{"id":1377,"date":"2017-07-07T20:21:19","date_gmt":"2017-07-07T20:21:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/astronomy\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1377"},"modified":"2017-07-24T15:47:10","modified_gmt":"2017-07-24T15:47:10","slug":"for-further-exploration-the-birth-of-stars-and-the-discovery-of-planets-outside-the-solar-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/chapter\/for-further-exploration-the-birth-of-stars-and-the-discovery-of-planets-outside-the-solar-system\/","title":{"raw":"For Further Exploration: The Birth of Stars and the Discovery of Planets outside the Solar System","rendered":"For Further Exploration: The Birth of Stars and the Discovery of Planets outside the Solar System"},"content":{"raw":"<h3>Articles<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Blaes, O. \"A Universe of Disks.\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (October 2004): 48. On accretion disks and jets around young stars and black holes.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Croswell, K. \"The Dust Belt Next Door [Tau Ceti].\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (January 2015): 24. Short intro to recent observations of planets and a wide dust belt.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Frank, A. \"Starmaker: The New Story of Stellar Birth.\" <em>Astronomy<\/em> (July 1996): 52.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Jayawardhana, R. \"Spying on Stellar Nurseries.\" <em>Astronomy<\/em> (November 1998): 62. On protoplanetary disks.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">O\u2019Dell, C. R. \"Exploring the Orion Nebula.\" <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (December 1994): 20. Good review with Hubble results.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Ray, T. \"Fountains of Youth: Early Days in the Life of a Star.\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (August 2000): 42. On outflows from young stars.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Young, E. \"Cloudy with a Chance of Stars.\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (February 2010): 34. On how clouds of interstellar matter turn into star systems.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Young, Monica \"Making Massive Stars.\" <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (October 2015): 24. Models and observations on how the most massive stars form.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Billings, L. \"In Search of Alien Jupiters.\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (August 2015): 40\u201347. The race to image jovian planets with current instruments and why a direct image of a terrestrial planet is still in the future.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Heller, R. \"Better Than Earth.\" <em>Scientific American<\/em> (January 2015): 32\u201339. What kinds of planets may be habitable; super-Earths and jovian planet moons should also be considered.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Laughlin, G. \"How Worlds Get Out of Whack.\" <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (May 2013): 26. On how planets can migrate from the places they form in a star system.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Marcy, G. \"The New Search for Distant Planets.\" <em>Astronomy<\/em> (October 2006): 30. Fine brief overview. (The same issue has a dramatic fold-out visual atlas of extrasolar planets, from that era.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Redd, N. \"Why Haven\u2019t We Found Another Earth?\" <em>Astronomy<\/em> (February 2016): 25. Looking for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone with evidence of life.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Seager, S. \"Exoplanets Everywhere.\" <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (August 2013): 18. An excellent discussion of some of the frequently asked questions about the nature and arrangement of planets out there.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Seager, S. \"The Hunt for Super-Earths.\" <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (October 2010): 30. The search for planets that are up to 10 times the mass of Earth and what they can teach us.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Villard, R. \"Hunting for Earthlike Planets.\" <em>Astronomy<\/em> (April 2011): 28. How we expect to find and characterize super-Earth (planets somewhat bigger than ours) using new instruments and techniques that could show us what their atmospheres are made of.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Websites and Apps<\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanet Exploration<\/a>: PlanetQuest (from the Navigator Program at the Jet Propulsion Lab) is probably the best site for students and beginners, with introductory materials and nice illustrations; it focuses mostly on NASA work and missions.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.planetary.org\/exoplanets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanets<\/a>: Planetary Society\u2019s exoplanets pages with a dynamic catalog of planets found and good explanations.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iop.org\/publications\/iop\/2010\/page_42551.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanets: The Search for Planets beyond Our Solar System<\/a>: From the British Institute of Physics in 2010.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/exoplanet.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia<\/a>: Maintained by Jean Schneider of the Paris Observatory, has the largest catalog of planet discoveries and useful background material (some of it more technical).\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/science\/formation_of_stars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Formation of Stars<\/a>: Star Formation page from the Hubble Space Telescope, with links to images and information.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/kepler.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kepler Mission<\/a>: The public website for the remarkable telescope in space that is searching planets using the transit technique and is our best hope for finding earthlike planets.