{"id":49,"date":"2018-01-19T19:19:36","date_gmt":"2018-01-19T19:19:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-mcc-cos2master\/chapter\/your-physical-environment\/"},"modified":"2023-07-05T20:22:58","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T20:22:58","slug":"your-physical-environment","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/chapter\/your-physical-environment\/","title":{"raw":"Getting Your Space &amp; Mind Ready for Studying","rendered":"Getting Your Space &amp; Mind Ready for Studying"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Locating effective Study spaces<\/h3>\r\nTake a walk around campus and identify at least three places you could study and do your homework. One of those places needs to be a specific place in the Harold Drimmer Library or another area on the Valhalla Campus. Be prepared to share a photo and\/or description of your three places, including what kind of student(s) might enjoy that space and if it's an effective environment for pairs, groups, and\/or individuals. Feel free to include some advantages or disadvantages of studying there as well as anything else you think your classmates would benefit from knowing.\r\n\r\nIf you are exclusively an online student, locate some places in your local community, such as the public library.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1520569495996-b5e1219cb625?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&amp;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&amp;s=12484fed62321369622f11f97c9ee4e3&amp;w=1000&amp;q=80\" alt=\"Student with dreadlocks at desk with open book, writing on lined paper \" width=\"666\" height=\"487\" \/>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>I think it's important to get your surroundings as well as yourself into a positive state.\u00a0 \u2013Heidi Klum, fashion model and television host<\/strong><\/em><\/div><\/blockquote>\r\n<h1>The Impact of Your Surroundings While Studying<\/h1>\r\nIf a researcher walked up to you right now and asked you to identify your favorite place to study, what would your immediate response be? Would it be your home? Perhaps your sunny kitchen? Maybe your dorm room or bedroom, or another relaxed space you call your own? Or, maybe it would be a busy caf\u00e9 in the heart of town. What are your preferences for your physical surroundings when you study? What are the attributes of your most conducive study environment?\r\n\r\nIn the following video, Mark Montgomery, an educational consultant and college admissions expert, reminds students that while their image of college may be\u00a0about socializing, they will ideally spend a good portion of their time studying. He shows some accommodating physical spaces at Seattle University.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/hJzAxhnrMGg\r\n<h2>Student Responses<\/h2>\r\nCollege administrators, like the one in the video you just watched, may have their own ideas about what constitutes good study space. But what do students say? Below\u00a0are comments from several students about their favorite \u201cgo-to\u201d study spots:\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Jared: I like to take my laptop into the Siegel Caf\u00e9 and use the wifi while I write papers and work on homework. It\u2019s in a nice spot and there\u2019s always people around. I need my caffeine and some noise around me so I don\u2019t fall asleep. Recently I\u2019ve been using the library. It\u2019s quieter, but I meet other students there and we use the group study rooms. I like being around other people when I study.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Maya: I like to study at a table outside of the Student Center. Sometimes I just park myself on the grass. But I tend to get distracted outside, so my second favorite place to study is the library. I used to hate libraries because I didn\u2019t like how quiet they were, but then I realized I can actually get work done there. There\u2019s a corner that I like with a comfy chair where I can read or take a nap. If I need to put the pedal to the metal, I sit at a table.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Shane: The main library is my go-to. If I need sources for a paper, the staff help me find articles with their online services. There is a wide selection of books, too, but if I can\u2019t find something the staff will order it through a different school or library. Sometimes the space gets crowded, like during exam week, and it can be hard to find an open computer. But it\u2019s comforting to see I\u2019m not the only student doing a paper last-minute. The best place for relaxing or writing is the third floor. I like looking out the windows at the scenery.<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\nIt's not surprising to find\u00a0that there are some recurring student favorites when it comes to good study environments. The following\u00a0locations are all-time winners:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A library<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A bookstore<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A park<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A classroom<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A study partner's house<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A community center<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A tutoring center<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Factors Influencing Study Spaces<\/h3>\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4403 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4279\/2018\/01\/15174023\/17992047023_8a55561ec1_k-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" \/>\r\n\r\nMany factors impinge upon or promote the effectiveness of a study space. In this activity, you identify and reflect on factors that are part of your regular study environment.\u00a0Note what is important to you regarding where you study.