{"id":1808,"date":"2014-10-23T21:49:17","date_gmt":"2014-10-23T21:49:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/apvccs\/?post_type=chapter&p=1808"},"modified":"2017-03-10T23:49:56","modified_gmt":"2017-03-10T23:49:56","slug":"glossary-the-integumentary-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/trident-ap1\/chapter\/glossary-the-integumentary-system\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary: The Integumentary System","rendered":"Glossary: The Integumentary System"},"content":{"raw":"acne:<\/strong> skin condition due to infected sebaceous glands\r\n\r\nalbinism:<\/strong> genetic disorder that affects the skin, in which there is no melanin production\r\n\r\nanagen:<\/strong> active phase of the hair growth cycle\r\n\r\napocrine sweat gland:<\/strong> type of sweat gland that is associated with hair follicles in the armpits and genital regions\r\n\r\narrector pili:<\/strong> smooth muscle that is activated in response to external stimuli that pull on hair follicles and make the hair \u201cstand up\u201d\r\n\r\nbasal cell carcinoma:<\/strong> cancer that originates from basal cells in the epidermis of the skin\r\n\r\nbasal cell:<\/strong> type of stem cell found in the stratum basale and in the hair matrix that continually undergoes cell division, producing the keratinocytes of the epidermis\r\n\r\nbedsore:<\/strong> sore on the skin that develops when regions of the body start necrotizing due to constant pressure and lack of blood supply; also called decubitis ulcers\r\n\r\ncallus:<\/strong> thickened area of skin that arises due to constant abrasion\r\n\r\ncatagen:<\/strong> transitional phase marking the end of the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle\r\n\r\ncorn:<\/strong> type of callus that is named for its shape and the elliptical motion of the abrasive force\r\n\r\ncortex:<\/strong> in hair, the second or middle layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb\r\n\r\ncuticle:<\/strong> in hair, the outermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb\r\n\r\ndermal papilla:<\/strong> (plural = dermal papillae) extension of the papillary layer of the dermis that increases surface contact between the epidermis and dermis\r\n\r\ndermis:<\/strong> layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis, composed mainly of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures\r\n\r\ndesmosome:<\/strong> structure that forms an impermeable junction between cells\r\n\r\neccrine sweat gland:<\/strong> type of sweat gland that is common throughout the skin surface; it produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation\r\n\r\neczema:<\/strong> skin condition due to an allergic reaction, which resembles a rash\r\n\r\nelastin fibers:<\/strong> fibers made of the protein elastin that increase the elasticity of the dermis\r\n\r\neleiden:<\/strong> clear protein-bound lipid found in the stratum lucidum that is derived from keratohyalin and helps to prevent water loss\r\n\r\nepidermis:<\/strong> outermost tissue layer of the skin\r\n\r\neponychium:<\/strong> nail fold that meets the proximal end of the nail body, also called the cuticle\r\n\r\nexternal root sheath:<\/strong> outer layer of the hair follicle that is an extension of the epidermis, which encloses the hair root\r\n\r\nfirst-degree burn:<\/strong> superficial burn that injures only the epidermis\r\n\r\nfourth-degree burn:<\/strong> burn in which full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone is damaged\r\n\r\nglassy membrane:<\/strong> layer of connective tissue that surrounds the base of the hair follicle, connecting it to the dermis\r\n\r\nhair bulb:<\/strong> structure at the base of the hair root that surrounds the dermal papilla\r\n\r\nhair follicle:<\/strong> cavity or sac from which hair originates\r\n\r\nhair matrix:<\/strong> layer of basal cells from which a strand of hair grows\r\n\r\nhair papilla:<\/strong> mass of connective tissue, blood capillaries, and nerve endings at the base of the hair follicle\r\n\r\nhair root:<\/strong> part of hair that is below the epidermis anchored to the follicle\r\n\r\nhair shaft:<\/strong> part of hair that is above the epidermis but is not anchored to the follicle\r\n\r\nhair:<\/strong> keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis\r\n\r\nhypodermis:<\/strong> connective tissue connecting the integument to the underlying bone and muscle\r\n\r\nhyponychium:<\/strong> thickened layer of stratum corneum that lies below the free edge of the nail\r\n\r\nintegumentary system:<\/strong> skin and its accessory