{"id":107,"date":"2015-07-18T02:02:35","date_gmt":"2015-07-18T02:02:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/bio2labsxmaster2\/?post_type=chapter&p=107"},"modified":"2016-01-06T20:41:55","modified_gmt":"2016-01-06T20:41:55","slug":"reading-sponges","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/tcc-biolab\/chapter\/reading-sponges\/","title":{"raw":"Reading: Sponges","rendered":"Reading: Sponges"},"content":{"raw":"There are two phyla of sponges: Calcarea<\/em> and Silicea<\/em>.\r\n

Preserved Specimens<\/h2>\r\nExamine preserved sponges on display. Identify the osculum. Can you see pores?\u00a0Some of these specimens are shown below.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_337\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"329\"]\"\" Figure 1. Chalina[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_338\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"299\"]\"\" Figure 2. Spongila[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_339\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"450\"]\"Figure Figure 3. Commercial Sponge[\/caption]\r\n

Structure of Sponges<\/h2>\r\nThe photographs below are of Grantia<\/i>. The body of this species is highly folded producing many chambers. In the last two photographs, the living cells have been removed to reveal the spicules.\r\n\r\nExamine the following prepared slides: Grantia<\/i> c.s.and Grantia<\/i> l.s. Find collar cells, epidermal cells, and pores. What is the function of the collar cells? What is the function of the pores?\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_340\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"600\"]\"Figure Figure 4. Grantia c.s. X 400[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_341\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"600\"]\"Figure Figure 5. Grantia l.s. X 40[\/caption]\r\n\r\nExamine a slide of Grantia spicules. What is the function of the spicules?\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_342\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"600\"]\"Figure Figure 6. Grantia<\/em> spicules X 40[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_343\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"600\"]\"Figure Figure 7. Grantia<\/em> spicules X 100[\/caption]\r\n\r\nSpicules<\/b> are needle-like structures composed of either calcium carbonate or silica and offer support and protection.","rendered":"

There are two phyla of sponges: Calcarea<\/em> and Silicea<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Preserved Specimens<\/h2>\n

Examine preserved sponges on display. Identify the osculum. Can you see pores?\u00a0Some of these specimens are shown below.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 1. Chalina<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 2. Spongila<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Figure<\/p>\n

Figure 3. Commercial Sponge<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Structure of Sponges<\/h2>\n

The photographs below are of Grantia<\/i>. The body of this species is highly folded producing many chambers. In the last two photographs, the living cells have been removed to reveal the spicules.<\/p>\n

Examine the following prepared slides: Grantia<\/i> c.s.and Grantia<\/i> l.s. Find collar cells, epidermal cells, and pores. What is the function of the collar cells? What is the function of the pores?<\/p>\n

\"Figure<\/p>\n

Figure 4. Grantia c.s. X 400<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Figure<\/p>\n

Figure 5. Grantia l.s. X 40<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Examine a slide of Grantia spicules. What is the function of the spicules?<\/p>\n

\"Figure<\/p>\n

Figure 6. Grantia<\/em> spicules X 40<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Figure<\/p>\n

Figure 7. Grantia<\/em> spicules X 100<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Spicules<\/b> are needle-like structures composed of either calcium carbonate or silica and offer support and protection.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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