\r\n<div>\r\n<table style=\"height: 390px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\r\n<th style=\"width: 703px; height: 14px;\">Your Study Environment<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 14px;\">YES<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 14px;\">NO<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 46px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 46px;\">Music: Background music is generally \u201ceasy\u201d on the ear and can enhance study productivity, as well as drown out other distractions. Depends on your personal tolerance, though. Headphones negatively impact memory and information retention.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Background noise: Volume of noise and persistence can be major distractions. Try out other environments.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Smells: Any smell, delightful or otherwise, has the potential to pull your attention away from your work. You may want to change your spot.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Lighting: Good lighting is essential. Without good lighting, you may strain or squint, get a headache, or tire. Be aware of the lighting conditions.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Temperature and humidity: If either is\u00a0too extreme, it\u00a0can make you uncomfortable and get in the way of effective studying.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Facebook, email, smart phone: Distractions come in all sizes, shapes, and colors. What draws your attention away from the\u00a0task at hand? Remove all distractions.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Comfort\u2014too much or too little: Too much of a good thing can be counterproductive. Best to study at a desk in a good chair, sitting up straight, rather than in bed, lying down. Be aware of how you feel.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Associations with other activities: Make sure that you associate the environment you\u2019re in with schoolwork, study, and concentration. Try new spaces if the associations are not supportive.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">The clock: You may wish to set time goals for your studies. But avoid being ruled by the clock. Be clear about what you intend to accomplish and how much time you want to devote.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Other people: Depending on who the people are, they can help or distract. Study groups can be very helpful, but housemates all around\u00a0can be distracting. Know your limits and your weaknesses.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 46px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 46px;\">Feng shui: This is the art of placement in your physical environment. Nurture your thoughts, emotions, and senses with good organization of furniture. Avoid feeling cramped. Create a clean, neat workspace.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nDoes this exercise give you any ideas for ways in which you might change where you study? How might you alter\u00a0your physical environment to better support your schoolwork?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Multitasking<\/h1>\r\nMultitasking, doing several things at the same time, has become a common word for describing what many of us\u00a0do every day in the modern world.\u00a0Our busy lifestyles and our ever-present devices\u00a0suggest that many of us have become multitasking experts. But is it possible to do several things at the same time? Can we actually check Facebook, watch television, read a textbook, and write a paper at roughly the same time . . . <em>productively?<\/em>\r\n<h2>Switching Tasks = Losing Productivity<\/h2>\r\nEvidence suggests that\u00a0multitasking is not, in fact, possible. Psychology research shows that we can attend to only one cognitive task at a time.[footnote]\"The True Cost Of Multi-Tasking.\" <i>Psychology Today<\/i>. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.[\/footnote]\u00a0What we call multitasking is actually just switching back and forth between tasks quickly. This isn\u2019t necessarily a problem, but we lose time with each switch. The loss may only be one-tenth of a second, but the time\u00a0adds up.\r\n\r\nResearchers have found\u00a0that multitasking increases production of the stress hormone, cortisol, and the fight-or-flight hormone, adrenaline.[footnote]Levitin, Daniel J. \"Why the Modern World Is Bad for Your Brain.\" <i>The Guardian<\/i>. Guardian News and Media, 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.[\/footnote] These hormone-level increases can cause the brain\u00a0to literally overheat, which leads to\u00a0foggy mental processing. Multitasking also taxes the prefrontal cortex, which integrates information.\r\n\r\nSmartphones, email, social networking, Instagram, and Twitter make multitasking seem both necessary and possible, but they all require switching in and out of a line of thinking. With these technologies, we face constant information overload and distraction. However, our capacity for problem-solving decreases with the number of tasks\u00a0we try to perform\u00a0at the same time, so\u00a0multitasking while studying for a final exam might not be a good idea.\r\n<h2>Becoming More Productive<\/h2>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><strong>Do every day or two something for no other reason than you would rather not do it, so that when the hour of dire need draws nigh, it may find you not unnerved and untrained to stand the test.\u201d \u2014William James, American philosopher and psychologist<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\nThere are some ways we can become more productive with our time and energy despite our tendency\u00a0to multitask:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try \u201cbatch processing\u201d: Have set times during the day for checking and responding to emails.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use concentrated time: Block off time for working on just one task. You may need to turn off your phone.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do what\u2019s most important first: Make goals for the day and accomplish them. The sense of achievement can\u00a0help you resist\u00a0anxiety-driven multitasking.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nWhat are your thoughts on multitasking? How does it affect your productivity? The following video, from the University of British Columbia, features students talking about multitasking. Does it exist? Is it effective?