{"id":1375,"date":"2018-02-26T20:35:48","date_gmt":"2018-02-26T20:35:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/?post_type=back-matter&#038;p=1375"},"modified":"2018-02-26T20:35:48","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T20:35:48","slug":"chemistry","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/back-matter\/chemistry\/","title":{"raw":"Chemistry","rendered":"Chemistry"},"content":{"raw":"<p><span id=\"fs-id1171242178526\"><br \/><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2952\/2018\/01\/31202227\/CNX_UPhysics_00_CC_Periodic_img.jpg\" alt=\"The Periodic Table of Elements is shown. The 18 columns are labeled &#x201C;Group&#x201D; and the 7 rows are labeled &#x201C;Period.&#x201D; Below the table to the right is a box labeled &#x201C;Color Code&#x201D; with different colors for metals, metalloids, and nonmetals, as well as solids, liquids, and gases. To the left of this box is an enlarged picture of the upper-left most box on the table. The number 1 is in its upper-left hand corner and is labeled &#x201C;Atomic number.&#x201D; The letter &#x201C;H&#x201D; is in the middle in red indicating that it is a gas. It is labeled &#x201C;Symbol.&#x201D; Below that is the number 1.008 which is labeled &#x201C;Atomic Mass.&#x201D; Below that is the word hydrogen which is labeled &#x201C;name.&#x201D; The color of the box indicates that it is a nonmetal. Each element will be described in this order: atomic number; name; symbol; whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal; whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas; and atomic mass. Beginning at the top left of the table, or period 1, group 1, is a box containing &#x201C;1; hydrogen; H; nonmetal; gas; and 1.008.&#x201D; There is only one other element box in period 1, group 18, which contains &#x201C;2; helium; H e; nonmetal; gas; and 4.003.&#x201D; Period 2, group 1 contains &#x201C;3; lithium; L i; metal; solid; and 6.94&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;4; beryllium; B e; metal; solid; and 9.012.&#x201D; Groups 3 through 12 are skipped and group 13 contains &#x201C;5; boron; B; metalloid; solid; 10.81.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;6; carbon; C; nonmetal; solid; and 12.01.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;7; nitrogen; N; nonmetal; gas; and 14.01.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;8; oxygen; O; nonmetal; gas; and 16.00.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;9; fluorine; F; nonmetal; gas; and 19.00.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;10; neon; N e; nonmetal; gas; and 20.18.&#x201D; Period 3, group 1 contains &#x201C;11; sodium; N a; metal; solid; and 22.99.&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;12; magnesium; M g; metal; solid; and 24.31.&#x201D; Groups 3 through 12 are skipped again in period 3 and group 13 contains &#x201C;13; aluminum; A l; metal; solid; and 26.98.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;14; silicon; S i; metalloid; solid; and 28.09.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;15; phosphorous; P; nonmetal; solid; and 30.97.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;16; sulfur; S; nonmetal; solid; and 32.06.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;17; chlorine; C l; nonmetal; gas; and 35.45.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;18; argon; A r; nonmetal; gas; and 39.95.&#x201D; Period 4, group 1 contains &#x201C;19; potassium; K; metal; solid; and 39.10.&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;20; calcium; C a; metal; solid; and 40.08.&#x201D; Group 3 contains &#x201C;21; scandium; S c; metal; solid; and 44.96.&#x201D; Group 4 contains &#x201C;22; titanium; T i; metal; solid; and 47.87.&#x201D; Group 5 contains &#x201C;23; vanadium; V; metal; solid; and 50.94.&#x201D; Group 6 contains &#x201C;24; chromium; C r; metal; solid; and 52.00.&#x201D; Group 7 contains &#x201C;25; manganese; M n; metal; solid; and 54.94.&#x201D; Group 8 contains &#x201C;26; iron; F e; metal; solid; and 55.85.&#x201D; Group 9 contains &#x201C;27; cobalt; C o; metal; solid; and 58.93.&#x201D; Group 10 contains &#x201C;28; nickel; N i; metal; solid; and 58.69.&#x201D; Group 11 contains &#x201C;29; copper; C u; metal; solid; and 63.55.&#x201D; Group 12 contains &#x201C;30; zinc; Z n; metal; solid; and 65.38.&#x201D; Group 13 contains &#x201C;31; gallium; G a; metal; solid; and 69.72.