structures\r\n\r\ninternal root sheath:<\/strong> innermost layer of keratinocytes in the hair follicle that surround the hair root up to the hair shaft\r\n\r\nkeloid:<\/strong> type of scar that has layers raised above the skin surface\r\n\r\nkeratin:<\/strong> type of structural protein that gives skin, hair, and nails its hard, water-resistant properties\r\n\r\nkeratinocyte:<\/strong> cell that produces keratin and is the most predominant type of cell found in the epidermis\r\n\r\nkeratohyalin:<\/strong> granulated protein found in the stratum granulosum\r\n\r\nLangerhans cell:<\/strong> specialized dendritic cell found in the stratum spinosum that functions as a macrophage\r\n\r\nlunula:<\/strong> basal part of the nail body that consists of a crescent-shaped layer of thick epithelium\r\n\r\nMeissner corpuscle:<\/strong> (also, tactile corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to light touch\r\n\r\nMerkel cell:<\/strong> receptor cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis that responds to the sense of touch\r\n\r\nmedulla:<\/strong> in hair, the innermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix\r\n\r\nmelanin:<\/strong> pigment that determines the color of hair and skin\r\n\r\nmelanocyte:<\/strong> cell found in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin\r\n\r\nmelanoma:<\/strong> type of skin cancer that originates from the melanocytes of the skin\r\n\r\nmelanosome:<\/strong> intercellular vesicle that transfers melanin from melanocytes into keratinocytes of the epidermis\r\n\r\nmetastasis:<\/strong> spread of cancer cells from a source to other parts of the body\r\n\r\nnail bed:<\/strong> layer of epidermis upon which the nail body forms\r\n\r\nnail body:<\/strong> main keratinous plate that forms the nail\r\n\r\nnail cuticle:<\/strong> fold of epithelium that extends over the nail bed, also called the eponychium\r\n\r\nnail fold:<\/strong> fold of epithelium at that extend over the sides of the nail body, holding it in place\r\n\r\nnail root:<\/strong> part of the nail that is lodged deep in the epidermis from which the nail grows\r\n\r\nPacinian corpuscle:<\/strong> (also, lamellated corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to vibration\r\n\r\npapillary layer:<\/strong> superficial layer of the dermis, made of loose, areolar connective tissue\r\n\r\nreticular layer:<\/strong> deeper layer of the dermis; it has a reticulated appearance due to the presence of abundant collagen and elastin fibers\r\n\r\nrickets:<\/strong> disease in children caused by vitamin D deficiency, which leads to the weakening of bones\r\n\r\nscar:<\/strong> collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that is different from normal skin\r\n\r\nsebaceous gland:<\/strong> type of oil gland found in the dermis all over the body and helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair by secreting sebum\r\n\r\nsebum:<\/strong> oily substance that is composed of a mixture of lipids that lubricates the skin and hair\r\n\r\nsecond-degree burn:<\/strong> partial-thickness burn that injures the epidermis and a portion of the dermis\r\n\r\nsquamous cell carcinoma:<\/strong> type of skin cancer that originates from the stratum spinosum of the epidermis\r\n\r\nstratum basale:<\/strong> deepest layer of the epidermis, made of epidermal stem cells\r\n\r\nstratum corneum:<\/strong> most superficial layer of the epidermis\r\n\r\nstratum granulosum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum spinosum\r\n\r\nstratum lucidum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum, found only in thick skin covering the palms, soles of the feet, and digits\r\n\r\nstratum spinosum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum basale, characterized by the presence of desmosomes\r\n\r\nstretch mark:<\/strong> mark formed on the skin due to a sudden growth spurt and expansion of the dermis beyond its elastic limits\r\n\r\nsudoriferous gland:<\/strong> sweat gland\r\n\r\ntelogen:<\/strong> resting phase of the hair growth cycle initiated with catagen and terminated by the beginning of a new anagen phase of hair growth\r\n\r\nthird-degree burn:<\/strong> burn that penetrates and destroys the full thickness of the skin (epidermis and dermis)\r\n\r\nvitamin D:<\/strong> compound that aids absorption of calcium and phosphates in the intestine to improve bone health\r\n\r\nvitiligo:<\/strong> skin condition in which melanocytes in certain areas lose the ability to produce melanin, possibly due an autoimmune reaction that leads to loss of color in patches","rendered":"

