{"id":2676,"date":"2016-08-24T15:40:23","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T15:40:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2676"},"modified":"2016-09-16T02:58:58","modified_gmt":"2016-09-16T02:58:58","slug":"energy-in-food-and-nutrition","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/chapter\/energy-in-food-and-nutrition\/","title":{"raw":"Energy in Food and Nutrition","rendered":"Energy in Food and Nutrition"},"content":{"raw":"<h1 id=\"x-ck12-VGhlcm1vY2hlbWlzdHJ5-chapter\">Thermochemistry<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-Q2hlbWljYWwgUG90ZW50aWFsIEVuZXJneQ..\">Energy in Food and Nutrition<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-Y2VkMGMzMWQzMDAyODg5YjY4YmZhZDJjMzc4ZTJiMTI.-2d7\">\r\n \t<li>Determine the energy value in food (in kilojoules (kJ) or kilocalories (kcal or Cal)\u00a0.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Examples<\/h3>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/515\/2016\/08\/23164750\/16-Crunchy.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2564\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/515\/2016\/08\/23164750\/16-Crunchy.jpg\" alt=\"16-Crunchy\" width=\"392\" height=\"392\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NDU4Yjk1ZDEyYzU3ODE2NDlhMjA0MmUxNDVhM2ZiNTY.-tl5\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>How much energy does a snack food contain?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGZjYzdkNDg0YWRhYzFjYzcxNDA1Yjk3N2RiZTM1ZWI.-1hd\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Food that we eat gives us energy to go through our day. \u00a0It gives us energy by providing energy to the cells inside our body. \u00a0Carbohydrates in food are used first. \u00a0When they are all used up, the body then uses fats, and then proteins as energy sources. \u00a0So carbohydrates, fats and proteins provide energy to our bodies through the foods that we eat.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">The energy in the food that we it is measured in units of kilocalories or Calories. \u00a0The <strong>Calorie<\/strong> (Cal, with an uppercase C) used to measure the nutrition in food is actually 1000 calories (cal) (with a lowercase c) or 1 kilocalorie (kcal). \u00a0While the Calorie unit is used widely in the U.S., the kilojoule (kJ) is in widespread use internationally. \u00a0The conversion factors for calories, kilocalories, joules, kilojoules, and Calories are as follows:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Energy Values used in Nutrition<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">1000cal = 1 kcal = 1 Cal<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">4184 J = 4.184 kJ = 1 Cal<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Nutrition labels are currently a requirement on most packaged foods sold in the United States and internationally. \u00a0The nutrition facts (as they are also called) usually include how many calories are in the food, how much carbohydrates, fat and proteins are present as well as the Calories per gram of each type of energy source. \u00a0In order to determine the energy in the food, the food is burned in a calorimeter (described in more detail in the following section) in the laboratory to obtain the energy value in units of kJ\/g or kcal\/g, typically. \u00a0A food sample is put into a steel container containing oxygen and in the surrounding chamber, a measured amount of water. \u00a0The energy value is determined based on the mass of the food and water and the increase in temperature.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<h3>Sample Problem: Calculating Specific Heat<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZjJkZTZhOTY5ZDYyNmM1MTk2MWQxYjk4YjRhMGNhM2I.-zoi\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Use the information in <a href=\"https:\/\/sunridgefarms.com\/_images\/uploads\/image_nutrition_label\/868252.bmp\" target=\"_blank\">this nutrition facts label<\/a> to determine the amount of Calories (Cal = kcal) and kilojoules (kJ) from fat, carbohydrates and protein in the snack mix.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2VlNGQ1OTZkZWQ3ZDY1MzMyNmI1ODhhNWUzY2Q3NmU.-loc\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem <\/em>.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MmY1NjUwZTQ4NGZhMTk1OTQ5YWM2YzhkMTFkY2E0ZmQ.-6gr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><span class=\"x-ck12-underline\">Known<\/span><\/p>\r\nEnergy per gram\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTNiY2M1ZDQ3ZTg1MWI3NGIzZjdjMmMwZDU2ZDRkNmY.-wgy\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n \t<li>Fat = 9 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Carbohydrate = 4 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Protein = 4 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nGrams\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTNiY2M1ZDQ3ZTg1MWI3NGIzZjdjMmMwZDU2ZDRkNmY.