{"id":297,"date":"2016-07-17T02:21:12","date_gmt":"2016-07-17T02:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level3-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=297"},"modified":"2020-07-01T20:08:01","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T20:08:01","slug":"text-defining-plagiarism","status":"web-only","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-newpaltz-engcomp1\/chapter\/text-defining-plagiarism\/","title":{"raw":"Defining Plagiarism","rendered":"Defining Plagiarism"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>What Counts as Plagiarism?<\/h2>\r\nPlagiarism can be <strong>intentional<\/strong> or <strong>unintentional<\/strong>. It often occurs because the process of citation can be confusing, technology makes copy + paste so easy, and knowing exactly what to cite is not always easy! <strong>You can avoid unintentional plagiarism by learning how to cite material and keeping track of sources in your notes. Give yourself plenty of time to process sources so you don\u2019t plagiarize by mistake<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nHere are some examples of plagiarism:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Submitting a paper written by someone else.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Using words and phrases from the source text and patching them together in new sentences with no quotation marks.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Failing to acknowledge the sources of words or information.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Not providing quotation marks around a direct quotation.<\/strong> This leads to the false assumption that the words are your own.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Borrowing the idea or opinion of someone else without giving the person credit<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Restating or paraphrasing a passage without citing the original author<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Borrowing facts or statistics that are not common knowledge without proper acknowledgement<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Reusing an entire essay or parts of an essay written in a previous class without asking permission of the second instructor first (self-plagiarism).<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Unintentional Plagiarism<\/h2>\r\nRead this passage from the SUNY New Paltz statement on academic integrity and plagiarism:\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>\"Ignorance of the academic integrity policies does not constitute a defense. It is the student's\u00a0responsibility to understand and to adhere to this policy.\"<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\nThis means that all students are expected to know what plagiarism is. <span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>When in doubt, ask your instructor.<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<h2>Six different examples of plagiarism: the 404 Error; the Clone, the Copy and Paste, the Mash-Up, the Recycle (self-plagiarism) and the Find and Replace<\/h2>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1017\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"999\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1017\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/21134438\/Screen-Shot-2016-07-21-at-9.44.12-AM.png\" alt=\"Six different examples of plagiarism. 404 Error: inaccurate citations or citations to non-existent sources; clone: submitting another's work; copy and paste: copies portions from other texts; mash-up: mixes copied material from multiple sources; recycle: borrows from your previous work; find and replace: changing key words or phrases only.\" width=\"999\" height=\"320\" \/> <strong>The plagiarism spectrum.<\/strong> There are many different ways to plagiarize. It is your responsibility to know what constitutes plagiarism so you can avoid it in your assignments.[\/caption]\r\n<table style=\"font-weight: 500;height: 418px\" width=\"1335\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 613.5px\">\r\n<h1 style=\"font-weight: 500;text-align: center\"><b><strong>Obvious Plagiarism<\/strong><\/b><\/h1>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 695.5px\">\r\n<h1 style=\"font-weight: 500;text-align: center\"><b><strong>Less Obvious Plagiarism<\/strong><\/b><\/h1>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 613.5px\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Turning in someone else\u2019s paper as one\u2019s own.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Turning in a paper that was bought from a service on the Internet.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Reusing a paper previously turned in for one class and then submitting the same paper or portions of it for subsequent classes without permission of the instructor (self-plagiarism).<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Cutting and pasting entire sections from other authors\u2019 works into one\u2019s own paper.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Using another author\u2019s exact words but not putting quotation marks around the quote and citing the work.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 695.5px\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Failing to differentiate between common knowledge and something that needs to be cited.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Failing to include complete and correct citations.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Sticking too closely to another author\u2019s words by only changing a few words around when paraphrasing---<span style=\"color: #800000\">this is plagiarism, even if you have included a citation (see below).<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<h2>Using another author\u2019s exact words but not putting quotation marks around the quote even if one cites the work.<\/h2>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<h2>4 More Plagiarism Examples: The Aggregator, the Retweet (AKA Patchwriting), the Hybrid, and the Remix<\/h2>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1018\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"543\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1018\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/21134540\/Screen-Shot-2016-07-21-at-9.45.19-AM.png\" alt=\"4 more plagiarism examples. Aggregator: includes proper citation to sources but almost no original work; retweet: proper citation, but relies too closely on the original wording; hybrid: combines perfectly cited sources and copied passages in the same paper; remix: paraphrases from multiple sources made to fit together.\" width=\"543\" height=\"411\" \/> More ways to plagiarize.[\/caption]\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\">Why Should You Care?