{"id":193,"date":"2023-05-11T12:12:38","date_gmt":"2023-05-11T12:12:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/chapter\/supplemental-reading-2\/"},"modified":"2023-05-25T22:50:04","modified_gmt":"2023-05-25T22:50:04","slug":"supplemental-reading-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/chapter\/supplemental-reading-2\/","title":{"raw":"Writing To Persuade","rendered":"Writing To Persuade"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Define the rhetorical appeals of ethos, pathos, logos, and kairos<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Discuss ways to avoid ad-speak<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\">Sometimes, you may want to persuade your reader to take a particular action or position on an issue. To be effective, you should consider the following elements of persuasion, often referred to as Rhetorical Appeals. The ancient Greek words are\u00a0<em>ethos, pathos, logos<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>kairos<\/em>. These concepts are still critical in rhetoric studies today (see\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.1<\/strong>):<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Ethos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Credibility\/Authority:\u00a0<\/strong>this element of persuasion involves establishing your credibility, expertise, or authority to be making the argument. What experience or expertise do you have? What knowledge or skills do you possess? What\u2019s your role within the organization, and\/or in relation to the reader? Why should the reader trust you as a reliable, knowledgeable, authoritative, and ethical source of information?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Pathos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Emotion\/Interest\/Values:\u00a0<\/strong>this element involves appealing to the emotions, values, and\/or interests of the reader. How does your proposal benefit them? Why should they care about it? How does it relate to the goals of the organization? How can you build \u201ccommon ground\u201d with your reader? What will make your reader feel \u201cgood\u201d about your project? How can you evoke emotions such as pride or outrage?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Logos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Reason\/Logic:\u00a0<\/strong>this element involves grounding your argument in logic, reason, and evidence. What evidence supports your claims? On what facts and data is your reasoning based? Arguments grounded in reason and evidence are often considered the strongest. Government organizations and companies alike generally like to make \u201cevidence-based decisions.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><em>Kairos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Timeliness\/Appropriateness<\/strong>:\u00a0 using this appeal means being aware of what is appropriate and timely in a given rhetorical situation. Sometimes, a well-crafted argument can fail because it comes at the wrong time.\u00a0<em>Kairos<\/em>\u00a0involves knowing what is \u201cin\u201d or \u201chot\u201d right now, what is an important topic or issue, and how best to discuss it; knowing when it is the \u201cright time\u201d to broach a topic or propose an idea; knowing how to use the appropriate tone, level of formality and decorum for the specific situation.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFinding the appropriate blend of appeals is critical to making a successful argument; consider that when making your case, you often have to \u201cwin both hearts and minds\u201d\u2014so you\u2019ll need to appeal to both emotions and logic, do whatever you can to show the reader that you are a trustworthy source of information, and present your argument at the most opportune time. In addition to these elements, you should also be mindful of the word choice and tone so that you are presenting a persuasive argument that is also constructive and conveys the appropriate tone for your intended audience, message, and purpose.<a id=\"retfig2.3.1\"><\/a>\r\n<figure id=\"attachment_2802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2802\"><img class=\"size-large wp-image-2802\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-1024x734.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-1024x734.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-768x551.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-65x47.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-225x161.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-350x251.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart.png 1696w\" alt=\"Flow chart showing how to use appeals to logic, emotion, credibility, and timeliness to convine an audience\" width=\"1024\" height=\"734\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.1<\/strong>\u00a0Using the rhetorical appeals to convince an audience\r\n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h1 id=\"chapter-1467-section-1\" class=\"section-header\">Avoiding Ad-Speak<\/h1>\r\n\u201cAd-speak\u201d refers to the kind of language often used in advertisements. Its aim is to convince consumers to buy something, whether they need it or not, hopefully without thinking too much about it. Because we hear this kind of rhetoric all the time, it easily becomes habit to use it ourselves. We must break this habit when communicating in professional contexts.\r\n\r\nAd-speak tends to use strategies such as\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Emotional manipulation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Logical fallacies<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hyperbole, exaggeration, or dishonesty<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Vague claims<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incomplete or cherry-picked data<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Biased viewpoints<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hired actors rather than professionals or experts as spokespeople.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAs a student in a professionalizing program learning the specialized skills and developing the sense of social obligation needed to become a trusted professional, you should avoid using \u201csensational\u201d language characteristic of marketing language. Instead, when trying to persuade your reader, make sure you use\u00a0<strong>quantifiable, measurable descriptors<\/strong>\u00a0and objective language in your writing. You cannot determine how many units of \u201cexcellence\u201d something has, or its quantifiable amount of \u201cawesomeness,\u201d \u201cfantastic-ness,\u201d or \u201cextraordinariness.\u201d Describing something as \u201cincredible\u201d literally means it\u2019s unbelievable. So avoid using these kinds of words shown in\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.2<\/strong>.\r\n<figure id=\"attachment_1010\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1010\"><img class=\"wp-image-1010\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2017\/12\/Ad-Speak-Word-cloud-e1525827497495.png\" alt=\"awesome, wonderful, fantastic, outstanding, great, excellent, fabulous, ideal, shiny, marvellous, amazing, intense, tasty, decent\" width=\"500\" height=\"321\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1010\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.2<\/strong>\u00a0Ad-Speak Word Cloud.