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1629\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proxima Centauri Planet Discovery<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1629\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanet<\/a>: Allows you to browse through a regularly updated visual catalog of exoplanets that have been found so far.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/itunes.apple.com\/us\/app\/journey-to-the-exoplanets\/id463532472?mt=8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journey to the Exoplanets<\/a>: Produced by the staff of <em>Scientific American<\/em>, with input from scientists and space artists; gives background information and visual tours of the nearer star systems with planets.\r\n<h3>Videos<\/h3>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.discovery.com\/tv-shows\/other-shows\/videos\/how-the-universe-works-a-star-is-born\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Star Is Born<\/a>: Discovery Channel video with astronomer Michelle Thaller (2:25).\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=O7ItAXfl0Lw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Are We Alone: An Evening Dialogue with the Kepler Mission Leaders<\/a>: A non-technical panel discussion on Kepler results and ideas about planet formation with Bill Borucki, Natalie Batalha, and Gibor Basri (moderated by Andrew Fraknoi) at the University of California, Berkeley (2:07:01).\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZbijeR_AALo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finding the Next Earth: The Latest Results from Kepler<\/a>: Natalie Batalha (San Jose State University &amp; NASA Ames) public talk in the Silicon Valley Astronomy Lecture Series (1:28:38).\r\n\r\nFrom Hot Jupiters to Habitable Worlds: (<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/37696087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 1<\/a>) and (<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/37700700\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 2<\/a>). Debra Fischer (Yale University) public talk in Hawaii sponsored by the Keck Observatory (15:20 Part 1, 21:32 Part 2).\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RLWb_T9yaDU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Search for Habitable Exoplanets<\/a>: Sara Seeger (MIT) public talk at the SETI Institute, with Kepler results (1:10:35).\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_8ww9eLRSCg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strange Planetary Vistas<\/a>: Josh Carter (CfA) public talk at Harvard\u2019s Center for Astrophysics with a friendly introduction to exoplanets for non-specialists (46:35).","rendered":"<h3>Articles<\/h3>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Blaes, O. &#8220;A Universe of Disks.&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (October 2004): 48. On accretion disks and jets around young stars and black holes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Croswell, K. &#8220;The Dust Belt Next Door [Tau Ceti].&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (January 2015): 24. Short intro to recent observations of planets and a wide dust belt.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Frank, A. &#8220;Starmaker: The New Story of Stellar Birth.&#8221; <em>Astronomy<\/em> (July 1996): 52.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Jayawardhana, R. &#8220;Spying on Stellar Nurseries.&#8221; <em>Astronomy<\/em> (November 1998): 62. On protoplanetary disks.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">O\u2019Dell, C. R. &#8220;Exploring the Orion Nebula.&#8221; <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (December 1994): 20. Good review with Hubble results.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Ray, T. &#8220;Fountains of Youth: Early Days in the Life of a Star.&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (August 2000): 42. On outflows from young stars.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Young, E. &#8220;Cloudy with a Chance of Stars.&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (February 2010): 34. On how clouds of interstellar matter turn into star systems.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Young, Monica &#8220;Making Massive Stars.&#8221; <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (October 2015): 24. Models and observations on how the most massive stars form.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Billings, L. &#8220;In Search of Alien Jupiters.&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (August 2015): 40\u201347. The race to image jovian planets with current instruments and why a direct image of a terrestrial planet is still in the future.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Heller, R. &#8220;Better Than Earth.&#8221; <em>Scientific American<\/em> (January 2015): 32\u201339. What kinds of planets may be habitable; super-Earths and jovian planet moons should also be considered.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Laughlin, G. &#8220;How Worlds Get Out of Whack.&#8221; <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (May 2013): 26. On how planets can migrate from the places they form in a star system.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Marcy, G. &#8220;The New Search for Distant Planets.&#8221; <em>Astronomy<\/em> (October 2006): 30. Fine brief overview. (The same issue has a dramatic fold-out visual atlas of extrasolar planets, from that era.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Redd, N. &#8220;Why Haven\u2019t We Found Another Earth?&#8221; <em>Astronomy<\/em> (February 2016): 25. Looking for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone with evidence of life.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Seager, S. &#8220;Exoplanets Everywhere.&#8221; <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (August 2013): 18. An excellent discussion of some of the frequently asked questions about the nature and arrangement of planets out there.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Seager, S. &#8220;The Hunt for Super-Earths.