acne:<\/strong> skin condition due to infected sebaceous glands<\/p>\n

albinism:<\/strong> genetic disorder that affects the skin, in which there is no melanin production<\/p>\n

anagen:<\/strong> active phase of the hair growth cycle<\/p>\n

apocrine sweat gland:<\/strong> type of sweat gland that is associated with hair follicles in the armpits and genital regions<\/p>\n

arrector pili:<\/strong> smooth muscle that is activated in response to external stimuli that pull on hair follicles and make the hair \u201cstand up\u201d<\/p>\n

basal cell carcinoma:<\/strong> cancer that originates from basal cells in the epidermis of the skin<\/p>\n

basal cell:<\/strong> type of stem cell found in the stratum basale and in the hair matrix that continually undergoes cell division, producing the keratinocytes of the epidermis<\/p>\n

bedsore:<\/strong> sore on the skin that develops when regions of the body start necrotizing due to constant pressure and lack of blood supply; also called decubitis ulcers<\/p>\n

callus:<\/strong> thickened area of skin that arises due to constant abrasion<\/p>\n

catagen:<\/strong> transitional phase marking the end of the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle<\/p>\n

corn:<\/strong> type of callus that is named for its shape and the elliptical motion of the abrasive force<\/p>\n

cortex:<\/strong> in hair, the second or middle layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb<\/p>\n

cuticle:<\/strong> in hair, the outermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix, as seen in a cross-section of the hair bulb<\/p>\n

dermal papilla:<\/strong> (plural = dermal papillae) extension of the papillary layer of the dermis that increases surface contact between the epidermis and dermis<\/p>\n

dermis:<\/strong> layer of skin between the epidermis and hypodermis, composed mainly of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures<\/p>\n

desmosome:<\/strong> structure that forms an impermeable junction between cells<\/p>\n

eccrine sweat gland:<\/strong> type of sweat gland that is common throughout the skin surface; it produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation<\/p>\n

eczema:<\/strong> skin condition due to an allergic reaction, which resembles a rash<\/p>\n

elastin fibers:<\/strong> fibers made of the protein elastin that increase the elasticity of the dermis<\/p>\n

eleiden:<\/strong> clear protein-bound lipid found in the stratum lucidum that is derived from keratohyalin and helps to prevent water loss<\/p>\n

epidermis:<\/strong> outermost tissue layer of the skin<\/p>\n

eponychium:<\/strong> nail fold that meets the proximal end of the nail body, also called the cuticle<\/p>\n

external root sheath:<\/strong> outer layer of the hair follicle that is an extension of the epidermis, which encloses the hair root<\/p>\n

first-degree burn:<\/strong> superficial burn that injures only the epidermis<\/p>\n

fourth-degree burn:<\/strong> burn in which full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone is damaged<\/p>\n

glassy membrane:<\/strong> layer of connective tissue that surrounds the base of the hair follicle, connecting it to the dermis<\/p>\n

hair bulb:<\/strong> structure at the base of the hair root that surrounds the dermal papilla<\/p>\n

hair follicle:<\/strong> cavity or sac from which hair originates<\/p>\n

hair matrix:<\/strong> layer of basal cells from which a strand of hair grows<\/p>\n

hair papilla:<\/strong> mass of connective tissue, blood capillaries, and nerve endings at the base of the hair follicle<\/p>\n

hair root:<\/strong> part of hair that is below the epidermis anchored to the follicle<\/p>\n

hair shaft:<\/strong> part of hair that is above the epidermis but is not anchored to the follicle<\/p>\n

hair:<\/strong> keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis<\/p>\n

hypodermis:<\/strong> connective tissue connecting the integument to the underlying bone and muscle<\/p>\n

hyponychium:<\/strong> thickened layer of stratum corneum that lies below the free edge of the nail<\/p>\n

integumentary system:<\/strong> skin and its accessory structures<\/p>\n

internal root sheath:<\/strong> innermost layer of keratinocytes in the hair follicle that surround the hair root up to the hair shaft<\/p>\n

keloid:<\/strong> type of scar that has layers raised above the skin surface<\/p>\n

keratin:<\/strong> type of structural protein that gives skin, hair, and nails its hard, water-resistant properties<\/p>\n

keratinocyte:<\/strong> cell that produces keratin and is the most predominant type of cell found in the epidermis<\/p>\n

keratohyalin:<\/strong> granulated protein found in the stratum granulosum<\/p>\n