-wgy\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n \t<li>Fat = 11 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Carbohydrate = 12 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Protein = 5 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NzM1NTA3MDgxYTE1NWNiOGQ4ODBhMjMwMTkyMGVmYzU.-tn8\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">The amount of grams of each energy source (fat, carbohydrate, and protein) and the amount of energy per gram of each energy source is given on the label. \u00a0Multiply the grams by the Energy per gram to obtain the Energy. \u00a0Note: The Energy per gram is the conversion factor. \u00a0It should be multiplied in such a way that the energy is on top and the grams are on bottom because you want your final answer to be\u00a0energy in Cal or kcal or kJ.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZmYxNjkxNzA3ODcxNDhkYjhmZGUyOTFlNDk1NmEzZjE.-fyj\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 2: Solve <\/em>.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\u00a0<strong>Energy from Fat:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n11 g x 9 kcal\/g = 99 kcal = 99 Cal\r\n\r\nConvert to kJ\r\n\r\n99 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 414.216 kJ= 414kJ\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>Energy from Carbohydrate:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">12 g x 4 kcal\/g = 48 kcal = 48 Cal<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Convert to kJ<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">48 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 200.832 kJ = 201 kJ<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>Energy from Protein:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">5 g x 4 kcal\/g = 20 kcal = 20 Cal<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Convert to kJ<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">20 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 83.68 kJ = 84 kJ<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGZhMzc5YjY2OWU0YzY0ZWM4YjYzZWNhYzc4OTQ3ZDA.-xsr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 3: Think about your result <\/em>.<\/p>\r\nFor the snack food in this example, most of the energy is coming from fat first, then from carbohydrates and finally from protein when these three sources of energy are considered.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\r\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-MjkwNjEyMTk5ODYxYzMxZDEwMzZiMTg1YjRlNjliNzU.-rqq_4-9a8\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Summary<\/h4>\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-NmFlNzkzYWE4ZWRjNjIxNWNhN2NlMWM2NDc2Mjg4YWM.-re0\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n \t<li>An example of how to calculate the energy in the food that we consume, based on food nutrition labels, has been illustrated..<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\r\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-ZWQ0ODAyMTk2ZTNkYzVhYzNmNTVkZjAyZDNjNDliMWI.-1ea_4-w9s\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Practice<\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-8k3\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">For more practice, find nutrition labels on the foods you consume at home or online and determine the amount of energy from fat, protein and carbohydrates in each.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2I3OTJkODk3YzViZTZkZDAyMDkwYjg3MTgzZWUxNmM.-z5x\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Review<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-dyb\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NmYzMTA4MmRhMzdmNjFhMGM3NzM1NTZiZmQ3MjllYTY.-vs0\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n \t<li>Is there energy in the food that we eat?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Which of the 3 energy sources mentioned is the primary fuel for the body?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How is the calorie different from the Calorie (also known as the kilocalorie)?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZTMwZjFjZjExNWViMGJhMjU4YjNmZTFkZGVmZjRkYjM.-qxq\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\r\n<strong>Calorie: <\/strong>The a unit of energy used to measure the energy in nutrition\/food and 1 Calorie is equal to 1000 kilocalories.<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-RW50aGFscHk.\"><\/h1>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"836080\"]Show References[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"836080\"]\r\n<h2>References<\/h2>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Alan's Kitchen.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alanskitchen.com\/APPETIZERS\/Crunchy-Snacks\/01-25\/16-Super-Football-Party-Snack.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.alanskitchen.com\/APPETIZERS\/Crunchy-Snacks\/01-25\/16-Super-Football-Party-Snack.htm<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]","rendered":"<h1 id=\"x-ck12-VGhlcm1vY2hlbWlzdHJ5-chapter\">Thermochemistry<\/h1>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-Q2hlbWljYWwgUG90ZW50aWFsIEVuZXJneQ..