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\nFind measurable terms like \u201cefficiency\u201d (in time or energy use), \u201ceffectiveness\u201d at fulfilling a specific task, measurable benefits and\/or costs, or even \u201cpopularity\u201d as measured by a survey.\r\n<h1 id=\"chapter-1467-section-2\" class=\"section-header\">Communicating Ethically<\/h1>\r\nIn professional writing, communicating ethically is critically important. Ethical communications involves communicating from a place of accountability, responsibility, integrity, and values. If you are communicating ethically, you are demonstrating respect for your reader, the organizations you work for and with, and the culture and context within which you work. You also foster fairness and trust through honesty. Failure to maintain integrity and ethics can result in consequences ranging from damage to reputation, loss of work, lawsuits, criminal charges, and even tragic loss of life. It is important to become familiar with these standards of practice, and to consider how they impact communication practices. Remember that you are communicating in a professional context, and that comes with responsibility.\r\n\r\nConsider the different rhetorical situations diagrammed in\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.3<\/strong>, one for a marketer and one for an engineer. What do you notice is similar? What is different?\r\n<figure id=\"attachment_2877\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2877\"><img class=\"wp-image-2877 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-1024x418.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-1024x418.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-768x314.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-65x27.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-225x92.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-350x143.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation.png 1460w\" alt=\"Two Rhetorical triangles: one with the author as &quot;Marketer,&quot; audience as &quot;Consumer,&quot; and message as &quot;Information about the product&quot;; the other with the author as &quot;Engineer, the audience as &quot;clients, colleagues, etc),&quot; and the message as &quot;information about the design&quot;. There is some overlap between the two messages.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"418\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2877\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.3<\/strong>\u00a0Comparison of the rhetorical situation for a marketer vs. an engineer.\r\n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\nClearly, there may be some overlap, but there will also be significant differences based on the needs and expectations of the audience and the kind of message being delivered. We hear marketing language so often that it is easy to fall into the habit of using it, even when it\u2019s not appropriate. Make sure you are not using \u201cad-speak\u201d when trying to persuade in a professional context.","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Define the rhetorical appeals of ethos, pathos, logos, and kairos<\/li>\n<li>Discuss ways to avoid ad-speak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\">Sometimes, you may want to persuade your reader to take a particular action or position on an issue. To be effective, you should consider the following elements of persuasion, often referred to as Rhetorical Appeals. The ancient Greek words are\u00a0<em>ethos, pathos, logos<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>kairos<\/em>. These concepts are still critical in rhetoric studies today (see\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.1<\/strong>):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Ethos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Credibility\/Authority:\u00a0<\/strong>this element of persuasion involves establishing your credibility, expertise, or authority to be making the argument. What experience or expertise do you have? What knowledge or skills do you possess? What\u2019s your role within the organization, and\/or in relation to the reader? Why should the reader trust you as a reliable, knowledgeable, authoritative, and ethical source of information?<\/li>\n<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Pathos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Emotion\/Interest\/Values:\u00a0<\/strong>this element involves appealing to the emotions, values, and\/or interests of the reader. How does your proposal benefit them? Why should they care about it? How does it relate to the goals of the organization? How can you build \u201ccommon ground\u201d with your reader? What will make your reader feel \u201cgood\u201d about your project? How can you evoke emotions such as pride or outrage?<\/li>\n<li class=\"import-BodyTextFirstIndent2\"><strong><em>Logos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Reason\/Logic:\u00a0<\/strong>this element involves grounding your argument in logic, reason, and evidence. What evidence supports your claims? On what facts and data is your reasoning based? Arguments grounded in reason and evidence are often considered the strongest. Government organizations and companies alike generally like to make \u201cevidence-based decisions.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Kairos<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 Appeal to Timeliness\/Appropriateness<\/strong>:\u00a0 using this appeal means being aware of what is appropriate and timely in a given rhetorical situation. Sometimes, a well-crafted argument can fail because it comes at the wrong time.\u00a0<em>Kairos<\/em>\u00a0involves knowing what is \u201cin\u201d or \u201chot\u201d right now, what is an important topic or issue, and how best to discuss it; knowing when it is the \u201cright time\u201d to broach a topic or propose an idea; knowing how to use the appropriate tone, level of formality and decorum for the specific situation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Finding the appropriate blend of appeals is critical to making a successful argument; consider that when making your case, you often have to \u201cwin both hearts and minds\u201d\u2014so you\u2019ll need to appeal to both emotions and logic, do whatever you can to show the reader that you are a trustworthy source of information, and present your argument at the most opportune time. In addition to these elements, you should also be mindful of the word choice and tone so that you are presenting a persuasive argument that is also constructive and conveys the appropriate tone for your intended audience, message, and purpose.<a id=\"retfig2.3.1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2802\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2802\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-1024x734.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-1024x734.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-768x551.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-65x47.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-225x161.