Langerhans cell:<\/strong> specialized dendritic cell found in the stratum spinosum that functions as a macrophage<\/p>\n

lunula:<\/strong> basal part of the nail body that consists of a crescent-shaped layer of thick epithelium<\/p>\n

Meissner corpuscle:<\/strong> (also, tactile corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to light touch<\/p>\n

Merkel cell:<\/strong> receptor cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis that responds to the sense of touch<\/p>\n

medulla:<\/strong> in hair, the innermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix<\/p>\n

melanin:<\/strong> pigment that determines the color of hair and skin<\/p>\n

melanocyte:<\/strong> cell found in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produces the pigment melanin<\/p>\n

melanoma:<\/strong> type of skin cancer that originates from the melanocytes of the skin<\/p>\n

melanosome:<\/strong> intercellular vesicle that transfers melanin from melanocytes into keratinocytes of the epidermis<\/p>\n

metastasis:<\/strong> spread of cancer cells from a source to other parts of the body<\/p>\n

nail bed:<\/strong> layer of epidermis upon which the nail body forms<\/p>\n

nail body:<\/strong> main keratinous plate that forms the nail<\/p>\n

nail cuticle:<\/strong> fold of epithelium that extends over the nail bed, also called the eponychium<\/p>\n

nail fold:<\/strong> fold of epithelium at that extend over the sides of the nail body, holding it in place<\/p>\n

nail root:<\/strong> part of the nail that is lodged deep in the epidermis from which the nail grows<\/p>\n

Pacinian corpuscle:<\/strong> (also, lamellated corpuscle) receptor in the skin that responds to vibration<\/p>\n

papillary layer:<\/strong> superficial layer of the dermis, made of loose, areolar connective tissue<\/p>\n

reticular layer:<\/strong> deeper layer of the dermis; it has a reticulated appearance due to the presence of abundant collagen and elastin fibers<\/p>\n

rickets:<\/strong> disease in children caused by vitamin D deficiency, which leads to the weakening of bones<\/p>\n

scar:<\/strong> collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that is different from normal skin<\/p>\n

sebaceous gland:<\/strong> type of oil gland found in the dermis all over the body and helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair by secreting sebum<\/p>\n

sebum:<\/strong> oily substance that is composed of a mixture of lipids that lubricates the skin and hair<\/p>\n

second-degree burn:<\/strong> partial-thickness burn that injures the epidermis and a portion of the dermis<\/p>\n

squamous cell carcinoma:<\/strong> type of skin cancer that originates from the stratum spinosum of the epidermis<\/p>\n

stratum basale:<\/strong> deepest layer of the epidermis, made of epidermal stem cells<\/p>\n

stratum corneum:<\/strong> most superficial layer of the epidermis<\/p>\n

stratum granulosum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum spinosum<\/p>\n

stratum lucidum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum, found only in thick skin covering the palms, soles of the feet, and digits<\/p>\n

stratum spinosum:<\/strong> layer of the epidermis superficial to the stratum basale, characterized by the presence of desmosomes<\/p>\n

stretch mark:<\/strong> mark formed on the skin due to a sudden growth spurt and expansion of the dermis beyond its elastic limits<\/p>\n

sudoriferous gland:<\/strong> sweat gland<\/p>\n

telogen:<\/strong> resting phase of the hair growth cycle initiated with catagen and terminated by the beginning of a new anagen phase of hair growth<\/p>\n

third-degree burn:<\/strong> burn that penetrates and destroys the full thickness of the skin (epidermis and dermis)<\/p>\n

vitamin D:<\/strong> compound that aids absorption of calcium and phosphates in the intestine to improve bone health<\/p>\n

vitiligo:<\/strong> skin condition in which melanocytes in certain areas lose the ability to produce melanin, possibly due an autoimmune reaction that leads to loss of color in patches<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t

Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div>