<\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Being honest and maintaining integrity in your academic work is a sign of character and professionalism. In addition to maximizing your own learning and taking ownership of your academic success, not plagiarizing is important because<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"text-align: left\">\r\n \t<li>Your professors assign research projects to help you learn. You cheat yourself when you substitute someone else's work for your own.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>You don't like it when someone else takes credit for your ideas, so don't do it to someone else.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Plagiarizing\u00a0comes with consequences. Depending on the offense and the institution, you may be asked to rewrite plagiarized work, receive a failing grade on the assignment, fail the entire course, or be suspended from the university.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Professors\u00a0use search engines, databases, and specialized software to check suspicious work, so you will eventually get caught.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\" style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><\/p>","rendered":"<h2>What Counts as Plagiarism?<\/h2>\n<p>Plagiarism can be <strong>intentional<\/strong> or <strong>unintentional<\/strong>. It often occurs because the process of citation can be confusing, technology makes copy + paste so easy, and knowing exactly what to cite is not always easy! <strong>You can avoid unintentional plagiarism by learning how to cite material and keeping track of sources in your notes. Give yourself plenty of time to process sources so you don\u2019t plagiarize by mistake<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some examples of plagiarism:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Submitting a paper written by someone else.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Using words and phrases from the source text and patching them together in new sentences with no quotation marks.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Failing to acknowledge the sources of words or information.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Not providing quotation marks around a direct quotation.<\/strong> This leads to the false assumption that the words are your own.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Borrowing the idea or opinion of someone else without giving the person credit<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Restating or paraphrasing a passage without citing the original author<\/li>\n<li>Borrowing facts or statistics that are not common knowledge without proper acknowledgement<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reusing an entire essay or parts of an essay written in a previous class without asking permission of the second instructor first (self-plagiarism).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Unintentional Plagiarism<\/h2>\n<p>Read this passage from the SUNY New Paltz statement on academic integrity and plagiarism:\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff\"><strong>&#8220;Ignorance of the academic integrity policies does not constitute a defense. It is the student&#8217;s\u00a0responsibility to understand and to adhere to this policy.&#8221;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This means that all students are expected to know what plagiarism is. <span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>When in doubt, ask your instructor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Six different examples of plagiarism: the 404 Error; the Clone, the Copy and Paste, the Mash-Up, the Recycle (self-plagiarism) and the Find and Replace<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_1017\" style=\"width: 1009px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1017\" class=\"wp-image-1017\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/21134438\/Screen-Shot-2016-07-21-at-9.44.12-AM.png\" alt=\"Six different examples of plagiarism. 404 Error: inaccurate citations or citations to non-existent sources; clone: submitting another's work; copy and paste: copies portions from other texts; mash-up: mixes copied material from multiple sources; recycle: borrows from your previous work; find and replace: changing key words or phrases only.\" width=\"999\" height=\"320\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1017\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>The plagiarism spectrum.<\/strong> There are many different ways to plagiarize. It is your responsibility to know what constitutes plagiarism so you can avoid it in your assignments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<table style=\"font-weight: 500;height: 418px; width: 1335px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 613.5px\">\n<h1 style=\"font-weight: 500;text-align: center\"><b><strong>Obvious Plagiarism<\/strong><\/b><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 695.5px\">\n<h1 style=\"font-weight: 500;text-align: center\"><b><strong>Less Obvious Plagiarism<\/strong><\/b><\/h1>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 613.5px\">\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h2>Turning in someone else\u2019s paper as one\u2019s own.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Turning in a paper that was bought from a service on the Internet.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Reusing a paper previously turned in for one class and then submitting the same paper or portions of it for subsequent classes without permission of the instructor (self-plagiarism).<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Cutting and pasting entire sections from other authors\u2019 works into one\u2019s own paper.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Using another author\u2019s exact words but not putting quotation marks around the quote and citing the work.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 695.5px\">\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h2>Failing to differentiate between common knowledge and something that needs to be cited.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Failing to include complete and correct citations.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Sticking too closely to another author\u2019s words by only changing a few words around when paraphrasing&#8212;<span style=\"color: #800000\">this is plagiarism, even if you have included a citation (see below).<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h2>Using another author\u2019s exact words but not putting quotation marks around the quote even if one cites the work.<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>4 More Plagiarism Examples: The Aggregator, the Retweet (AKA Patchwriting), the Hybrid, and the Remix<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_1018\" style=\"width: 553px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1018\" class=\"wp-image-1018\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/107\/2016\/07\/21134540\/Screen-Shot-2016-07-21-at-9.45.19-AM.png\" alt=\"4 more plagiarism examples. Aggregator: includes proper citation to sources but almost no original work; retweet: proper citation, but relies too closely on the original wording; hybrid: combines perfectly cited sources and copied passages in the same paper; remix: paraphrases from multiple sources made to fit together.