{"id":2528,"date":"2016-08-23T15:52:08","date_gmt":"2016-08-23T15:52:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2528"},"modified":"2016-08-28T07:28:43","modified_gmt":"2016-08-28T07:28:43","slug":"chemical-change","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/chapter\/chemical-change\/","title":{"raw":"Chemical Change","rendered":"Chemical Change"},"content":{"raw":"<h1 id=\"x-ck12-TWF0dGVyIGFuZCBDaGFuZ2U.-chapter\"><\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Define chemical change.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Give examples of chemical changes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Do you like to cook?<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZmRmZGYyZjNiOWI4NWMyMDQ3ZThmNDA5Y2NhOWQyNmI.-9nt\"><span class=\"x-ck12-img-inline\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210643\/20140811155008341655.jpeg\" alt=\"Cooking food involves chemical changes\" width=\"450\" \/><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-M2E4Njc2YjBiY2QxMmZhZWUyZDFiYzJjYWEyYWM0NWM.-hxq_10-mlg\">Do you like to cook?<\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-YjJiNmQwNzU3ZTUyNDFkMTIxMjk1NTIyMWQ5OTdjNGY.-hkn\">Cooking is a valuable skill that everyone should have. Whether it is fixing a simple grilled cheese sandwich or preparing an elaborate meal, cooking demonstrates some basic ideas in chemistry. When you bake bread, you mix some flour, sugar, yeast, and water together. After baking, this mixture has been changed to form bread, another substance that has different characteristics and qualities from the original materials. The process of baking has produced chemical changes in the ingredients that result in bread being made.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3>Chemical Change<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MWE2YTFhODZiMDM3YzJmNzU4ZmYwMGEzZmM0MjgyYTQ.-fyi\">Most of the elements we know about do not exist freely in nature. Sodium cannot be found by itself (unless we prepare it in the laboratory) because it interacts easily with other materials. On the other hand, the element helium does not interact with other elements to any extent. We can isolate helium from natural gas during the process of drilling for oil.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZDE1M2M0YWRkOGFkZTQ0ZjAxNTk3OTkzNjdmY2MyODM.-eds\">A chemical change produces a different materials than the ones we started with. One aspect of the science of chemistry is the study of the changes that matter undergoes. If all we had were the elements and they did nothing, life would be very boring (in fact, life would not exist since the elements are what make up our bodies and sustain us). But the processes of change that take place when different chemicals are combined produce all the materials that we use daily.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2MwZDVlYzc2YjcwOGFlNjkwMTJmM2I3OTIwZDEyN2M.-ar4\">One type of chemical change (already mentioned) is when two elements combine to form a compound. Another type involves the breakdown of a compound to produce the elements that make it up. If we pass an electric current through bauxite (aluminum oxide, the raw material for aluminum metal), we get metallic aluminum as a product.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MWIyN2JjMzkzMzczN2U2MTMzZGZhYzZlNTk4ZjgwYTk.-nec\" class=\"x-ck12-img-thumbnail x-ck12-nofloat\">\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-xjn\"><img id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM2MzE3MzEyMS03OS01Mi0y\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210645\/20140811155008650343.jpeg\" alt=\"Electrolytic production of aluminum\" longdesc=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-admin\/Electrolytic%20production%20of%20aluminum.\" \/><\/p>\r\n<strong>Figure 2.16<\/strong>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-OGUzNzYzOTRlYWQ2YjFmOWJlYTg1YWM5OWM3N2JkY2I.-8ej\">Electrolytic production of aluminum.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Yzk4ZWQ5OWZmOTYwYzUyMTk2YmY0MzgzY2ZlMTI3NTk.-owb\">However, the vast majority of chemical changes involve one compound being transformed into another compound.\u00a0 There are literally millions of possibilities when we take this approach to chemical change. New compounds can be made to produce better fabrics that are easier to clean and maintain; they can help preserve food so it doesn\u2019t spoil as quickly; and, we can make new medicines to treat diseases \u2013 all made possible by studying chemical change.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-ZWRhMDU3MGIzZjEyZTkxZGZjMTk5ZTY0MWY0MjZjYTU.-ewp\">\r\n \t<li>A chemical change produces a different materials than the ones we started with.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-kqh\" dir=\"ltr\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2JlMjQ5M2YzMTNmNmRjMzNmZTI0MTMzYzcwM2IzZmY.-2ar\">Use the link below to answer the following questions:<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MzQ1MDM0Njc0NDRiOWIzY2IzNmY1YzFjYzg2Y2IwMzA.-prl\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chemistry.about.com\/od\/lecturenotesl3\/a\/chemphyschanges.htm\">http:\/\/chemistry.about.com\/od\/lecturenotesl3\/a\/chemphyschanges.htm<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-YmY2YTI2ZjZkY2YxZTI2YmQ2YjlhM2ZiNjYxM2RhMDA.-aex\">\r\n \t<li>Where do chemical changes take place?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What does a chemical change produce?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What are physical changes concerned with?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-2lt\" dir=\"ltr\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NGUyOTE3ZGFlYjMyNjRiZTIzMWU1YWFhZDJkMTQ1OWM.-3en\">\r\n \t<li>What is a chemical change?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>List three types of chemical changes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2>Glossary<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\"><strong>chemical change: <\/strong>A change that produces matter with a different composition.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"836080\"]Show References[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"836080\"]\r\n<h2>References<\/h2>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Jon Sullivan. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marinated_grill_swordfish.jpeg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marinated_grill_swordfish.jpeg <\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ronny Jacques. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Alcan_Arvida_1943.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Alcan_Arvida_1943.jpg <\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]","rendered":"<h1 id=\"x-ck12-TWF0dGVyIGFuZCBDaGFuZ2U.