{"id":1351,"date":"2017-05-25T20:04:23","date_gmt":"2017-05-25T20:04:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/towson-astronomy\/?post_type=chapter&p=1351"},"modified":"2017-05-25T20:04:23","modified_gmt":"2017-05-25T20:04:23","slug":"for-further-exploration-galaxies","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/towson-astronomy\/chapter\/for-further-exploration-galaxies\/","title":{"raw":"For Further Exploration: Galaxies","rendered":"For Further Exploration: Galaxies"},"content":{"raw":"

Articles<\/h2>\r\n
\r\n

Andrews, B. \"What Are Galaxies Trying to Tell Us?\" Astronomy<\/em> (February 2011): 24. Introduction to our understanding of the shapes and evolution of different types of galaxies.<\/p>\r\n

Bothun, G. \"Beyond the Hubble Sequence.\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (May 2000): 36. History and updating of Hubble\u2019s classification scheme.<\/p>\r\n

Christianson, G. \"Mastering the Universe.\" Astronomy<\/em> (February 1999): 60. Brief introduction to Hubble\u2019s life and work.<\/p>\r\n

Dalcanton, J. \"The Overlooked Galaxies.\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (April 1998): 28. On low-brightness galaxies, which have been easy to miss.<\/p>\r\n

Freedman, W. \"The Expansion Rate and Size of the Universe.\" Scientific American<\/em> (November 1992): 76.<\/p>\r\n

Hodge, P. \"The Extragalactic Distance Scale: Agreement at Last?\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (October 1993): 16.<\/p>\r\n

Jones, B. \"The Legacy of Edwin Hubble.\" Astronomy<\/em> (December 1989): 38.<\/p>\r\n

Kaufmann, G. and van den Bosch, F. \"The Life Cycle of Galaxies.\" Scientific American<\/em> (June 2002): 46. On galaxy evolution and how it leads to the different types of galaxies.<\/p>\r\n

Martin, P. and Friedli, D. \"At the Hearts of Barred Galaxies.\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (March 1999): 32. On barred spirals.<\/p>\r\n

Osterbrock, D. \"Edwin Hubble and the Expanding Universe.\" Scientific American<\/em> (July 1993): 84.<\/p>\r\n

Russell, D. \"Island Universes from Wright to Hubble.\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (January 1999) 56. A history of our discovery of galaxies.<\/p>\r\n

Smith, R. \"The Great Debate Revisited.\" Sky & Telescope<\/em> (January 1983): 28. On the Shapley-Curtis debate concerning the extent of the Milky Way and the existence of other galaxies.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/section>

\r\n

Websites<\/h2>\r\n

ABC\u2019s of Distance: http:\/\/www.astro.ucla.edu\/~wright\/distance.htm. A concise summary by astronomer Ned Wright of all the different methods we use to get distances in astronomy.<\/p>\r\n

Cosmic Times 1929: http:\/\/cosmictimes.gsfc.nasa.gov\/online_edition\/1929Cosmic\/index.html. NASA project explaining Hubble\u2019s work and surrounding discoveries as if you were reading newspaper articles.<\/p>\r\n

Edwin Hubble: The Man Behind the Name: https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/about\/history\/the_man_behind_the_name\/. Concise biography from the people at the Hubble Space Telescope.<\/p>\r\n

Edwin Hubble: http:\/\/apod.nasa.gov\/diamond_jubilee\/d_1996\/sandage_hubble.html. An article on the life and work of Hubble by his student and successor, Allan Sandage. A bit technical in places, but giving a real picture of the man and the science.<\/p>\r\n

NASA Science: Introduction to Galaxies: http:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/astrophysics\/focus-areas\/what-are-galaxies\/. A brief overview with links to other pages, and recent Hubble Space Telescope discoveries.<\/p>\r\n

National Optical Astronomy Observatories Gallery of Galaxies: https:\/\/www.noao.edu\/image_gallery\/galaxies.html. A collection of images and information about galaxies and galaxy groups of different types. Another impressive archive can be found at the European Southern Observatory site: https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/images\/archive\/category\/galaxies\/.<\/p>\r\n

Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Introduction to Galaxies: http:\/\/skyserver.sdss.org\/dr1\/en\/astro\/galaxies\/galaxies.asp. Another brief overview.<\/p>\r\n

Universe Expansion: http:\/\/hubblesite.org\/newscenter\/archive\/releases\/1999\/19. The background material here provides a nice chronology of how we discovered and measured the expansion of the universe.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/section>

\r\n

Videos<\/h2>\r\n

Edwin Hubble (Hubblecast Episode 89): http:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/videos\/hubblecast89a\/. (5:59).<\/p>\r\n