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;32; germanium; G e; metalloid; solid; and 72.63.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;33; arsenic; A s; metalloid; solid; and 74.92.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;34; selenium; S e; nonmetal; solid; and 78.97.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;35; bromine; B r; nonmetal; liquid; and 79.90.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;36; krypton; K r; nonmetal; gas; and 83.80.&#x201D; Period 5, group 1 contains &#x201C;37; rubidium; R b; metal; solid; and 85.47.&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;38; strontium; S r; metal; solid; and 87.62.&#x201D; Group 3 contains &#x201C;39; yttrium; Y; metal; solid; and 88.91.&#x201D; Group 4 contains &#x201C;40; zirconium; Z r; metal; solid; and 91.22.&#x201D; Group 5 contains &#x201C;41; niobium; N b; metal; solid; and 92.91.&#x201D; Group 6 contains &#x201C;42; molybdenum; M o; metal; solid; and 95.95.&#x201D; Group 7 contains &#x201C;43; technetium; T c; metal; solid; and 97.&#x201D; Group 8 contains &#x201C;44; ruthenium; R u; metal; solid; and 101.1.&#x201D; Group 9 contains &#x201C;45; rhodium; R h; metal; solid; and 102.9.&#x201D; Group 10 contains &#x201C;46; palladium; P d; metal; solid; and 106.4.&#x201D; Group 11 contains &#x201C;47; silver; A g; metal; solid; and 107.9.&#x201D; Group 12 contains &#x201C;48; cadmium; C d; metal; solid; and 112.4.&#x201D; Group 13 contains &#x201C;49; indium; I n; metal; solid; and 114.8.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;50; tin; S n; metal; solid; and 118.7.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;51; antimony; S b; metalloid; solid; and 121.8.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;52; tellurium; T e; metalloid; solid; and 127.6.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;53; iodine; I; nonmetal; solid; and 126.9.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;54; xenon; X e; nonmetal; gas; and 131.3.&#x201D; Period 6, group 1 contains &#x201C;55; cesium; C s; metal; solid; and 132.9.&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;56; barium; B a; metal; solid; and 137.3.&#x201D; Group 3 breaks the pattern. The box has a large arrow pointing to a row of elements below the table with atomic numbers ranging from 57-71. In sequential order by atomic number, the first box in this row contains &#x201C;57; lanthanum; L a; metal; solid; and 138.9.&#x201D; To its right, the next is &#x201C;58; cerium; C e; metal; solid; and 140.1.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;59; praseodymium; P r; metal; solid; and 140.9.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;60; neodymium; N d; metal; solid; and 144.2.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;61; promethium; P m; metal; solid; and 145.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;62; samarium; S m; metal; solid; and 150.4.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;63; europium; E u; metal; solid; and 152.0.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;64; gadolinium; G d; metal; solid; and 157.3.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;65; terbium; T b; metal; solid; and 158.9.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;66; dysprosium; D y; metal; solid; and 162.5.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;67; holmium; H o; metal; solid; and 164.9.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;68; erbium; E r; metal; solid; and 167.3.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;69; thulium; T m; metal; solid; and 168.9.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;70; ytterbium; Y b; metal; solid; and 173.1.&#x201D; The last in this special row is &#x201C;71; lutetium; L u; metal; solid; and 175.0.&#x201D; Continuing in period 6, group 4 contains &#x201C;72; hafnium; H f; metal; solid; and 178.5.&#x201D; Group 5 contains &#x201C;73; tantalum; T a; metal; solid; and 180.9.&#x201D; Group 6 contains &#x201C;74; tungsten; W; metal; solid; and 183.8.&#x201D; Group 7 contains &#x201C;75; rhenium; R e; metal; solid; and 186.2.&#x201D; Group 8 contains &#x201C;76; osmium; O s; metal; solid; and 190.2.&#x201D; Group 9 contains &#x201C;77; iridium; I r; metal; solid; and 192.2.&#x201D; Group 10 contains &#x201C;78; platinum; P t; metal; solid; and 195.1.