-chapter\"><\/h1>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Define chemical change.<\/li>\n<li>Give examples of chemical changes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Do you like to cook?<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZmRmZGYyZjNiOWI4NWMyMDQ3ZThmNDA5Y2NhOWQyNmI.-9nt\"><span class=\"x-ck12-img-inline\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210643\/20140811155008341655.jpeg\" alt=\"Cooking food involves chemical changes\" width=\"450\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-M2E4Njc2YjBiY2QxMmZhZWUyZDFiYzJjYWEyYWM0NWM.-hxq_10-mlg\">Do you like to cook?<\/h4>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-YjJiNmQwNzU3ZTUyNDFkMTIxMjk1NTIyMWQ5OTdjNGY.-hkn\">Cooking is a valuable skill that everyone should have. Whether it is fixing a simple grilled cheese sandwich or preparing an elaborate meal, cooking demonstrates some basic ideas in chemistry. When you bake bread, you mix some flour, sugar, yeast, and water together. After baking, this mixture has been changed to form bread, another substance that has different characteristics and qualities from the original materials. The process of baking has produced chemical changes in the ingredients that result in bread being made.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Chemical Change<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MWE2YTFhODZiMDM3YzJmNzU4ZmYwMGEzZmM0MjgyYTQ.-fyi\">Most of the elements we know about do not exist freely in nature. Sodium cannot be found by itself (unless we prepare it in the laboratory) because it interacts easily with other materials. On the other hand, the element helium does not interact with other elements to any extent. We can isolate helium from natural gas during the process of drilling for oil.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZDE1M2M0YWRkOGFkZTQ0ZjAxNTk3OTkzNjdmY2MyODM.-eds\">A chemical change produces a different materials than the ones we started with. One aspect of the science of chemistry is the study of the changes that matter undergoes. If all we had were the elements and they did nothing, life would be very boring (in fact, life would not exist since the elements are what make up our bodies and sustain us). But the processes of change that take place when different chemicals are combined produce all the materials that we use daily.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2MwZDVlYzc2YjcwOGFlNjkwMTJmM2I3OTIwZDEyN2M.-ar4\">One type of chemical change (already mentioned) is when two elements combine to form a compound. Another type involves the breakdown of a compound to produce the elements that make it up. If we pass an electric current through bauxite (aluminum oxide, the raw material for aluminum metal), we get metallic aluminum as a product.<\/p>\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MWIyN2JjMzkzMzczN2U2MTMzZGZhYzZlNTk4ZjgwYTk.-nec\" class=\"x-ck12-img-thumbnail x-ck12-nofloat\">\n<p id=\"x-ck12-xjn\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM2MzE3MzEyMS03OS01Mi0y\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19210645\/20140811155008650343.jpeg\" alt=\"Electrolytic production of aluminum\" longdesc=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-admin\/Electrolytic%20production%20of%20aluminum.\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Figure 2.16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-OGUzNzYzOTRlYWQ2YjFmOWJlYTg1YWM5OWM3N2JkY2I.-8ej\">Electrolytic production of aluminum.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Yzk4ZWQ5OWZmOTYwYzUyMTk2YmY0MzgzY2ZlMTI3NTk.-owb\">However, the vast majority of chemical changes involve one compound being transformed into another compound.\u00a0 There are literally millions of possibilities when we take this approach to chemical change. New compounds can be made to produce better fabrics that are easier to clean and maintain; they can help preserve food so it doesn\u2019t spoil as quickly; and, we can make new medicines to treat diseases \u2013 all made possible by studying chemical change.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-ZWRhMDU3MGIzZjEyZTkxZGZjMTk5ZTY0MWY0MjZjYTU.-ewp\">\n<li>A chemical change produces a different materials than the ones we started with.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-kqh\" dir=\"ltr\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2JlMjQ5M2YzMTNmNmRjMzNmZTI0MTMzYzcwM2IzZmY.-2ar\">Use the link below to answer the following questions:<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MzQ1MDM0Njc0NDRiOWIzY2IzNmY1YzFjYzg2Y2IwMzA.-prl\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chemistry.about.com\/od\/lecturenotesl3\/a\/chemphyschanges.htm\">http:\/\/chemistry.about.com\/od\/lecturenotesl3\/a\/chemphyschanges.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-YmY2YTI2ZjZkY2YxZTI2YmQ2YjlhM2ZiNjYxM2RhMDA.-aex\">\n<li>Where do chemical changes take place?<\/li>\n<li>What does a chemical change produce?<\/li>\n<li>What are physical changes concerned with?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-2lt\" dir=\"ltr\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NGUyOTE3ZGFlYjMyNjRiZTIzMWU1YWFhZDJkMTQ1OWM.-3en\">\n<li>What is a chemical change?<\/li>\n<li>List three types of chemical changes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Glossary<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\"><strong>chemical change: <\/strong>A change that produces matter with a different composition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q836080\">Show References<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q836080\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Jon Sullivan. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marinated_grill_swordfish.jpeg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marinated_grill_swordfish.jpeg <\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Ronny Jacques. <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Alcan_Arvida_1943.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Alcan_Arvida_1943.jpg <\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1507,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2528","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2324,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1507"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3485,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2528\/revisions\/3485"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2324"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2528\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2528"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2528"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}