{"id":1065,"date":"2017-10-27T16:54:48","date_gmt":"2017-10-27T16:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-nutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=1065"},"modified":"2017-11-14T17:55:58","modified_gmt":"2017-11-14T17:55:58","slug":"13-1-electrolytes","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-nutrition\/chapter\/13-1-electrolytes\/","title":{"raw":"13.1 Electrolytes","rendered":"13.1 Electrolytes"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nElectrolytes are compounds that separate into ions (molecules with a charge) in water. Electrolytes can be separated into 2 classes:\r\n\r\nCations: ions that have a positive charge\r\nAnions: ions that have a negative charge\r\n\r\nThe following table summarizes the major intracellular and extracellular electrolytes by giving their milliequivalents (mEq)\/L. Milliequivalents are a measure of charge. Thus, a higher value means that the cation or anion is accounting for more charge.\r\n\r\nTable 13.11 Major intracellular and extracellular electrolytes (mEq\/L)1,2<\/sup>\r\n\r\nIntracellular \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Extracellular\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Cations<\/b><\/td>\r\n\u00a0Anions<\/b><\/td>\r\nCations<\/b><\/td>\r\nAnions<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Potassium (K+) 150<\/td>\r\nPhosphate (PO4-) 104<\/td>\r\nSodium (Na+) 142<\/td>\r\nChloride (Cl-) 103<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Magnesium (Mg2+) 40<\/td>\r\nProteins 57<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nBicarbonate (HCO3-) 27<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
<\/td>\r\nSulfate (SO42-) 20<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nProteins 16<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nThe following figure graphically shows the major intracellular and extracellular cations (green) and anions (red).\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"787\"]\"\" Figure 13.11 Major intracellular and extracellular cations (green) and anions (red)[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nElectrolytes and proteins are important in fluid balance. Your body is 60% water by weight. Two-thirds of this water is intracellular, or within cells. One-third of the water is extracellular, or outside of cells. One-fourth of the extracellular fluid is plasma, while the other 3\/4 is interstitial (between cells) fluid. Thus, when considering total body water, around 66% is intracellular fluid, 25% is interstitial fluid, and 8% is plasma3,4<\/sup>.\r\n\r\nFluid distribution between the different compartments are shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"926\"]\"\" Figure 13.12 Distribution of fluid in the body[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

References & Links<\/h3>\r\n\r\n1. Byrd-Bredbenner C, Moe G, Beshgetoor D, Berning J. (2009) Wardlaw's perspectives in nutrition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.\r\n\r\n2. Whitney E, Rolfes SR. (2011) Understanding nutrition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.\r\n\r\n3. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.\r\n\r\n4. Adapted from http:\/\/www.netterimages.com\/image\/21248.htm\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
\n

Electrolytes are compounds that separate into ions (molecules with a charge) in water. Electrolytes can be separated into 2 classes:<\/p>\n

Cations: ions that have a positive charge
\nAnions: ions that have a negative charge<\/p>\n

The following table summarizes the major intracellular and extracellular electrolytes by giving their milliequivalents (mEq)\/L. Milliequivalents are a measure of charge. Thus, a higher value means that the cation or anion is accounting for more charge.<\/p>\n

Table 13.11 Major intracellular and extracellular electrolytes (mEq\/L)1,2<\/sup><\/p>\n

Intracellular \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Extracellular<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Cations<\/b><\/td>\n\u00a0Anions<\/b><\/td>\nCations<\/b><\/td>\nAnions<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Potassium (K+) 150<\/td>\nPhosphate (PO4-) 104<\/td>\nSodium (Na+) 142<\/td>\nChloride (Cl-) 103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnesium (Mg2+) 40<\/td>\nProteins 57<\/td>\n<\/td>\nBicarbonate (HCO3-) 27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nSulfate (SO42-) 20<\/td>\n<\/td>\nProteins 16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The following figure graphically shows the major intracellular and extracellular cations (green) and anions (red).<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 13.11 Major intracellular and extracellular cations (green) and anions (red)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Electrolytes and proteins are important in fluid balance. Your body is 60% water by weight. Two-thirds of this water is intracellular, or within cells. One-third of the water is extracellular, or outside of cells. One-fourth of the extracellular fluid is plasma, while the other 3\/4 is interstitial (between cells) fluid. Thus, when considering total body water, around 66% is intracellular fluid, 25% is interstitial fluid, and 8% is plasma3,4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Fluid distribution between the different compartments are shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 13.12 Distribution of fluid in the body<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

References & Links<\/h3>\n

1. Byrd-Bredbenner C, Moe G, Beshgetoor D, Berning J. (2009) Wardlaw’s perspectives in nutrition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.<\/p>\n

2. Whitney E, Rolfes SR. (2011) Understanding nutrition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.<\/p>\n

3. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.<\/p>\n

4. Adapted from http:\/\/www.netterimages.com\/image\/21248.htm<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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