&#x201D; Group 11 contains &#x201C;79; gold; A u; metal; solid; and 197.0.&#x201D; Group 12 contains &#x201C;80; mercury; H g; metal; liquid; and 200.6.&#x201D; Group 13 contains &#x201C;81; thallium; T l; metal; solid; and 204.4.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;82; lead; P b; metal; solid; and 207.2.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;83; bismuth; B i; metal; solid; and 209.0.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;84; polonium; P o; metal; solid; and 209.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;85; astatine; A t; metalloid; solid; and 210.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;86; radon; R n; nonmetal; gas; and 222.&#x201D; Period 7, group 1 contains &#x201C;87; francium; F r; metal; solid; and 223.&#x201D; Group 2 contains &#x201C;88; radium; R a; metal; solid; and 226.&#x201D; Group 3 breaks the pattern much like what occurs in period 6. A large arrow points from the box in period 7, group 3 to a special row containing the elements with atomic numbers ranging from 89-103, just below the row which contains atomic numbers 57-71. In sequential order by atomic number, the first box in this row contains &#x201C;89; actinium; A c; metal; solid; and 227.&#x201D; To its right, the next is &#x201C;90; thorium; T h; metal; solid; and 232.0.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;91; protactinium; P a; metal; solid; and 231.0.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;92; uranium; U; metal; solid; and 238.0.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;93; neptunium; N p; metal; solid; and N p.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;94; plutonium; P u; metal; solid; and 244.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;95; americium; A m; metal; solid; and 243.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;96; curium; C m; metal; solid; and 247.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;97; berkelium; B k; metal; solid; and 247.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;98; californium; C f; metal; solid; and 251.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;99; einsteinium; E s; metal; solid; and 252.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;100; fermium; F m; metal; solid; and 257.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;101; mendelevium; M d; metal; solid; and 258.&#x201D; Next is &#x201C;102; nobelium; N o; metal; solid; and 259.&#x201D; The last in this special row is &#x201C;103; lawrencium; L r; metal; solid; and 262.&#x201D; Continuing in period 7, group 4 contains &#x201C;104; rutherfordium; R f; metal; solid; and 267.&#x201D; Group 5 contains &#x201C;105; dubnium; D b; metal; solid; and 270.&#x201D; Group 6 contains &#x201C;106; seaborgium; S g; metal; solid; and 271.&#x201D; Group 7 contains &#x201C;107; bohrium; B h; metal; solid; and 270.&#x201D; Group 8 contains &#x201C;108; hassium; H s; metal; solid; and 277.&#x201D; Group 9 contains &#x201C;109; meitnerium; M t; not indicated; solid; and 276.&#x201D; Group 10 contains &#x201C;110; darmstadtium; D s; not indicated; solid; and 281.&#x201D; Group 11 contains &#x201C;111; roentgenium; R g; not indicated; solid; and 282.&#x201D; Group 12 contains &#x201C;112; copernicium; C n; metal; liquid; and 285.&#x201D; Group 13 contains &#x201C;113; ununtrium; U u t; not indicated; solid; and 285.&#x201D; Group 14 contains &#x201C;114; flerovium; F l; not indicated; solid; and 289.&#x201D; Group 15 contains &#x201C;115; ununpentium; U u p; not indicated; solid; and 288.&#x201D; Group 16 contains &#x201C;116; livermorium; L v; not indicated; solid; and 293.&#x201D; Group 17 contains &#x201C;117; ununseptium; U u s; not indicated; solid; and 294.&#x201D; Group 18 contains &#x201C;118; ununoctium; U u o; not indicated; solid; and 294.&#x201D;\" \/><\/span><\/p>","rendered":"<p><span id=\"fs-id1171242178526\"><br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2952\/2018\/01\/31202227\/CNX_UPhysics_00_CC_Periodic_img.jpg\" alt=\"The Periodic Table of Elements is shown. The 18 columns are labeled &#x201c;Group&#x201d; and the 7 rows are labeled &#x201c;Period.&#x201d; Below the table to the right is a box labeled &#x201c;Color Code&#x201d; with different colors for metals, metalloids, and nonmetals, as well as solids, liquids, and gases. To the left of this box is an enlarged picture of the upper-left most box on the table. The number 1 is in its upper-left hand corner and is labeled &#x201c;Atomic number.