{"id":2473,"date":"2016-08-22T21:21:42","date_gmt":"2016-08-22T21:21:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2473"},"modified":"2017-08-28T21:02:53","modified_gmt":"2017-08-28T21:02:53","slug":"areas-of-chemistry","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/chapter\/areas-of-chemistry\/","title":{"raw":"Areas of Chemistry","rendered":"Areas of Chemistry"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li id=\"x-ck12-QXJlYXMgb2YgQ2hlbWlzdHJ5\">\u00a0List and define the five areas of chemistry.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>How do guitars vary in both sound and style?<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTRkMzM5ZmM5Yjc5ZjEzOWMzMDhkZmJkY2NjY2NiYTg.-3m4\"><img class=\"alignright\" title=\"Guitars at the Smithsonian\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210513\/20140811154947492859.jpeg\" alt=\"Acoustic and electric guitars\" width=\"199\" height=\"266\" \/>In talking with guitar players, it is not enough to say \u201cI play the guitar.\u201d The next question is always \u201cOh, what do you play?\u201d In the picture to the right, we can see several styles of guitars.<\/p>\r\nThere are two acoustic guitars (non-electric, non-amplified) and three different electric guitars.\u00a0 Not shown are instruments such as a classical guitar (six nylon strings instead of steel strings), a bass guitar (usually four strings, but some have five), a resonator guitar for slide blues (uses open tunings), an electric steel guitar (for country music) and a Hawaiian guitar.\r\n\r\nGuitar players specialize in a type of instrument and style of music.\u00a0 The same is true of chemistry and other sciences.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZDYxZmRhYTdkNmU0NTdlMTI0ZTI4NGMwMjI3NDExNDc.-gay\">The study of modern chemistry has many branches, but can generally be broken down into five main disciplines, or areas of study:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTc2YzZkMGE5MzFmNjQwNGY1MzYyOTk5MzI3YTI2NDA.-pgx\">\r\n \t<li><strong> physical chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> organic chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> inorganic chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> analytical chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> biochemistry <\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-MWE1YWIyODViMjMxNTA1YzVhYjUwMTI4NjZlODBkMDE.-ttv_2-qnz\">Physical Chemistry<\/h2>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NWFmZGUxMjIxYWY5NjY0NGY4NDkzOThkMDIyNWUzNmI.-zsx\">Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic properties, atomic properties, and phenomena in chemical systems.\u00a0 A physical chemist may study such things as the rates of chemical reactions, the energy transfers that occur in reactions, or the physical structure of materials at the molecular level.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-ODUyZjAyYjM0MWQ1NzJiYTliNzVhYWRkZGZlMDNjY2E.-5ho_2-rs8\">Organic Chemistry<\/h2>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MzhkM2RhYzZmOGZmMTYwMzUzM2UxNzliYzAzNzYyZmU.-unu\">Organic chemistry is the study of chemicals containing carbon.\u00a0 Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth and is capable of forming a tremendously vast number of chemicals (over twenty million so far).\u00a0 Most of the chemicals found in all living organisms are based on carbon.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-NWRkZjkwMDk5N2IzZjNkMmVlZjlhNGJmZDkwOTgxZDE.-yos_2-h4v\">Inorganic Chemistry<\/h2>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MWM5YTU3MzkyZTc0ODg3MzAxYWE0ZGNkODY4NmUyNmY.-3b5\">Inorganic chemistry is the study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.\u00a0 Inorganic chemicals are commonly found in rocks and minerals.\u00a0 One current important area of inorganic chemistry deals with the design and properties of materials involved in energy and information technology.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-NjAwNjFmYWZhZTQ3OTJiZjA2YmQ2NzE4NmJjY2U2ZWI.-hwg_2-s7t\">Analytical Chemistry<\/h2>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2ZkY2ZjOWYwMzNmZTAzYzM3N2YyMWVjOGI0MDQxYjA.-brz\">Analytical chemistry is the study of the composition of matter. It focuses on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.\u00a0 An analytical chemist may use complex instruments to analyze an unknown material in order to determine its various components.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"x-ck12-ZWFkODZmMzE3ZTAwMzRiOGY1OGE4YjMxNDllYmVmOGM.-mac\" class=\"x-ck12-img-postcard x-ck12-nofloat\">\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"500\"]<img id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM1ODQ1MzQ0OS00My04NC1DLUludENoLTAxLTAxLTAzLUFBUw..\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210515\/20140811154947649405.jpeg\" alt=\"Measuring trace metals using atomic absorption spectroscopy\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" longdesc=\"Measurement%20of%20trace%20metals%20using%20atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy.\" \/> Figure 1.\u00a0Measurement of trace metals using atomic absorption spectroscopy.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-MDUzZDc5OWNmMjgwMTEyMzM3MzBhODYzODYwNGI2ZWM.-pty_2-ejo\">Biochemistry<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MjkyNmJkYmMxYzU2ZTI1OGIwNDIxZWFlNGY5N2RmMDY.