\" width=\"543\" height=\"411\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1018\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">More ways to plagiarize.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\">Why Should You Care?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Being honest and maintaining integrity in your academic work is a sign of character and professionalism. In addition to maximizing your own learning and taking ownership of your academic success, not plagiarizing is important because<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: left\">\n<li>Your professors assign research projects to help you learn. You cheat yourself when you substitute someone else&#8217;s work for your own.<\/li>\n<li>You don&#8217;t like it when someone else takes credit for your ideas, so don&#8217;t do it to someone else.<\/li>\n<li>Plagiarizing\u00a0comes with consequences. Depending on the offense and the institution, you may be asked to rewrite plagiarized work, receive a failing grade on the assignment, fail the entire course, or be suspended from the university.<\/li>\n<li>Professors\u00a0use search engines, databases, and specialized software to check suspicious work, so you will eventually get caught.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\" style=\"text-align: center\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-297\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Types of Plagiarism Chart. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Denise Woetzel. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Reynolds Community College Library. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/libguides.reynolds.edu\/c.php?g=143583&#038;p=939831\">http:\/\/libguides.reynolds.edu\/c.php?g=143583&#038;p=939831<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Section on Unintentional Plagiarism. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Community College of Vermont. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tutorials.libraries.vsc.edu\/plagiarism\/unintentional\/after\">http:\/\/tutorials.libraries.vsc.edu\/plagiarism\/unintentional\/after<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Understanding Plagiarism Tutorial. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Academic Integrity Tutorial, What Counts as Plagiarism?. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: University of Maryland University College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.umuc.edu\/students\/academic-integrity\/ai-tutorial\/academic-integrity-tutorial.html\">http:\/\/www.umuc.edu\/students\/academic-integrity\/ai-tutorial\/academic-integrity-tutorial.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Pot of Gold: Information Literacy Tutorial, Why Should You Care?. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: University of Notre Dame. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/library.nd.edu\/instruction\/potofgold\/utilizing\/?page=8\">http:\/\/library.nd.edu\/instruction\/potofgold\/utilizing\/?page=8<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Plagiarism Self-Test. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Colorado State University Tilt Academic Integrity Program. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/tilt.colostate.edu\/integrity\/resources\/quiz\/\">http:\/\/tilt.colostate.edu\/integrity\/resources\/quiz\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: A collaborative project funded by the Center for Educational Technology and developed by Colby College, Bates College and Bowdoin College.. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Quiz questions 7 and 8, from the Search for the Skunk Ape . <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Florida Gulf Coast University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.softchalkcloud.com\/lesson\/serve\/cYCsWVMO9zDh8B\/html\">https:\/\/www.softchalkcloud.com\/lesson\/serve\/cYCsWVMO9zDh8B\/html<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Research Using FGCU Library. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Plagiarism pictures from Using Information Ethically tutorial. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Lindsey McLean, Susan Gardner Archambault, and Elisa Slater Acosta. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Loyola Marymount University William H. Hannon Library. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/electra.lmu.edu\/LGRL\/UIE2014\/\">http:\/\/electra.lmu.edu\/LGRL\/UIE2014\/<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Lion&#039;s Guide to Research and the Library. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Types of Plagiarism Chart\",\"author\":\"Denise Woetzel\",\"organization\":\"Reynolds Community College Library\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/libguides.reynolds.edu\/c.php?g=143583&p=939831\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Section on Unintentional Plagiarism\",\"author\":\"Community College of Vermont\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/tutorials.libraries.vsc.edu\/plagiarism\/unintentional\/after\",\"project\":\"Understanding Plagiarism Tutorial\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Academic Integrity Tutorial, What Counts as Plagiarism?\",\"author\":\"University of Maryland University College\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.umuc.edu\/students\/academic-integrity\/ai-tutorial\/academic-integrity-tutorial.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Pot of Gold: Information Literacy Tutorial, Why Should You Care?\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"University of Notre Dame\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/library.nd.edu\/instruction\/potofgold\/utilizing\/?page=8\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Plagiarism Self-Test\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Colorado State University Tilt Academic Integrity Program\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/tilt.colostate.edu\/integrity\/resources\/quiz\/\",\"project\":\"A collaborative project funded by the Center for Educational Technology and developed by Colby College, Bates College and Bowdoin College.\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Quiz questions 7 and 8, from the Search for the Skunk Ape \",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Florida Gulf Coast University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.softchalkcloud.com\/lesson\/serve\/cYCsWVMO9zDh8B\/html\",\"project\":\"Research Using FGCU Library\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Plagiarism pictures from Using Information Ethically tutorial\",\"author\":\"Lindsey McLean, Susan Gardner Archambault, and Elisa Slater Acosta\",\"organization\":\"Loyola Marymount University William H. 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