&#x201d; The letter &#x201c;H&#x201d; is in the middle in red indicating that it is a gas. It is labeled &#x201c;Symbol.&#x201d; Below that is the number 1.008 which is labeled &#x201c;Atomic Mass.&#x201d; Below that is the word hydrogen which is labeled &#x201c;name.&#x201d; The color of the box indicates that it is a nonmetal. Each element will be described in this order: atomic number; name; symbol; whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal; whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas; and atomic mass. Beginning at the top left of the table, or period 1, group 1, is a box containing &#x201c;1; hydrogen; H; nonmetal; gas; and 1.008.&#x201d; There is only one other element box in period 1, group 18, which contains &#x201c;2; helium; H e; nonmetal; gas; and 4.003.&#x201d; Period 2, group 1 contains &#x201c;3; lithium; L i; metal; solid; and 6.94&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;4; beryllium; B e; metal; solid; and 9.012.&#x201d; Groups 3 through 12 are skipped and group 13 contains &#x201c;5; boron; B; metalloid; solid; 10.81.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;6; carbon; C; nonmetal; solid; and 12.01.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;7; nitrogen; N; nonmetal; gas; and 14.01.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;8; oxygen; O; nonmetal; gas; and 16.00.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;9; fluorine; F; nonmetal; gas; and 19.00.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;10; neon; N e; nonmetal; gas; and 20.18.&#x201d; Period 3, group 1 contains &#x201c;11; sodium; N a; metal; solid; and 22.99.&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;12; magnesium; M g; metal; solid; and 24.31.&#x201d; Groups 3 through 12 are skipped again in period 3 and group 13 contains &#x201c;13; aluminum; A l; metal; solid; and 26.98.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;14; silicon; S i; metalloid; solid; and 28.09.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;15; phosphorous; P; nonmetal; solid; and 30.97.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;16; sulfur; S; nonmetal; solid; and 32.06.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;17; chlorine; C l; nonmetal; gas; and 35.45.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;18; argon; A r; nonmetal; gas; and 39.95.&#x201d; Period 4, group 1 contains &#x201c;19; potassium; K; metal; solid; and 39.10.&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;20; calcium; C a; metal; solid; and 40.08.&#x201d; Group 3 contains &#x201c;21; scandium; S c; metal; solid; and 44.96.&#x201d; Group 4 contains &#x201c;22; titanium; T i; metal; solid; and 47.87.&#x201d; Group 5 contains &#x201c;23; vanadium; V; metal; solid; and 50.94.&#x201d; Group 6 contains &#x201c;24; chromium; C r; metal; solid; and 52.00.&#x201d; Group 7 contains &#x201c;25; manganese; M n; metal; solid; and 54.94.&#x201d; Group 8 contains &#x201c;26; iron; F e; metal; solid; and 55.85.&#x201d; Group 9 contains &#x201c;27; cobalt; C o; metal; solid; and 58.93.&#x201d; Group 10 contains &#x201c;28; nickel; N i; metal; solid; and 58.69.&#x201d; Group 11 contains &#x201c;29; copper; C u; metal; solid; and 63.55.&#x201d; Group 12 contains &#x201c;30; zinc; Z n; metal; solid; and 65.38.&#x201d; Group 13 contains &#x201c;31; gallium; G a; metal; solid; and 69.72.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;32; germanium; G e; metalloid; solid; and 72.63.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;33; arsenic; A s; metalloid; solid; and 74.92.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;34; selenium; S e; nonmetal; solid; and 78.97.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;35; bromine; B r; nonmetal; liquid; and 79.90.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;36; krypton; K r; nonmetal; gas; and 83.80.&#x201d; Period 5, group 1 contains &#x201c;37; rubidium; R b; metal; solid; and 85.47.&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;38; strontium; S r; metal; solid; and 87.62.&#x201d; Group 3 contains &#x201c;39; yttrium; Y; metal; solid; and 88.91.&#x201d; Group 4 contains &#x201c;40; zirconium; Z r; metal; solid; and 91.22.&#x201d; Group 5 contains &#x201c;41; niobium; N b; metal; solid; and 92.91.&#x201d; Group 6 contains &#x201c;42; molybdenum; M o; metal; solid; and 95.95.