{"id":979,"date":"2017-10-26T17:17:56","date_gmt":"2017-10-26T17:17:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/sunynutrition\/?post_type=chapter&p=979"},"modified":"2017-11-14T17:24:38","modified_gmt":"2017-11-14T17:24:38","slug":"12-31-phosphorus-functions","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-nutrition\/chapter\/12-31-phosphorus-functions\/","title":{"raw":"12.31 Phosphorus Functions","rendered":"12.31 Phosphorus Functions"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nPhosphorus has a number of functions in the body.\r\n\r\nPhosphate is a component of hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth, as described earlier.\r\n\r\nNon-bone functions include:\r\n\r\n

Phosphorylation<\/h3>\r\n\r\nPhosphates are used to activate and deactivate a number of proteins. In addition, compounds are also frequently phosphorylated, like the monosaccharides shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1093\"]\"\" Figure 12.311 Uptake of monosaccharides into the hepatocyte1<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Phospholipids<\/h3>\r\n\r\nPhosphates are a component of phospholipids, as shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"530\"]\"\" Figure 12.312 Structure of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)2<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

DNA\/RNA<\/h3>\r\n\r\nDNA\/RNA have a phosphate backbone as shown below.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"514\"]\"\" Figure 12.313 Structure of DNA3<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

ATP<\/h3>\r\n\r\nThe major energy currency, ATP, stores energy in its phosphate bonds.\r\n
\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"800\"]\"\" Figure 12.314 Structure of ATP4<\/sup>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Secondary Messengers<\/h3>\r\n\r\nThe intracellular secondary messengers cyclic AMP (cAMP) and inositol triphosphate (IP3) both contain phosphate. The action of these secondary messengers can be seen in the links below.\r\n<\/colgroup>\r\n\r\n\r\n

Web Links<\/h3>\r\n\r\ncAMP<\/u><\/a>\r\n\r\nIP<\/u><\/a>3<\/u><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nOther functions of phosphate include:\r\n\r\nAcid\/Base Balance\r\n\r\nIntracellular Anion\r\n\r\n

References & Links<\/h3>\r\n\r\n1. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.\r\n\r\n2.\u00a0http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Popc_details.svg\r\n\r\n3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:DNA_chemical_structure.svg\r\n\r\n4. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:ATP_structure.svg\r\n\r\n

Links<\/h3>\r\n\r\ncAMP - http:\/\/courses.washington.edu\/conj\/gprotein\/cyclicamp.htm\r\n\r\nIP3 - http:\/\/courses.washington.edu\/conj\/gprotein\/ip3.htm\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
\n

Phosphorus has a number of functions in the body.<\/p>\n

Phosphate is a component of hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth, as described earlier.<\/p>\n

Non-bone functions include:<\/p>\n

Phosphorylation<\/h3>\n

Phosphates are used to activate and deactivate a number of proteins. In addition, compounds are also frequently phosphorylated, like the monosaccharides shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 12.311 Uptake of monosaccharides into the hepatocyte1<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Phospholipids<\/h3>\n

Phosphates are a component of phospholipids, as shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 12.312 Structure of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

DNA\/RNA<\/h3>\n

DNA\/RNA have a phosphate backbone as shown below.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 12.313 Structure of DNA3<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

ATP<\/h3>\n

The major energy currency, ATP, stores energy in its phosphate bonds.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 12.314 Structure of ATP4<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Secondary Messengers<\/h3>\n

The intracellular secondary messengers cyclic AMP (cAMP) and inositol triphosphate (IP3) both contain phosphate. The action of these secondary messengers can be seen in the links below.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
\n

Web Links<\/h3>\n

cAMP<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n

IP<\/u><\/a>3<\/u><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Other functions of phosphate include:<\/p>\n

Acid\/Base Balance<\/p>\n

Intracellular Anion<\/p>\n

References & Links<\/h3>\n

1. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Popc_details.svg<\/p>\n

3. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:DNA_chemical_structure.svg<\/p>\n

4. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:ATP_structure.svg<\/p>\n

Links<\/h3>\n

cAMP – http:\/\/courses.washington.edu\/conj\/gprotein\/cyclicamp.htm<\/p>\n

IP3 – http:\/\/courses.washington.edu\/conj\/gprotein\/ip3.htm<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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