{"id":802,"date":"2017-10-26T16:32:40","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T16:32:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=802"},"modified":"2017-11-14T16:21:00","modified_gmt":"2017-11-14T16:21:00","slug":"10-51-niacin-functions","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-nutrition\/chapter\/10-51-niacin-functions\/","title":{"raw":"10.51 Niacin Functions","rendered":"10.51 Niacin Functions"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nApproximately 200 enzymes require NAD or NADP+. We will go through some selected functions of NAD and NADP+. The following figures and legends show and describe the functions of NAD and NADP+.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"354\"]\"\" Figure 10.511 NAD is required for glycolysis1<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"854\"]\"\" Figure 10.512 NAD is required for the transition reaction and at three different points in the citric acid cycle2<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"921\"]\"\" Figure 10.513 NAD is required for fatty acid oxidation[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1157\"]\"\" Figure 10.514 Alcohol oxidation; NAD is required by alcohol dehydrogenase, and the MEOS uses NADPH3,4<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1110\"]\"\" Figure 10.515 Fatty acid synthesis uses NADPH5<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nHMG CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, uses NADPH. NADPH is also used by the antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase as shown in the link below6<\/sup>.\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n

Web Link<\/h3>\r\n\r\n-The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle<\/u><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

References & Links<\/h3>\r\n\r\n1. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CellRespiration.svg\r\n\r\n2. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg\r\n\r\n3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ethanol_flat_structure.png\r\n\r\n4. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acetaldehyde#\/media\/File:Acetaldehyde-2D-flat.svg\r\n\r\n5. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mitochondrion\r\n\r\n6. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.\r\n\r\n

Links<\/h3>\r\n

The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle - http:\/\/lpi.oregonstate.edu\/infocenter\/minerals\/selenium\/gsh.html<\/h3>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
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Approximately 200 enzymes require NAD or NADP+. We will go through some selected functions of NAD and NADP+. The following figures and legends show and describe the functions of NAD and NADP+.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 10.511 NAD is required for glycolysis1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Figure 10.512 NAD is required for the transition reaction and at three different points in the citric acid cycle2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 10.513 NAD is required for fatty acid oxidation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 10.514 Alcohol oxidation; NAD is required by alcohol dehydrogenase, and the MEOS uses NADPH3,4<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 10.515 Fatty acid synthesis uses NADPH5<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

HMG CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, uses NADPH. NADPH is also used by the antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase as shown in the link below6<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
\n

Web Link<\/h3>\n

–The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle<\/u><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

References & Links<\/h3>\n

1. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CellRespiration.svg<\/p>\n

2. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Citric_acid_cycle_with_aconitate_2.svg<\/p>\n

3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ethanol_flat_structure.png<\/p>\n

4. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acetaldehyde#\/media\/File:Acetaldehyde-2D-flat.svg<\/p>\n

5. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mitochondrion<\/p>\n

6. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.<\/p>\n

Links<\/h3>\n

The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle – http:\/\/lpi.oregonstate.edu\/infocenter\/minerals\/selenium\/gsh.html<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t
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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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