Astronomical Data

Astronomical Data
Celestial Object Mean Distance from Sun (million km) Period of Revolution (d = days) (y = years) Period of Rotation at Equator Eccentricity of Orbit
Sun − − 27 d −
Mercury 57.9 88 d 59 d 0.206
Venus 108.2 224.7 d 243 d 0.007
Earth 149.6 365.26 d 23 h 56 min 4 s 0.017
Mars 227.9 687 d 24 h 37 min 23 s 0.093
Jupiter 778.4 11.9 y 9 h 50 min 30 s 0.048
Saturn 1426.7 29.5 6 10 h 14 min 0.054
Uranus 2871.0 84.0 y 17 h 14 min 0.047
Neptune 4498.3 164.8 y 16 h 0.009
Earth’s Moon 149.6 (0.386 from Earth) 27.3 d 27.3 d 0.055
Celestial Object Equatorial Diameter (km) Mass (Earth = 1) Density (g/cm3)
Sun 1,392,000 333,000.00 1.4
Mercury 4879 0.06 5.4
Venus 12,104 0.82 5.2
Earth 12,756 1.00 5.5
Mars 6794 0.11 3.9
Jupiter 142,984 317.83 1.3
Saturn 120,536 95.16 0.7
Uranus 51,118 14.54 1.3
Neptune 49,528 17.15 1.6
Earth’s Moon 3476 0.01 3.3

Other Data:

Mass of Earth: $$ 5.97\,×\,{10}^{24}\,\text{kg}$$

Mass of the Moon: $$ 7.36\,×\,{10}^{22}\,\text{kg}$$

Mass of the Sun: $$ 1.99\,×\,{10}^{30}\,\text{kg}$$