2019re talking.<\/li>\n<li>Talk less and do more.\n<ul>\n<li>Sing, play, and instrument or mime as meaningful substitutions for words and directions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Most importantly, have fun! If the material excites you, your students will be engaged as well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Resources<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Instruments Website: <a href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.onmusic.org\/terms\/1731-hornbostel-sachs\">Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification List<\/a><\/li>\n<li>National Standards in Music: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.educationworld.com\/standards\/national\/arts\/music\/k_4.shtml\">http:\/\/www.educationworld.com\/standards\/national\/arts\/music\/k_4.shtml<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Writing Lesson Plans: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120319224001\/http:\/\/www.huntington.edu\/dept_interior.aspx?id=2217\">http:\/\/www.huntington.edu\/dept_interior.aspx?id=2217<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>Vocabulary<\/h1>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">aerophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound by using air as the primary vibrating means (flutes, horns, whistle)<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">chordophones<\/span>: a term used for stringed instruments referring to instruments sounded by bowing, plucking, or striking a string that is stretched between two fixed points (violins)<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">concussion<\/span>: two similar objects struck together to create sound<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">electrophones<\/span>: electronic instruments that either have their sound generated electronically or acoustic instruments that have their sounds amplified<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">idiophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound from the material of the instrument itself; probably the largest category of classroom instruments; sounds produced through shaking, scraping, plucking, etc.<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">instrumentation<\/span>: source of sound and music that a child develops from hearing rhythm and a melody<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">membranophones<\/span>: instruments that produce sound by means of vibrating a stretched membrane (drums)<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">organology<\/span>: the classification of musical instruments around the world<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">percussion<\/span>: instrument caused to vibrate by striking it with a non-vibrating object such as a mallet or stick<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">pitched instruments<\/span>: instruments capable of making distinct notes and pitch changes while simultaneously following a rhythm (e.g., a piano, clarinet)<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">plucked<\/span>: instruments with a flexible tongue that is plucked to vibrate<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">scraped<\/span>: sound produced by scraping the instrument with a stick across grooves<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">shakers<\/span>: sound produced by small particles contained within the instrument<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">stamping<\/span>: striking the object on a hard surface to vibrate the object<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">syncopation<\/span>: to have rhythm that is \u201coff-beat\u201d or doesn\u2019t fall right on the beats of a song<\/p>\n<p class=\"vocab\"><span class=\"vocab\">unpitched instruments<\/span>: instruments incapable of making distinct notes and pitch changes, but have one pitch only; usually used to keep the rhythm and tempo steady (e.g., woodblock, claves)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-568\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Music and the Child. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Natalie Sarrazin. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: SUNY College at Brockport. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/textbooks.opensuny.org\/music-and-the-child\/\">https:\/\/textbooks.opensuny.org\/music-and-the-child\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Open SUNY Textbooks. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":19,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Music and the Child\",\"author\":\"Natalie Sarrazin\",\"organization\":\"SUNY College at Brockport\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/textbooks.opensuny.org\/music-and-the-child\/\",\"project\":\"Open SUNY Textbooks\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-568","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":21,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1991,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/568\/revisions\/1991"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/21"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/568\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=568"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=568"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-music-and-the-child\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}