{"id":1570,"date":"2017-07-11T02:46:31","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T02:46:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ushistory1os\/chapter\/primary-source-images-manifest-destiny\/"},"modified":"2017-07-11T02:46:31","modified_gmt":"2017-07-11T02:46:31","slug":"primary-source-images-manifest-destiny","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/chapter\/primary-source-images-manifest-destiny\/","title":{"raw":"Primary Source Images: Manifest Destiny","rendered":"Primary Source Images: Manifest Destiny"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\nMany Americans believed that the United States was destined to conquer the American continent and perhaps beyond. Other Americans protested these expansions as betrayals of American values. Debates over expansion, economics, diplomacy, and manifest destiny exposed some of the weaknesses of the American system. The\u00a0chauvinism of\u00a0policies like\u00a0Native American removal, the Mexican War, and filibustering, existed alongside\u00a0growing anxiety. Manifest destiny attempted to make a virtue of America\u2019s lack of history and turn it into the very basis of nationhood. According to these Americans, the United States was the embodiment of the democratic ideal. Democracy had to be timeless, boundless, and portable. New methods of transportation and communication, the rapidity of the railroad and the telegraph, the rise of the international market economy, and the growth of the American frontier provided shared platforms to\u00a0help Americans think across local identities and reaffirm a\u00a0national character. These sources demonstrate the conflicts over antebellum American expansion.\n<h2>Manifest destiny<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/gast-hi-res.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024626\/gast-hi-res-1000x741.jpg\" alt=\"Columbia, the female figure of America, leads Americans into the West and into the future by carrying the values of republicanism (as seen through her Roman garb) and progress (shown through the inclusion of technological innovations like the telegraph) and clearing native peoples and animals, seen being pushed into the darkness.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"741\"\/><\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Gast, American Progress, 1872. <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:American_progress.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikimedia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\nColumbia, the female figure of America, leads Americans into the West and into the future by carrying the values of republicanism (as seen through her Roman garb) and progress (shown through the inclusion of technological innovations like the telegraph) and clearing native peoples and animals, seen being pushed into the darkness.\n<h2>Anti-immigrant cartoon<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/03047v.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024629\/03047v-1000x898.jpg\" alt=\"A cartoon that depicts a highly racialized image of a Chinese immigrant and Irish immigrant &#x201C;swallowing&#x201D; the United States&#x2013;in the form of Uncle Sam. In the second image the Chinese immigrant, swallows the Irish immigrant.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"898\"\/><\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u201cThe great fear of the period That Uncle Sam may be swallowed by foreigners : The problem solved,\u201d 1860-1869, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/pictures\/item\/98502829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Congress<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\nMany white Americans responded to increasing numbers of immigrants in the 1800s with great fear and xenophobic hatred, seeing immigrants as threats to their vision of manifest destiny. This cartoon depicts a highly racialized image of a Chinese immigrant and Irish immigrant \u201cswallowing\u201d the United States\u2013in the form of Uncle Sam. In the second image the Chinese immigrant, swallows the Irish immigrant. Networks of railroads and the promise of American expansion can be seen in the background.","rendered":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>Many Americans believed that the United States was destined to conquer the American continent and perhaps beyond. Other Americans protested these expansions as betrayals of American values. Debates over expansion, economics, diplomacy, and manifest destiny exposed some of the weaknesses of the American system. The\u00a0chauvinism of\u00a0policies like\u00a0Native American removal, the Mexican War, and filibustering, existed alongside\u00a0growing anxiety. Manifest destiny attempted to make a virtue of America\u2019s lack of history and turn it into the very basis of nationhood. According to these Americans, the United States was the embodiment of the democratic ideal. Democracy had to be timeless, boundless, and portable. New methods of transportation and communication, the rapidity of the railroad and the telegraph, the rise of the international market economy, and the growth of the American frontier provided shared platforms to\u00a0help Americans think across local identities and reaffirm a\u00a0national character. These sources demonstrate the conflicts over antebellum American expansion.<\/p>\n<h2>Manifest destiny<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_804\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/gast-hi-res.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024626\/gast-hi-res-1000x741.jpg\" alt=\"Columbia, the female figure of America, leads Americans into the West and into the future by carrying the values of republicanism (as seen through her Roman garb) and progress (shown through the inclusion of technological innovations like the telegraph) and clearing native peoples and animals, seen being pushed into the darkness.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"741\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Gast, American Progress, 1872. <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:American_progress.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikimedia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Columbia, the female figure of America, leads Americans into the West and into the future by carrying the values of republicanism (as seen through her Roman garb) and progress (shown through the inclusion of technological innovations like the telegraph) and clearing native peoples and animals, seen being pushed into the darkness.<\/p>\n<h2>Anti-immigrant cartoon<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader\/wp-content\/uploads\/03047v.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2157\/2017\/07\/11024629\/03047v-1000x898.jpg\" alt=\"A cartoon that depicts a highly racialized image of a Chinese immigrant and Irish immigrant &#x201c;swallowing&#x201d; the United States&#x2013;in the form of Uncle Sam. In the second image the Chinese immigrant, swallows the Irish immigrant.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"898\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u201cThe great fear of the period That Uncle Sam may be swallowed by foreigners : The problem solved,\u201d 1860-1869, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/pictures\/item\/98502829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Congress<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Many white Americans responded to increasing numbers of immigrants in the 1800s with great fear and xenophobic hatred, seeing immigrants as threats to their vision of manifest destiny. This cartoon depicts a highly racialized image of a Chinese immigrant and Irish immigrant \u201cswallowing\u201d the United States\u2013in the form of Uncle Sam. In the second image the Chinese immigrant, swallows the Irish immigrant. Networks of railroads and the promise of American expansion can be seen in the background.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1570\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>The American Yawp Reader. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html\">http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"The American Yawp Reader\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.americanyawp.com\/reader.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1570","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1567,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1570\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1567"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1570\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1570"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1570"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-tc3-ushistory1os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}