\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/QStKeI9Bluc\r\n<h2>Flow Zone<\/h2>\r\nThe state of <em>flow<\/em>, also known as <em>being in the zone<\/em>, occurs when people become so completely immersed in an activity that they lose track of time because they are laser-focused on what they are doing. Artists, writers, and athletes often experience being in the flow zone while painting or drawing, writing or revising, or playing the sport they love. Musicians, dancers, scientists, inventors, and entrepreneurs have reported experiencing flow, but anyone can enter the flow zone while engaging in just about any activity.\r\n\r\nLearning new skills and exploring interesting ideas that challenge us are great ways to maximize flow. Students can get into the flow zone when they are studying, working on projects, debating ideas, applying new skills, or just about any time they focus intently on the task at hand. Practicing for a set amount of time in a space conducive to the activity, such as studying in a quiet space free from distractions, increases the likelihood of entering the flow zone.\r\n\r\n\"Flow also happens when a person's skills are fully involved in overcoming a challenge that is just about manageable, so it acts as a magnet for learning new skills and increasing challenges,\" positive psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi explains. \"If challenges are too low, one gets back to flow by increasing them. If challenges are too great, one can return to the flow state by learning new skills.\"\r\n\r\nTo learn more about ten components of the flow zone, see the article, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/what-is-flow-2794768\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flow Can Help You Achieve Your Goals<\/a>.\"\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Pomodoro Technique<\/h3>\r\nThe <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mNBmG24djoY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pomodoro study technique<\/a> was invented by Francesco Cirillo. It is a very straightforward strategy that involves breaking down large tasks into more manageable chunks. All you need is a timer. Set your timer for 25 minutes and work on your task. Once 25 minutes has passed, take a five minute break. Each work session of 25 minutes is called a Pomodoro. Once you have completed 4 Pomodoros, take a longer break for 20-30 minutes. Decide the exact time of your break based on the length of time you need to feel refreshed and ready to work again. The breaks throughout give you plenty of time to get up and stretch, refill your coffee, or do whatever else you need to do, so you can work productively during each Pomodoro session.\r\n\r\nWhat are your initial thoughts about this technique? To what big project could you apply the Pomodoro technique? What would you use for your timer? Where would you work on the project?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Locating effective Study spaces<\/h3>\n<p>Take a walk around campus and identify at least three places you could study and do your homework. One of those places needs to be a specific place in the Harold Drimmer Library or another area on the Valhalla Campus. Be prepared to share a photo and\/or description of your three places, including what kind of student(s) might enjoy that space and if it&#8217;s an effective environment for pairs, groups, and\/or individuals. Feel free to include some advantages or disadvantages of studying there as well as anything else you think your classmates would benefit from knowing.<\/p>\n<p>If you are exclusively an online student, locate some places in your local community, such as the public library.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1520569495996-b5e1219cb625?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&amp;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&amp;s=12484fed62321369622f11f97c9ee4e3&amp;w=1000&amp;q=80\" alt=\"Student with dreadlocks at desk with open book, writing on lined paper\" width=\"666\" height=\"487\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>I think it&#8217;s important to get your surroundings as well as yourself into a positive state.\u00a0 \u2013Heidi Klum, fashion model and television host<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h1>The Impact of Your Surroundings While Studying<\/h1>\n<p>If a researcher walked up to you right now and asked you to identify your favorite place to study, what would your immediate response be? Would it be your home? Perhaps your sunny kitchen? Maybe your dorm room or bedroom, or another relaxed space you call your own? Or, maybe it would be a busy caf\u00e9 in the heart of town. What are your preferences for your physical surroundings when you study? What are the attributes of your most conducive study environment?<\/p>\n<p>In the following video, Mark Montgomery, an educational consultant and college admissions expert, reminds students that while their image of college may be\u00a0about socializing, they will ideally spend a good portion of their time studying. He shows some accommodating physical spaces at Seattle University.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Study Spaces in College: Why Are They Important?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hJzAxhnrMGg?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Student Responses<\/h2>\n<p>College administrators, like the one in the video you just watched, may have their own ideas about what constitutes good study space. But what do students say? Below\u00a0are comments from several students about their favorite \u201cgo-to\u201d study spots:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Jared: I like to take my laptop into the Siegel Caf\u00e9 and use the wifi while I write papers and work on homework. It\u2019s in a nice spot and there\u2019s always people around. I need my caffeine and some noise around me so I don\u2019t fall asleep. Recently I\u2019ve been using the library. It\u2019s quieter, but I meet other students there and we use the group study rooms. I like being around other people when I study.