-yxv\" class=\"x-ck12-img-postcard x-ck12-nofloat\">\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM1ODQ1MzUwNS0zOC03My1DLUludENoLTAxLTAxLTMtSG9ybW9uZS1NZWFzdXJlbWVudA..\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210517\/20140811154947785122.jpeg\" alt=\"Measuring hormone concentrations in a machine\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" longdesc=\"Measuring%20hormone%20concentrations.\" \/> Figure 2.\u00a0Measuring hormone concentrations.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nBiochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur in living things.\u00a0 Research may cover basic cellular processes up to understanding disease states so better treatments can be developed.\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-OGQwM2ZlYTJhMzc0YzM3OGJmMzQxNjA1YWUzYTVmN2Y.-ahc\">In practice, chemical research is often not limited to just one of the five major disciplines.\u00a0 A particular chemist may use biochemistry to isolate a particular chemical found in the human body such as hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying component of red blood cells.\u00a0 He or she may then proceed to analyze the hemoglobin using methods that would pertain to the areas of physical or analytical chemistry.\u00a0 Many chemists specialize in areas that are combinations of the main disciplines, such as bioinorganic chemistry or physical organic chemistry.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3><strong>Summary <\/strong><\/h3>\r\nFive areas of chemistry are described:\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTc2YzZkMGE5MzFmNjQwNGY1MzYyOTk5MzI3YTI2NDA.-qlm\">\r\n \t<li>physical chemistry<\/li>\r\n \t<li>organic chemistry<\/li>\r\n \t<li>inorganic chemistry<\/li>\r\n \t<li>analytical chemistry<\/li>\r\n \t<li>biochemistry<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-Y2JkYWVlMzMzY2U4MjdjZDZkNjJkOWFkYmMyNjYxZTk.-xlm\">\r\n \t<li>Do an internet search using one of the five chemistry areas as a search term.\u00a0 List two significant contributions made to chemistry by that area.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTMxOTQxNThkZDYzOWQwMDlkZjdkNDBjZDViMWY5ODI.-mwl\">Match the project with the proper chemistry discipline.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table id=\"x-ck12-OGFlNzBjNjAzYzk4NTU3Nzg0ZmNmNWU3MWZkMjdjMzg.-h2i\" class=\"x-ck12-nofloat\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>a. measuring mercury in seawater<\/td>\r\n<td>1. biochemistry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>b. studying enzymes in cells<\/td>\r\n<td>2. organic chemistry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>c. measuring the electrical properties of solutions<\/td>\r\n<td>3. inorganic chemistry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>d. synthesizing new carbon compounds<\/td>\r\n<td>4. physical chemistry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>e. making new compounds for energy processes<\/td>\r\n<td>5. analytical chemistry<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Glossary<\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-NTdhZjkxNjY1ZTdiYmE3ZWI1ZGQ0NWIyZWM1ODViMzU.-h36\">\r\n \t<li><strong> physical chemistry:\u00a0 <\/strong> The study of the both the macroscopic and the atomic properties and phenomena in chemical systems.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> organic chemistry:\u00a0 <\/strong> The study of carbon-containing chemicals. \u00a0Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth and is capable of forming a tremendously vast number of chemicals (over twenty million so far).<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> inorganic chemistry: <\/strong> The study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> analytical chemistry: <\/strong> The study of the composition of matter, focusing on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> biochemistry: <\/strong> The study of chemical processes that occur in living things.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"836080\"]Show References[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"836080\"]\r\n<h2>References<\/h2>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>George Martin. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Guitars_at_Smithonian_Museum.jpg\">Guitars at the Smithsonian <\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Courtesy of Bill Shrout, Environmental Protection Agency.<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:EPA_GULF_BREEZE_LABORATORY,_THE_MICROBIOLOGY_LAB._AN_ATOMIC_ABSORPTION_SYSTEM,_WHICH_MEASURES_MINUTE_QUANTITIES,_IS..._-_NARA_-_546269.tif\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:EPA_GULF_BREEZE_LABORATORY,_THE_MICROBIOLOGY_LAB._AN_ATOMIC_ABSORPTION_SYSTEM,_WHICH_MEASURES_MINUTE_QUANTITIES,_IS..._-_NARA_-_546269.tif <\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Courtesy of Fred W. Baker III, U.S. Department of Defense .<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Defense.gov_photo_essay_090506-D-1852B-019.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Defense.gov_photo_essay_090506-D-1852B-019.jpg <\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li id=\"x-ck12-QXJlYXMgb2YgQ2hlbWlzdHJ5\">\u00a0List and define the five areas of chemistry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>How do guitars vary in both sound and style?