&#x201d; Group 7 contains &#x201c;43; technetium; T c; metal; solid; and 97.&#x201d; Group 8 contains &#x201c;44; ruthenium; R u; metal; solid; and 101.1.&#x201d; Group 9 contains &#x201c;45; rhodium; R h; metal; solid; and 102.9.&#x201d; Group 10 contains &#x201c;46; palladium; P d; metal; solid; and 106.4.&#x201d; Group 11 contains &#x201c;47; silver; A g; metal; solid; and 107.9.&#x201d; Group 12 contains &#x201c;48; cadmium; C d; metal; solid; and 112.4.&#x201d; Group 13 contains &#x201c;49; indium; I n; metal; solid; and 114.8.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;50; tin; S n; metal; solid; and 118.7.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;51; antimony; S b; metalloid; solid; and 121.8.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;52; tellurium; T e; metalloid; solid; and 127.6.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;53; iodine; I; nonmetal; solid; and 126.9.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;54; xenon; X e; nonmetal; gas; and 131.3.&#x201d; Period 6, group 1 contains &#x201c;55; cesium; C s; metal; solid; and 132.9.&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;56; barium; B a; metal; solid; and 137.3.&#x201d; Group 3 breaks the pattern. The box has a large arrow pointing to a row of elements below the table with atomic numbers ranging from 57-71. In sequential order by atomic number, the first box in this row contains &#x201c;57; lanthanum; L a; metal; solid; and 138.9.&#x201d; To its right, the next is &#x201c;58; cerium; C e; metal; solid; and 140.1.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;59; praseodymium; P r; metal; solid; and 140.9.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;60; neodymium; N d; metal; solid; and 144.2.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;61; promethium; P m; metal; solid; and 145.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;62; samarium; S m; metal; solid; and 150.4.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;63; europium; E u; metal; solid; and 152.0.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;64; gadolinium; G d; metal; solid; and 157.3.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;65; terbium; T b; metal; solid; and 158.9.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;66; dysprosium; D y; metal; solid; and 162.5.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;67; holmium; H o; metal; solid; and 164.9.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;68; erbium; E r; metal; solid; and 167.3.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;69; thulium; T m; metal; solid; and 168.9.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;70; ytterbium; Y b; metal; solid; and 173.1.&#x201d; The last in this special row is &#x201c;71; lutetium; L u; metal; solid; and 175.0.&#x201d; Continuing in period 6, group 4 contains &#x201c;72; hafnium; H f; metal; solid; and 178.5.&#x201d; Group 5 contains &#x201c;73; tantalum; T a; metal; solid; and 180.9.&#x201d; Group 6 contains &#x201c;74; tungsten; W; metal; solid; and 183.8.&#x201d; Group 7 contains &#x201c;75; rhenium; R e; metal; solid; and 186.2.&#x201d; Group 8 contains &#x201c;76; osmium; O s; metal; solid; and 190.2.&#x201d; Group 9 contains &#x201c;77; iridium; I r; metal; solid; and 192.2.&#x201d; Group 10 contains &#x201c;78; platinum; P t; metal; solid; and 195.1.&#x201d; Group 11 contains &#x201c;79; gold; A u; metal; solid; and 197.0.&#x201d; Group 12 contains &#x201c;80; mercury; H g; metal; liquid; and 200.6.&#x201d; Group 13 contains &#x201c;81; thallium; T l; metal; solid; and 204.4.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;82; lead; P b; metal; solid; and 207.2.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;83; bismuth; B i; metal; solid; and 209.0.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;84; polonium; P o; metal; solid; and 209.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;85; astatine; A t; metalloid; solid; and 210.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;86; radon; R n; nonmetal; gas; and 222.&#x201d; Period 7, group 1 contains &#x201c;87; francium; F r; metal; solid; and 223.&#x201d; Group 2 contains &#x201c;88; radium; R a; metal; solid; and 226.