\">Energy in Food and Nutrition<\/h1>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-Y2VkMGMzMWQzMDAyODg5YjY4YmZhZDJjMzc4ZTJiMTI.-2d7\">\n<li>Determine the energy value in food (in kilojoules (kJ) or kilocalories (kcal or Cal)\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Examples<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/515\/2016\/08\/23164750\/16-Crunchy.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2564\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/515\/2016\/08\/23164750\/16-Crunchy.jpg\" alt=\"16-Crunchy\" width=\"392\" height=\"392\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NDU4Yjk1ZDEyYzU3ODE2NDlhMjA0MmUxNDVhM2ZiNTY.-tl5\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>How much energy does a snack food contain?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGZjYzdkNDg0YWRhYzFjYzcxNDA1Yjk3N2RiZTM1ZWI.-1hd\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Food that we eat gives us energy to go through our day. \u00a0It gives us energy by providing energy to the cells inside our body. \u00a0Carbohydrates in food are used first. \u00a0When they are all used up, the body then uses fats, and then proteins as energy sources. \u00a0So carbohydrates, fats and proteins provide energy to our bodies through the foods that we eat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">The energy in the food that we it is measured in units of kilocalories or Calories. \u00a0The <strong>Calorie<\/strong> (Cal, with an uppercase C) used to measure the nutrition in food is actually 1000 calories (cal) (with a lowercase c) or 1 kilocalorie (kcal). \u00a0While the Calorie unit is used widely in the U.S., the kilojoule (kJ) is in widespread use internationally. \u00a0The conversion factors for calories, kilocalories, joules, kilojoules, and Calories are as follows:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Energy Values used in Nutrition<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">1000cal = 1 kcal = 1 Cal<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">4184 J = 4.184 kJ = 1 Cal<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Nutrition labels are currently a requirement on most packaged foods sold in the United States and internationally. \u00a0The nutrition facts (as they are also called) usually include how many calories are in the food, how much carbohydrates, fat and proteins are present as well as the Calories per gram of each type of energy source. \u00a0In order to determine the energy in the food, the food is burned in a calorimeter (described in more detail in the following section) in the laboratory to obtain the energy value in units of kJ\/g or kcal\/g, typically. \u00a0A food sample is put into a steel container containing oxygen and in the surrounding chamber, a measured amount of water. \u00a0The energy value is determined based on the mass of the food and water and the increase in temperature.<\/p>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<h3>Sample Problem: Calculating Specific Heat<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZjJkZTZhOTY5ZDYyNmM1MTk2MWQxYjk4YjRhMGNhM2I.-zoi\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Use the information in <a href=\"https:\/\/sunridgefarms.com\/_images\/uploads\/image_nutrition_label\/868252.bmp\" target=\"_blank\">this nutrition facts label<\/a> to determine the amount of Calories (Cal = kcal) and kilojoules (kJ) from fat, carbohydrates and protein in the snack mix.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2VlNGQ1OTZkZWQ3ZDY1MzMyNmI1ODhhNWUzY2Q3NmU.-loc\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem <\/em>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MmY1NjUwZTQ4NGZhMTk1OTQ5YWM2YzhkMTFkY2E0ZmQ.-6gr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><span class=\"x-ck12-underline\">Known<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Energy per gram<\/p>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTNiY2M1ZDQ3ZTg1MWI3NGIzZjdjMmMwZDU2ZDRkNmY.-wgy\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<li>Fat = 9 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\n<li>Carbohydrate = 4 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\n<li>Protein = 4 kcal\/g (Cal\/g)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Grams<\/p>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OTNiY2M1ZDQ3ZTg1MWI3NGIzZjdjMmMwZDU2ZDRkNmY.-wgy\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<li>Fat = 11 g<\/li>\n<li>Carbohydrate = 12 g<\/li>\n<li>Protein = 5 g<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NzM1NTA3MDgxYTE1NWNiOGQ4ODBhMjMwMTkyMGVmYzU.-tn8\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">The amount of grams of each energy source (fat, carbohydrate, and protein) and the amount of energy per gram of each energy source is given on the label. \u00a0Multiply the grams by the Energy per gram to obtain the Energy. \u00a0Note: The Energy per gram is the conversion factor. \u00a0It should be multiplied in such a way that the energy is on top and the grams are on bottom because you want your final answer to be\u00a0energy in Cal or kcal or kJ.