Early Medieval Art: An Outline

The Goths of Scandinavia and the Huns of Eastern Europe set the Migration Period in motion as they began to move westwards. This set off a sequence of dislocations of peoples moving along the borders of the Roman Empire. The art of the Migration Period is comprised of a combination of pagan and Christian elements as ideas old and new were fused.  During this period of movement, the arts of large scale building or monumental sculpture were relatively unimportant, as more suited to permanently settled communities. Most art objects were portable. Nomadic peoples made horse trappings, jewelry, belt buckles, pins (called fibulae), weapons and wore gorgeous costumes.  Toward the end of the era, artists began making chalices, reliquaries, and book covers for the church. Manuscript illumination was also important as an art form.  Monks who worked in  monastic communities in Ireland and England made copies of manuscripts from the Classical world and the Early Christian period. The Hiberno-Saxon (Irish-English) style, the most innovative of the Migration Period was spread by Irish and English missionaries to Germany and elsewhere on the continent.