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Maya: I like to study at a table outside of the Student Center. Sometimes I just park myself on the grass. But I tend to get distracted outside, so my second favorite place to study is the library. I used to hate libraries because I didn\u2019t like how quiet they were, but then I realized I can actually get work done there. There\u2019s a corner that I like with a comfy chair where I can read or take a nap. If I need to put the pedal to the metal, I sit at a table.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">Shane: The main library is my go-to. If I need sources for a paper, the staff help me find articles with their online services. There is a wide selection of books, too, but if I can\u2019t find something the staff will order it through a different school or library. Sometimes the space gets crowded, like during exam week, and it can be hard to find an open computer. But it\u2019s comforting to see I\u2019m not the only student doing a paper last-minute. The best place for relaxing or writing is the third floor. I like looking out the windows at the scenery.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>It&#8217;s not surprising to find\u00a0that there are some recurring student favorites when it comes to good study environments. The following\u00a0locations are all-time winners:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A library<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A bookstore<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A park<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A classroom<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A study partner&#8217;s house<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A community center<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A tutoring center<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Factors Influencing Study Spaces<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4403 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4279\/2018\/01\/15174023\/17992047023_8a55561ec1_k-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Many factors impinge upon or promote the effectiveness of a study space. In this activity, you identify and reflect on factors that are part of your regular study environment.\u00a0Note what is important to you regarding where you study.<\/p>\n<div>\n<table style=\"height: 390px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\n<th style=\"width: 703px; height: 14px;\">Your Study Environment<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 14px;\">YES<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 14px;\">NO<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 14px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 46px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 46px;\">Music: Background music is generally \u201ceasy\u201d on the ear and can enhance study productivity, as well as drown out other distractions. Depends on your personal tolerance, though. Headphones negatively impact memory and information retention.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Background noise: Volume of noise and persistence can be major distractions. Try out other environments.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Smells: Any smell, delightful or otherwise, has the potential to pull your attention away from your work. You may want to change your spot.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Lighting: Good lighting is essential. Without good lighting, you may strain or squint, get a headache, or tire. Be aware of the lighting conditions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Temperature and humidity: If either is\u00a0too extreme, it\u00a0can make you uncomfortable and get in the way of effective studying.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Facebook, email, smart phone: Distractions come in all sizes, shapes, and colors. What draws your attention away from the\u00a0task at hand? Remove all distractions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Comfort\u2014too much or too little: Too much of a good thing can be counterproductive. Best to study at a desk in a good chair, sitting up straight, rather than in bed, lying down. Be aware of how you feel.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Associations with other activities: Make sure that you associate the environment you\u2019re in with schoolwork, study, and concentration. Try new spaces if the associations are not supportive.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">The clock: You may wish to set time goals for your studies. But avoid being ruled by the clock. Be clear about what you intend to accomplish and how much time you want to devote.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 30px;\">Other people: Depending on who the people are, they can help or distract. Study groups can be very helpful, but housemates all around\u00a0can be distracting. Know your limits and your weaknesses.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 46px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 40px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33px; height: 46px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 703px; height: 46px;\">Feng shui: This is the art of placement in your physical environment. Nurture your thoughts, emotions, and senses with good organization of furniture. Avoid feeling cramped. Create a clean, neat workspace.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Does this exercise give you any ideas for ways in which you might change where you study? How might you alter\u00a0your physical environment to better support your schoolwork?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Multitasking<\/h1>\n<p>Multitasking, doing several things at the same time, has become a common word for describing what many of us\u00a0do every day in the modern world.\u00a0Our busy lifestyles and our ever-present devices\u00a0suggest that many of us have become multitasking experts. But is it possible to do several things at the same time? Can we actually check Facebook, watch television, read a textbook, and write a paper at roughly the same time . . . <em>productively?