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-ZmYxNjkxNzA3ODcxNDhkYjhmZGUyOTFlNDk1NmEzZjE.-fyj\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 2: Solve <\/em>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\u00a0<strong>Energy from Fat:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>11 g x 9 kcal\/g = 99 kcal = 99 Cal<\/p>\n<p>Convert to kJ<\/p>\n<p>99 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 414.216 kJ= 414kJ<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>Energy from Carbohydrate:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">12 g x 4 kcal\/g = 48 kcal = 48 Cal<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Convert to kJ<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">48 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 200.832 kJ = 201 kJ<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-pz3\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><strong>Energy from Protein:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">5 g x 4 kcal\/g = 20 kcal = 20 Cal<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Convert to kJ<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.5\">20 Cal x 4.184kJ\/Cal = 83.68 kJ = 84 kJ<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGZhMzc5YjY2OWU0YzY0ZWM4YjYzZWNhYzc4OTQ3ZDA.-xsr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Step 3: Think about your result <\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>For the snack food in this example, most of the energy is coming from fat first, then from carbohydrates and finally from protein when these three sources of energy are considered.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-MjkwNjEyMTk5ODYxYzMxZDEwMzZiMTg1YjRlNjliNzU.-rqq_4-9a8\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Summary<\/h4>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-NmFlNzkzYWE4ZWRjNjIxNWNhN2NlMWM2NDc2Mjg4YWM.-re0\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<li>An example of how to calculate the energy in the food that we consume, based on food nutrition labels, has been illustrated..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"x-ck12-ZWQ0ODAyMTk2ZTNkYzVhYzNmNTVkZjAyZDNjNDliMWI.-1ea_4-w9s\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Practice<\/h4>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-8k3\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">For more practice, find nutrition labels on the foods you consume at home or online and determine the amount of energy from fat, protein and carbohydrates in each.<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-M2I3OTJkODk3YzViZTZkZDAyMDkwYjg3MTgzZWUxNmM.-z5x\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Review<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NmNlM2JkYzM5ZTU0NDcyNTAzOGUwZTg3Yjc3MWRiMWU.-dyb\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><em>Questions<\/em><\/p>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NmYzMTA4MmRhMzdmNjFhMGM3NzM1NTZiZmQ3MjllYTY.-vs0\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<li>Is there energy in the food that we eat?<\/li>\n<li>Which of the 3 energy sources mentioned is the primary fuel for the body?<\/li>\n<li>How is the calorie different from the Calorie (also known as the kilocalorie)?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\" style=\"line-height: 1.5\">\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZTMwZjFjZjExNWViMGJhMjU4YjNmZTFkZGVmZjRkYjM.-qxq\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Calorie: <\/strong>The a unit of energy used to measure the energy in nutrition\/food and 1 Calorie is equal to 1000 kilocalories.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-RW50aGFscHk.\"><\/h1>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q836080\">Show References<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q836080\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Alan&#8217;s Kitchen.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alanskitchen.com\/APPETIZERS\/Crunchy-Snacks\/01-25\/16-Super-Football-Party-Snack.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.alanskitchen.com\/APPETIZERS\/Crunchy-Snacks\/01-25\/16-Super-Football-Party-Snack.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1507,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2676","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2338,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1507"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3552,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2676\/revisions\/3552"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2338"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2676\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2676"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2676"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}