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart-350x251.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Rhetorical-Appeals-Flow-Chart.png 1696w\" alt=\"Flow chart showing how to use appeals to logic, emotion, credibility, and timeliness to convine an audience\" width=\"1024\" height=\"734\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.1<\/strong>\u00a0Using the rhetorical appeals to convince an audience<br \/>\n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1 id=\"chapter-1467-section-1\" class=\"section-header\">Avoiding Ad-Speak<\/h1>\n<p>\u201cAd-speak\u201d refers to the kind of language often used in advertisements. Its aim is to convince consumers to buy something, whether they need it or not, hopefully without thinking too much about it. Because we hear this kind of rhetoric all the time, it easily becomes habit to use it ourselves. We must break this habit when communicating in professional contexts.<\/p>\n<p>Ad-speak tends to use strategies such as<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Emotional manipulation<\/li>\n<li>Logical fallacies<\/li>\n<li>Hyperbole, exaggeration, or dishonesty<\/li>\n<li>Vague claims<\/li>\n<li>Incomplete or cherry-picked data<\/li>\n<li>Biased viewpoints<\/li>\n<li>Hired actors rather than professionals or experts as spokespeople.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As a student in a professionalizing program learning the specialized skills and developing the sense of social obligation needed to become a trusted professional, you should avoid using \u201csensational\u201d language characteristic of marketing language. Instead, when trying to persuade your reader, make sure you use\u00a0<strong>quantifiable, measurable descriptors<\/strong>\u00a0and objective language in your writing. You cannot determine how many units of \u201cexcellence\u201d something has, or its quantifiable amount of \u201cawesomeness,\u201d \u201cfantastic-ness,\u201d or \u201cextraordinariness.\u201d Describing something as \u201cincredible\u201d literally means it\u2019s unbelievable. So avoid using these kinds of words shown in\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1010\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1010\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1010\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2017\/12\/Ad-Speak-Word-cloud-e1525827497495.png\" alt=\"awesome, wonderful, fantastic, outstanding, great, excellent, fabulous, ideal, shiny, marvellous, amazing, intense, tasty, decent\" width=\"500\" height=\"321\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1010\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.2<\/strong>\u00a0Ad-Speak Word Cloud.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Find measurable terms like \u201cefficiency\u201d (in time or energy use), \u201ceffectiveness\u201d at fulfilling a specific task, measurable benefits and\/or costs, or even \u201cpopularity\u201d as measured by a survey.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"chapter-1467-section-2\" class=\"section-header\">Communicating Ethically<\/h1>\n<p>In professional writing, communicating ethically is critically important. Ethical communications involves communicating from a place of accountability, responsibility, integrity, and values. If you are communicating ethically, you are demonstrating respect for your reader, the organizations you work for and with, and the culture and context within which you work. You also foster fairness and trust through honesty. Failure to maintain integrity and ethics can result in consequences ranging from damage to reputation, loss of work, lawsuits, criminal charges, and even tragic loss of life. It is important to become familiar with these standards of practice, and to consider how they impact communication practices. Remember that you are communicating in a professional context, and that comes with responsibility.<\/p>\n<p>Consider the different rhetorical situations diagrammed in\u00a0<strong>Figure 2.3.3<\/strong>, one for a marketer and one for an engineer. What do you notice is similar? What is different?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2877\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2877\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2877 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-1024x418.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-1024x418.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-768x314.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-65x27.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-225x92.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation-350x143.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/296\/2018\/11\/Marketer-vs-Engineer-Rhetorical-Situation.png 1460w\" alt=\"Two Rhetorical triangles: one with the author as &quot;Marketer,&quot; audience as &quot;Consumer,&quot; and message as &quot;Information about the product&quot;; the other with the author as &quot;Engineer, the audience as &quot;clients, colleagues, etc),&quot; and the message as &quot;information about the design&quot;. There is some overlap between the two messages.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"418\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2877\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><strong>Figure 2.3.3<\/strong>\u00a0Comparison of the rhetorical situation for a marketer vs. an engineer.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Clearly, there may be some overlap, but there will also be significant differences based on the needs and expectations of the audience and the kind of message being delivered. We hear marketing language so often that it is easy to fall into the habit of using it, even when it\u2019s not appropriate. Make sure you are not using \u201cad-speak\u201d when trying to persuade in a professional context.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-193\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>2.3 Writing To Persuade. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Suzan Last . <strong>Provided by<\/strong>:  . <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/chapter\/writingpersuade\/\">https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/chapter\/writingpersuade\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":395986,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"2.3 Writing To Persuade\",\"author\":\"Suzan Last \",\"organization\":\" \",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/technicalwriting\/chapter\/writingpersuade\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-193","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":190,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/395986"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/193\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":539,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/193\/revisions\/539"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/190"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/193\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=193"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=193"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-technicalwriting\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}