<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Switching Tasks = Losing Productivity<\/h2>\n<p>Evidence suggests that\u00a0multitasking is not, in fact, possible. Psychology research shows that we can attend to only one cognitive task at a time.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;The True Cost Of Multi-Tasking.&quot; Psychology Today. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-49-1\" href=\"#footnote-49-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0What we call multitasking is actually just switching back and forth between tasks quickly. This isn\u2019t necessarily a problem, but we lose time with each switch. The loss may only be one-tenth of a second, but the time\u00a0adds up.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers have found\u00a0that multitasking increases production of the stress hormone, cortisol, and the fight-or-flight hormone, adrenaline.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Levitin, Daniel J. &quot;Why the Modern World Is Bad for Your Brain.&quot; The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2016.\" id=\"return-footnote-49-2\" href=\"#footnote-49-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a> These hormone-level increases can cause the brain\u00a0to literally overheat, which leads to\u00a0foggy mental processing. Multitasking also taxes the prefrontal cortex, which integrates information.<\/p>\n<p>Smartphones, email, social networking, Instagram, and Twitter make multitasking seem both necessary and possible, but they all require switching in and out of a line of thinking. With these technologies, we face constant information overload and distraction. However, our capacity for problem-solving decreases with the number of tasks\u00a0we try to perform\u00a0at the same time, so\u00a0multitasking while studying for a final exam might not be a good idea.<\/p>\n<h2>Becoming More Productive<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><strong>Do every day or two something for no other reason than you would rather not do it, so that when the hour of dire need draws nigh, it may find you not unnerved and untrained to stand the test.\u201d \u2014William James, American philosopher and psychologist<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>There are some ways we can become more productive with our time and energy despite our tendency\u00a0to multitask:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Try \u201cbatch processing\u201d: Have set times during the day for checking and responding to emails.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use concentrated time: Block off time for working on just one task. You may need to turn off your phone.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do what\u2019s most important first: Make goals for the day and accomplish them. The sense of achievement can\u00a0help you resist\u00a0anxiety-driven multitasking.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>What are your thoughts on multitasking? How does it affect your productivity? The following video, from the University of British Columbia, features students talking about multitasking. Does it exist? Is it effective?<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"UBC Students Talk: Multitasking - Does It Work?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QStKeI9Bluc?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Flow Zone<\/h2>\n<p>The state of <em>flow<\/em>, also known as <em>being in the zone<\/em>, occurs when people become so completely immersed in an activity that they lose track of time because they are laser-focused on what they are doing. Artists, writers, and athletes often experience being in the flow zone while painting or drawing, writing or revising, or playing the sport they love. Musicians, dancers, scientists, inventors, and entrepreneurs have reported experiencing flow, but anyone can enter the flow zone while engaging in just about any activity.<\/p>\n<p>Learning new skills and exploring interesting ideas that challenge us are great ways to maximize flow. Students can get into the flow zone when they are studying, working on projects, debating ideas, applying new skills, or just about any time they focus intently on the task at hand. Practicing for a set amount of time in a space conducive to the activity, such as studying in a quiet space free from distractions, increases the likelihood of entering the flow zone.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Flow also happens when a person&#8217;s skills are fully involved in overcoming a challenge that is just about manageable, so it acts as a magnet for learning new skills and increasing challenges,&#8221; positive psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi explains. &#8220;If challenges are too low, one gets back to flow by increasing them. If challenges are too great, one can return to the flow state by learning new skills.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>To learn more about ten components of the flow zone, see the article, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/what-is-flow-2794768\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flow Can Help You Achieve Your Goals<\/a>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Pomodoro Technique<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mNBmG24djoY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pomodoro study technique<\/a> was invented by Francesco Cirillo. It is a very straightforward strategy that involves breaking down large tasks into more manageable chunks. All you need is a timer. Set your timer for 25 minutes and work on your task. Once 25 minutes has passed, take a five minute break. Each work session of 25 minutes is called a Pomodoro. Once you have completed 4 Pomodoros, take a longer break for 20-30 minutes. Decide the exact time of your break based on the length of time you need to feel refreshed and ready to work again. The breaks throughout give you plenty of time to get up and stretch, refill your coffee, or do whatever else you need to do, so you can work productively during each Pomodoro session.