<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTRkMzM5ZmM5Yjc5ZjEzOWMzMDhkZmJkY2NjY2NiYTg.-3m4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" title=\"Guitars at the Smithsonian\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210513\/20140811154947492859.jpeg\" alt=\"Acoustic and electric guitars\" width=\"199\" height=\"266\" \/>In talking with guitar players, it is not enough to say \u201cI play the guitar.\u201d The next question is always \u201cOh, what do you play?\u201d In the picture to the right, we can see several styles of guitars.<\/p>\n<p>There are two acoustic guitars (non-electric, non-amplified) and three different electric guitars.\u00a0 Not shown are instruments such as a classical guitar (six nylon strings instead of steel strings), a bass guitar (usually four strings, but some have five), a resonator guitar for slide blues (uses open tunings), an electric steel guitar (for country music) and a Hawaiian guitar.<\/p>\n<p>Guitar players specialize in a type of instrument and style of music.\u00a0 The same is true of chemistry and other sciences.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZDYxZmRhYTdkNmU0NTdlMTI0ZTI4NGMwMjI3NDExNDc.-gay\">The study of modern chemistry has many branches, but can generally be broken down into five main disciplines, or areas of study:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTc2YzZkMGE5MzFmNjQwNGY1MzYyOTk5MzI3YTI2NDA.-pgx\">\n<li><strong> physical chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> organic chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> inorganic chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> analytical chemistry <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong> biochemistry <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-MWE1YWIyODViMjMxNTA1YzVhYjUwMTI4NjZlODBkMDE.-ttv_2-qnz\">Physical Chemistry<\/h2>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NWFmZGUxMjIxYWY5NjY0NGY4NDkzOThkMDIyNWUzNmI.-zsx\">Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic properties, atomic properties, and phenomena in chemical systems.\u00a0 A physical chemist may study such things as the rates of chemical reactions, the energy transfers that occur in reactions, or the physical structure of materials at the molecular level.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-ODUyZjAyYjM0MWQ1NzJiYTliNzVhYWRkZGZlMDNjY2E.-5ho_2-rs8\">Organic Chemistry<\/h2>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MzhkM2RhYzZmOGZmMTYwMzUzM2UxNzliYzAzNzYyZmU.-unu\">Organic chemistry is the study of chemicals containing carbon.\u00a0 Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth and is capable of forming a tremendously vast number of chemicals (over twenty million so far).\u00a0 Most of the chemicals found in all living organisms are based on carbon.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-NWRkZjkwMDk5N2IzZjNkMmVlZjlhNGJmZDkwOTgxZDE.-yos_2-h4v\">Inorganic Chemistry<\/h2>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MWM5YTU3MzkyZTc0ODg3MzAxYWE0ZGNkODY4NmUyNmY.-3b5\">Inorganic chemistry is the study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.\u00a0 Inorganic chemicals are commonly found in rocks and minerals.\u00a0 One current important area of inorganic chemistry deals with the design and properties of materials involved in energy and information technology.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-NjAwNjFmYWZhZTQ3OTJiZjA2YmQ2NzE4NmJjY2U2ZWI.-hwg_2-s7t\">Analytical Chemistry<\/h2>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2ZkY2ZjOWYwMzNmZTAzYzM3N2YyMWVjOGI0MDQxYjA.-brz\">Analytical chemistry is the study of the composition of matter. It focuses on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.\u00a0 An analytical chemist may use complex instruments to analyze an unknown material in order to determine its various components.<\/p>\n<div id=\"x-ck12-ZWFkODZmMzE3ZTAwMzRiOGY1OGE4YjMxNDllYmVmOGM.-mac\" class=\"x-ck12-img-postcard x-ck12-nofloat\">\n<div style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM1ODQ1MzQ0OS00My04NC1DLUludENoLTAxLTAxLTAzLUFBUw..\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210515\/20140811154947649405.jpeg\" alt=\"Measuring trace metals using atomic absorption spectroscopy\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" longdesc=\"Measurement%20of%20trace%20metals%20using%20atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy.\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1.\u00a0Measurement of trace metals using atomic absorption spectroscopy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"x-ck12-MDUzZDc5OWNmMjgwMTEyMzM3MzBhODYzODYwNGI2ZWM.-pty_2-ejo\">Biochemistry<\/h2>\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MjkyNmJkYmMxYzU2ZTI1OGIwNDIxZWFlNGY5N2RmMDY.-yxv\" class=\"x-ck12-img-postcard x-ck12-nofloat\">\n<div style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM1ODQ1MzUwNS0zOC03My1DLUludENoLTAxLTAxLTMtSG9ybW9uZS1NZWFzdXJlbWVudA..\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210517\/20140811154947785122.jpeg\" alt=\"Measuring hormone concentrations in a machine\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" longdesc=\"Measuring%20hormone%20concentrations.\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2.\u00a0Measuring hormone concentrations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur in living things.