Galaxies: An Introduction: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HYYgangrkZg. A compilation of several short European videos that first describe galaxies in general and then focus on galaxies in Hubble telescope images (12:48).<\/p>\r\n

Hubble\u2019s Views of the Deep Universe: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=argR2U15w-M. A 2015 public talk by Brandon Lawton of the Space Telescope Science Institute about galaxies and beyond (1:26:20).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/section>","rendered":"

Articles<\/h2>\n
\n

Andrews, B. “What Are Galaxies Trying to Tell Us?” Astronomy<\/em> (February 2011): 24. Introduction to our understanding of the shapes and evolution of different types of galaxies.<\/p>\n

Bothun, G. “Beyond the Hubble Sequence.” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (May 2000): 36. History and updating of Hubble\u2019s classification scheme.<\/p>\n

Christianson, G. “Mastering the Universe.” Astronomy<\/em> (February 1999): 60. Brief introduction to Hubble\u2019s life and work.<\/p>\n

Dalcanton, J. “The Overlooked Galaxies.” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (April 1998): 28. On low-brightness galaxies, which have been easy to miss.<\/p>\n

Freedman, W. “The Expansion Rate and Size of the Universe.” Scientific American<\/em> (November 1992): 76.<\/p>\n

Hodge, P. “The Extragalactic Distance Scale: Agreement at Last?” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (October 1993): 16.<\/p>\n

Jones, B. “The Legacy of Edwin Hubble.” Astronomy<\/em> (December 1989): 38.<\/p>\n

Kaufmann, G. and van den Bosch, F. “The Life Cycle of Galaxies.” Scientific American<\/em> (June 2002): 46. On galaxy evolution and how it leads to the different types of galaxies.<\/p>\n

Martin, P. and Friedli, D. “At the Hearts of Barred Galaxies.” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (March 1999): 32. On barred spirals.<\/p>\n

Osterbrock, D. “Edwin Hubble and the Expanding Universe.” Scientific American<\/em> (July 1993): 84.<\/p>\n

Russell, D. “Island Universes from Wright to Hubble.” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (January 1999) 56. A history of our discovery of galaxies.<\/p>\n

Smith, R. “The Great Debate Revisited.” Sky & Telescope<\/em> (January 1983): 28. On the Shapley-Curtis debate concerning the extent of the Milky Way and the existence of other galaxies.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Websites<\/h2>\n

ABC\u2019s of Distance: http:\/\/www.astro.ucla.edu\/~wright\/distance.htm. A concise summary by astronomer Ned Wright of all the different methods we use to get distances in astronomy.<\/p>\n

Cosmic Times 1929: http:\/\/cosmictimes.gsfc.nasa.gov\/online_edition\/1929Cosmic\/index.html. NASA project explaining Hubble\u2019s work and surrounding discoveries as if you were reading newspaper articles.<\/p>\n

Edwin Hubble: The Man Behind the Name: https:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/about\/history\/the_man_behind_the_name\/. Concise biography from the people at the Hubble Space Telescope.<\/p>\n

Edwin Hubble: http:\/\/apod.nasa.gov\/diamond_jubilee\/d_1996\/sandage_hubble.html. An article on the life and work of Hubble by his student and successor, Allan Sandage. A bit technical in places, but giving a real picture of the man and the science.<\/p>\n

NASA Science: Introduction to Galaxies: http:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/astrophysics\/focus-areas\/what-are-galaxies\/. A brief overview with links to other pages, and recent Hubble Space Telescope discoveries.<\/p>\n

National Optical Astronomy Observatories Gallery of Galaxies: https:\/\/www.noao.edu\/image_gallery\/galaxies.html. A collection of images and information about galaxies and galaxy groups of different types. Another impressive archive can be found at the European Southern Observatory site: https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/images\/archive\/category\/galaxies\/.<\/p>\n

Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Introduction to Galaxies: http:\/\/skyserver.sdss.org\/dr1\/en\/astro\/galaxies\/galaxies.asp. Another brief overview.<\/p>\n

Universe Expansion: http:\/\/hubblesite.org\/newscenter\/archive\/releases\/1999\/19. The background material here provides a nice chronology of how we discovered and measured the expansion of the universe.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Videos<\/h2>\n

Edwin Hubble (Hubblecast Episode 89): http:\/\/www.spacetelescope.org\/videos\/hubblecast89a\/. (5:59).<\/p>\n

Galaxies: An Introduction: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HYYgangrkZg. A compilation of several short European videos that first describe galaxies in general and then focus on galaxies in Hubble telescope images (12:48).<\/p>\n

Hubble\u2019s Views of the Deep Universe: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=argR2U15w-M. A 2015 public talk by Brandon Lawton of the Space Telescope Science Institute about galaxies and beyond (1:26:20).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n\t\t\t

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Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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