<\/p>\n<p>What are your initial thoughts about this technique? To what big project could you apply the Pomodoro technique? What would you use for your timer? Where would you work on the project?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-49\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Your Physical Environment. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Linda Bruce. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Student with dreadlocks at desk with open book, writing on lined paper . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Unsplash. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1520569495996-b5e1219cb625?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&#038;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&#038;s=12484fed62321369622f11f97c9ee4e3&#038;w=1000&#038;q=80\">https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1520569495996-b5e1219cb625?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&#038;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&#038;s=12484fed62321369622f11f97c9ee4e3&#038;w=1000&#038;q=80<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/cc0\">CC0: No Rights Reserved<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Students Talk: Multitasking. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: JWang. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: UBC Learning Commons. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/learningcommons.ubc.ca\/students-talk-multitasking\/\">http:\/\/learningcommons.ubc.ca\/students-talk-multitasking\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>UBC Students Talk: Multitasking - Does It Work?. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: UBC LEAP. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/QStKeI9Bluc\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/QStKeI9Bluc<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Educational Consultant Explains Importance of College Study Spaces. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: GreatCollegeAdvice. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/hJzAxhnrMGg\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/hJzAxhnrMGg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><li>Female student in library working on computer. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Westchester Community College. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Westchester Community College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/pubsoffice\/17992047023\/in\/photolist-tpTWKi-bxbJMP-bmgfC7-bzb7rB-bxbHT4-bxbM7c-bxbLr6-bxbv5R-bxbKxR-bxbE7i-br4Rm4-bxbH1T-bxbFwz-bxbEDn-br4Qv2-bxbG7i-bxbwj2-bxbx5Z-br4PMk-bnR3qS-br4Swi-ujpGEL-tpTUcT-ujpJVs-2hvs36X-cNDRZm-bEU72i-2gNxZCa-2gNxfea-2gNxfge-2gNy13o-bxbvC4-2gNy18U-2gNxfhg-2gNxZEu-2gNxfbQ-2gNxZHv-2gNxf7M-2gNxeNW-2gNxeTv-2gNxf6e-2gNxfas-2gNxf9f-2gYuBuH-2gYvnus-2gYuBCJ-2gYvnCd-2gYuBzx-2gYuBxD-2hvrWVM\">https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/pubsoffice\/17992047023\/in\/photolist-tpTWKi-bxbJMP-bmgfC7-bzb7rB-bxbHT4-bxbM7c-bxbLr6-bxbv5R-bxbKxR-bxbE7i-br4Rm4-bxbH1T-bxbFwz-bxbEDn-br4Qv2-bxbG7i-bxbwj2-bxbx5Z-br4PMk-bnR3qS-br4Swi-ujpGEL-tpTUcT-ujpJVs-2hvs36X-cNDRZm-bEU72i-2gNxZCa-2gNxfea-2gNxfge-2gNy13o-bxbvC4-2gNy18U-2gNxfhg-2gNxZEu-2gNxfbQ-2gNxZHv-2gNxf7M-2gNxeNW-2gNxeTv-2gNxf6e-2gNxfas-2gNxf9f-2gYuBuH-2gYvnus-2gYuBCJ-2gYvnCd-2gYuBzx-2gYuBxD-2hvrWVM<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-49-1\">\"The True Cost Of Multi-Tasking.\" <i>Psychology Today<\/i>. Web. 30 Mar. 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-49-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-49-2\">Levitin, Daniel J. \"Why the Modern World Is Bad for Your Brain.\" <i>The Guardian<\/i>. Guardian News and Media, 2015. Web. 30 Mar. 2016. <a href=\"#return-footnote-49-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":311,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"Educational Consultant Explains Importance of College Study Spaces\",\"author\":\"GreatCollegeAdvice\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/hJzAxhnrMGg\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Students Talk: Multitasking\",\"author\":\"JWang\",\"organization\":\"UBC Learning Commons\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/learningcommons.ubc.ca\/students-talk-multitasking\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"UBC Students Talk: Multitasking - Does It Work?\",\"author\":\"UBC LEAP\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/QStKeI9Bluc\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Your Physical Environment\",\"author\":\"Linda Bruce\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"Female student in library working on computer\",\"author\":\"Westchester Community College\",\"organization\":\"Westchester Community College\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/pubsoffice\/17992047023\/in\/photolist-tpTWKi-bxbJMP-bmgfC7-bzb7rB-bxbHT4-bxbM7c-bxbLr6-bxbv5R-bxbKxR-bxbE7i-br4Rm4-bxbH1T-bxbFwz-bxbEDn-br4Qv2-bxbG7i-bxbwj2-bxbx5Z-br4PMk-bnR3qS-br4Swi-ujpGEL-tpTUcT-ujpJVs-2hvs36X-cNDRZm-bEU72i-2gNxZCa-2gNxfea-2gNxfge-2gNy13o-bxbvC4-2gNy18U-2gNxfhg-2gNxZEu-2gNxfbQ-2gNxZHv-2gNxf7M-2gNxeNW-2gNxeTv-2gNxf6e-2gNxfas-2gNxf9f-2gYuBuH-2gYvnus-2gYuBCJ-2gYvnCd-2gYuBzx-2gYuBxD-2hvrWVM\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Student with dreadlocks at desk with open book, writing on lined paper \",\"author\":\"Unsplash\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1520569495996-b5e1219cb625?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&s=12484fed62321369622f11f97c9ee4e3&w=1000&q=80\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc0\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-49","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":121,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/311"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4799,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/revisions\/4799"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/121"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/49\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/suny-wcc-collegesuccess3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}