\u00a0 Research may cover basic cellular processes up to understanding disease states so better treatments can be developed.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-OGQwM2ZlYTJhMzc0YzM3OGJmMzQxNjA1YWUzYTVmN2Y.-ahc\">In practice, chemical research is often not limited to just one of the five major disciplines.\u00a0 A particular chemist may use biochemistry to isolate a particular chemical found in the human body such as hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying component of red blood cells.\u00a0 He or she may then proceed to analyze the hemoglobin using methods that would pertain to the areas of physical or analytical chemistry.\u00a0 Many chemists specialize in areas that are combinations of the main disciplines, such as bioinorganic chemistry or physical organic chemistry.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3><strong>Summary <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Five areas of chemistry are described:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTc2YzZkMGE5MzFmNjQwNGY1MzYyOTk5MzI3YTI2NDA.-qlm\">\n<li>physical chemistry<\/li>\n<li>organic chemistry<\/li>\n<li>inorganic chemistry<\/li>\n<li>analytical chemistry<\/li>\n<li>biochemistry<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-Y2JkYWVlMzMzY2U4MjdjZDZkNjJkOWFkYmMyNjYxZTk.-xlm\">\n<li>Do an internet search using one of the five chemistry areas as a search term.\u00a0 List two significant contributions made to chemistry by that area.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTMxOTQxNThkZDYzOWQwMDlkZjdkNDBjZDViMWY5ODI.-mwl\">Match the project with the proper chemistry discipline.<\/p>\n<table id=\"x-ck12-OGFlNzBjNjAzYzk4NTU3Nzg0ZmNmNWU3MWZkMjdjMzg.-h2i\" class=\"x-ck12-nofloat\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>a. measuring mercury in seawater<\/td>\n<td>1. biochemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>b. studying enzymes in cells<\/td>\n<td>2. organic chemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>c. measuring the electrical properties of solutions<\/td>\n<td>3. inorganic chemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>d. synthesizing new carbon compounds<\/td>\n<td>4. physical chemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>e. making new compounds for energy processes<\/td>\n<td>5. analytical chemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Glossary<\/h2>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-NTdhZjkxNjY1ZTdiYmE3ZWI1ZGQ0NWIyZWM1ODViMzU.-h36\">\n<li><strong> physical chemistry:\u00a0 <\/strong> The study of the both the macroscopic and the atomic properties and phenomena in chemical systems.<\/li>\n<li><strong> organic chemistry:\u00a0 <\/strong> The study of carbon-containing chemicals. \u00a0Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth and is capable of forming a tremendously vast number of chemicals (over twenty million so far).<\/li>\n<li><strong> inorganic chemistry: <\/strong> The study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.<\/li>\n<li><strong> analytical chemistry: <\/strong> The study of the composition of matter, focusing on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.<\/li>\n<li><strong> biochemistry: <\/strong> The study of chemical processes that occur in living things.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q836080\">Show References<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q836080\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>George Martin. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Guitars_at_Smithonian_Museum.jpg\">Guitars at the Smithsonian <\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Courtesy of Bill Shrout, Environmental Protection Agency.<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:EPA_GULF_BREEZE_LABORATORY,_THE_MICROBIOLOGY_LAB._AN_ATOMIC_ABSORPTION_SYSTEM,_WHICH_MEASURES_MINUTE_QUANTITIES,_IS..._-_NARA_-_546269.tif\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:EPA_GULF_BREEZE_LABORATORY,_THE_MICROBIOLOGY_LAB._AN_ATOMIC_ABSORPTION_SYSTEM,_WHICH_MEASURES_MINUTE_QUANTITIES,_IS&#8230;_-_NARA_-_546269.tif <\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Courtesy of Fred W. Baker III, U.S. Department of Defense .<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Defense.gov_photo_essay_090506-D-1852B-019.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Defense.gov_photo_essay_090506-D-1852B-019.jpg <\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2473\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry Concepts Intermediate. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Calbreath, Baxter, et al.. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: CK12.org. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/\">http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry Concepts Intermediate\",\"author\":\"Calbreath, Baxter, et al.\",\"organization\":\"CK12.org\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2473","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2323,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3571,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2473\/revisions\/3571"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2323"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2473\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2473"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2473"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}