&#x201d; Group 3 breaks the pattern much like what occurs in period 6. A large arrow points from the box in period 7, group 3 to a special row containing the elements with atomic numbers ranging from 89-103, just below the row which contains atomic numbers 57-71. In sequential order by atomic number, the first box in this row contains &#x201c;89; actinium; A c; metal; solid; and 227.&#x201d; To its right, the next is &#x201c;90; thorium; T h; metal; solid; and 232.0.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;91; protactinium; P a; metal; solid; and 231.0.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;92; uranium; U; metal; solid; and 238.0.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;93; neptunium; N p; metal; solid; and N p.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;94; plutonium; P u; metal; solid; and 244.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;95; americium; A m; metal; solid; and 243.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;96; curium; C m; metal; solid; and 247.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;97; berkelium; B k; metal; solid; and 247.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;98; californium; C f; metal; solid; and 251.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;99; einsteinium; E s; metal; solid; and 252.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;100; fermium; F m; metal; solid; and 257.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;101; mendelevium; M d; metal; solid; and 258.&#x201d; Next is &#x201c;102; nobelium; N o; metal; solid; and 259.&#x201d; The last in this special row is &#x201c;103; lawrencium; L r; metal; solid; and 262.&#x201d; Continuing in period 7, group 4 contains &#x201c;104; rutherfordium; R f; metal; solid; and 267.&#x201d; Group 5 contains &#x201c;105; dubnium; D b; metal; solid; and 270.&#x201d; Group 6 contains &#x201c;106; seaborgium; S g; metal; solid; and 271.&#x201d; Group 7 contains &#x201c;107; bohrium; B h; metal; solid; and 270.&#x201d; Group 8 contains &#x201c;108; hassium; H s; metal; solid; and 277.&#x201d; Group 9 contains &#x201c;109; meitnerium; M t; not indicated; solid; and 276.&#x201d; Group 10 contains &#x201c;110; darmstadtium; D s; not indicated; solid; and 281.&#x201d; Group 11 contains &#x201c;111; roentgenium; R g; not indicated; solid; and 282.&#x201d; Group 12 contains &#x201c;112; copernicium; C n; metal; liquid; and 285.&#x201d; Group 13 contains &#x201c;113; ununtrium; U u t; not indicated; solid; and 285.&#x201d; Group 14 contains &#x201c;114; flerovium; F l; not indicated; solid; and 289.&#x201d; Group 15 contains &#x201c;115; ununpentium; U u p; not indicated; solid; and 288.&#x201d; Group 16 contains &#x201c;116; livermorium; L v; not indicated; solid; and 293.&#x201d; Group 17 contains &#x201c;117; ununseptium; U u s; not indicated; solid; and 294.&#x201d; Group 18 contains &#x201c;118; ununoctium; U u o; not indicated; solid; and 294.&#x201d;\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1375\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>OpenStax University Physics. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: OpenStax CNX. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/1Q9uMg_a@10.16:Gofkr9Oy@15\">https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/1Q9uMg_a@10.16:Gofkr9Oy@15<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/d50f6e32-0fda-46ef-a362-9bd36ca7c97d@10.16<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":311,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"OpenStax University Physics\",\"author\":\"OpenStax CNX\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/1Q9uMg_a@10.16:Gofkr9Oy@15\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/d50f6e32-0fda-46ef-a362-9bd36ca7c97d@10.16\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"all-rights-reserved"},"back-matter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[56],"class_list":["post-1375","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry","license-all-rights-reserved"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/311"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1375\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2090,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1375\/revisions\/2090"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1375\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=1375"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1375"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-osuniversityphysics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}