&#8221; <em>Sky &amp; Telescope<\/em> (October 2010): 30. The search for planets that are up to 10 times the mass of Earth and what they can teach us.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\">Villard, R. &#8220;Hunting for Earthlike Planets.&#8221; <em>Astronomy<\/em> (April 2011): 28. How we expect to find and characterize super-Earth (planets somewhat bigger than ours) using new instruments and techniques that could show us what their atmospheres are made of.<\/p>\n<h3>Websites and Apps<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanet Exploration<\/a>: PlanetQuest (from the Navigator Program at the Jet Propulsion Lab) is probably the best site for students and beginners, with introductory materials and nice illustrations; it focuses mostly on NASA work and missions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.planetary.org\/exoplanets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanets<\/a>: Planetary Society\u2019s exoplanets pages with a dynamic catalog of planets found and good explanations.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iop.org\/publications\/iop\/2010\/page_42551.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanets: The Search for Planets beyond Our Solar System<\/a>: From the British Institute of Physics in 2010.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/exoplanet.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia<\/a>: Maintained by Jean Schneider of the Paris Observatory, has the largest catalog of planet discoveries and useful background material (some of it more technical).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/science\/formation_of_stars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Formation of Stars<\/a>: Star Formation page from the Hubble Space Telescope, with links to images and information.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kepler.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kepler Mission<\/a>: The public website for the remarkable telescope in space that is searching planets using the transit technique and is our best hope for finding earthlike planets.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1629\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proxima Centauri Planet Discovery<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/news\/eso1629\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exoplanet<\/a>: Allows you to browse through a regularly updated visual catalog of exoplanets that have been found so far.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/itunes.apple.com\/us\/app\/journey-to-the-exoplanets\/id463532472?mt=8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journey to the Exoplanets<\/a>: Produced by the staff of <em>Scientific American<\/em>, with input from scientists and space artists; gives background information and visual tours of the nearer star systems with planets.<\/p>\n<h3>Videos<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.discovery.com\/tv-shows\/other-shows\/videos\/how-the-universe-works-a-star-is-born\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Star Is Born<\/a>: Discovery Channel video with astronomer Michelle Thaller (2:25).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=O7ItAXfl0Lw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Are We Alone: An Evening Dialogue with the Kepler Mission Leaders<\/a>: A non-technical panel discussion on Kepler results and ideas about planet formation with Bill Borucki, Natalie Batalha, and Gibor Basri (moderated by Andrew Fraknoi) at the University of California, Berkeley (2:07:01).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZbijeR_AALo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finding the Next Earth: The Latest Results from Kepler<\/a>: Natalie Batalha (San Jose State University &amp; NASA Ames) public talk in the Silicon Valley Astronomy Lecture Series (1:28:38).<\/p>\n<p>From Hot Jupiters to Habitable Worlds: (<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/37696087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 1<\/a>) and (<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/37700700\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 2<\/a>). Debra Fischer (Yale University) public talk in Hawaii sponsored by the Keck Observatory (15:20 Part 1, 21:32 Part 2).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RLWb_T9yaDU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Search for Habitable Exoplanets<\/a>: Sara Seeger (MIT) public talk at the SETI Institute, with Kepler results (1:10:35).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_8ww9eLRSCg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strange Planetary Vistas<\/a>: Josh Carter (CfA) public talk at Harvard\u2019s Center for Astrophysics with a friendly introduction to exoplanets for non-specialists (46:35).<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1377\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Astronomy. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax CNX. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/2e737be8-ea65-48c3-aa0a-9f35b4c6a966@10.1\">http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/2e737be8-ea65-48c3-aa0a-9f35b4c6a966@10.1<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/2e737be8-ea65-48c3-aa0a-9f35b4c6a966@10.1<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Astronomy\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax CNX\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/2e737be8-ea65-48c3-aa0a-9f35b4c6a966@10.1\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/2e737be8-ea65-48c3-aa0a-9f35b4c6a966@10.1\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1377","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":631,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1377\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2037,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1377\/revisions\/2037"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/631"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1377\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1377"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1377"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-ncc-astronomy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}