{"id":2732,"date":"2016-08-24T17:28:59","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T17:28:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2732"},"modified":"2016-08-24T19:34:26","modified_gmt":"2016-08-24T19:34:26","slug":"suspensions","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/chapter\/suspensions\/","title":{"raw":"Suspensions","rendered":"Suspensions"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\">\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZjAzZWIwZGYzODdkMDg3NTU3MzM1MWNiMWM2ZTQ5MWU.-ivp\">\r\n \t<li>Define suspension.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe the properties and behavior of some typical suspensions.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Why is the sea clear on some days, but not on others?<\/h3>\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"400\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212348\/20140811155541144620.jpeg\" alt=\"The sea is cloudy during a storm because a suspension of sand is created\" width=\"400\" height=\"326\" \/> Waves at Cable Beach, courtesy of the <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:US_Navy_050708-N-2903M-002_Waves_crash_against_a_30-foot_cliff_at_Cable_Beach_located_on_the_southern_coastline_of_Naval_Station_Guantanamo_Bay,_Cuba.jpg\">U.S. Navy<\/a>.[\/caption]\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-YjM4NzIxMDVkOGQ3N2Q5ZGM2OTQ1NDg4NGYwMTM1MDI.-q1l\">On a calm day, the Caribbean Sea is clear and smooth.\u00a0 You can see deep into the water, deep enough to see fish and underwater plant life without obstruction.\u00a0 The situation changes markedly when a storm blows up.\u00a0 The sand on the bottom of the sea is stirred up, the water becomes turbid, and you can\u2019t see anything below the surface.\u00a0 The sand forms a suspension in the water that slowly clears up again after the storm blows over.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Suspensions<\/h2>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTYzYjY4ODE3YmM5NTM0YjczNzQ0MTg2YmZmZDUzMjc.-ymh\">Take a glass of water and throw in a handful of sand or dirt.\u00a0 Stir it and stir it and stir it. The water may become <strong> turbid <\/strong> , or unclear. \u00a0Have you made a solution?\u00a0 Sand and dirt do not dissolve in water and though it may look homogeneous for a few moments, the sand or dirt gradually sinks to the bottom of the glass.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MTdiNTgzZjM0NmE4ODJhNGU1OTdlMzI1YjBiNjY0Mjc.-dkj\" class=\"x-ck12-img-thumbnail x-ck12-nofloat\">\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"192\"]<img id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM2MTk1MjQ3Ny0zNi01NS1DLUludENoLTA0LTAzLTEwLVNlZGltZW50\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212350\/20140811155541235989.jpeg\" alt=\"A suspension is a mixture where some of the components settle out upon sitting\" width=\"192\" height=\"144\" longdesc=\"A%20suspension%20of%20dirt%20in%20water.\" \/> Figure 1. A suspension of dirt in water. Image from the CK-12 Foundation - Joy Sheng[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Mzg3YmMzN2FmZTU3ZWM4MDlmMTRiM2NhY2E3YzYwODU.-8nm\">A <strong> suspension <\/strong> is a heterogeneous mixture in which some of the particles settle out of the mixture upon standing.\u00a0 The particles in a suspension are far larger than those of a solution and thus gravity is able to pull them down out of the <strong> dispersion <\/strong> <strong> medium <\/strong> (water).\u00a0 The typical diameter for the dispersed particles (the sand) of a suspension is about 1000 times greater than those of a solution (less than approximately two nanometers for particles in solution, compared to greater than 1000 nanometers for particles in suspension).\u00a0 Unlike in a solution, the dispersed particles can be separated from the dispersion medium by filtering.\u00a0 Suspensions are heterogeneous because at least two different substances in the mixture can be identified.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2>Some Typical Aqueous Suspensions<\/h2>\r\n<h3 id=\"x-ck12-MWJkNTkxOTAxYzI1MDM5MTdkYzMzYzc3ZDNkZmMzODI.-enl\">Milk<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NDhkYzA1YWY0NGVjYTYyMTY3MzY4NDY5MWNjZjA3YTI.-hqr\">Milk is a complex mixture of water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals.\u00a0 While the minerals and carbohydrates are water-soluble, the fats and some of the proteins do not dissolve but are held in suspension.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3 id=\"x-ck12-NjI3ZTgwMzViNmYwYzNjNDkxYmU3YjIzYTIxYzYzZDU.-0h9\">Paint<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGQ4YzY3NWIwOTg2YjBmYWE2YWNlZmQ4YWRmODc1NTM.-xhb\">Paint can either be water-based or use an organic solvent.\u00a0 For our discussion, we will limit ourselves to water-based paints.\u00a0 The materials will contain binders (organic polymers that help hold the paint to the surface of the material being painted).\u00a0 In addition, pigments are included to provide the desired color.\u00a0 Both the binders and the pigments are not water-soluble, so the paint must be stirred every time it is used.\u00a0 Paint that is allowed to sit for a long period of time will slowly begin to separate as the suspension of binders and pigments settles out.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2>Summary<\/h2>\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZGE0YTRjZTFkYjU1N2U5ZjM0ZGY4MjVhY2U2YWQ5OTk.-2dl\">\r\n \t<li>Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Some of the material in a suspension will settle out on standing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Solid material in a suspension can be removed by filtration.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2JlMjQ5M2YzMTNmNmRjMzNmZTI0MTMzYzcwM2IzZmY.-zpy\">Use the link below to answer the following questions:<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NGU0NmQzNWM5ODU1MjA0N2Y5ZGQ4MTRjNGQ5NDMwMWQ.-8sg\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chemistrylearning.com\/colloidal-solution-true-solution-and-suspension\/\"> http:\/\/www.chemistrylearning.com\/colloidal-solution-true-solution-and-suspension\/ <\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-MmM2MTE2NzJkNGU4MmI1MDE4MTRhNDU3N2NlYjgwYTE.-wa6\">\r\n \t<li>How large are particles in solution?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How large are particles in suspension?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe the appearance of a solution.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe the appearance of a suspension.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\r\n<h4><\/h4>\r\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NTkyZWM1ODAxZWIwY2UzOWRhYmM0ZWY4NDRkZGU1YzA.-t5t\">\r\n \t<li>Is a suspension a heterogeneous or a homogeneous mixture?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How can the solid material in a suspension be separated from the liquid?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Which part of milk is in suspension?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2 class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\">Glossary<\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\r\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OGM3YjFlYWQzYTVlN2Y0Zjk5MDU3NWIwNzI4OTI1ZDE.-noy\">\r\n \t<li><strong> dispersion medium: <\/strong> \u00a0The material in which the particles are distributed.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> suspension:\u00a0 <\/strong> A heterogeneous mixture in which some of the particles settle out of the mixture upon standing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> turbid: <\/strong> Unclear, thick, or cloudy.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-Q29sbG9pZHM.\"><\/h1>\r\n<h2><\/h2>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-objectives\">\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZjAzZWIwZGYzODdkMDg3NTU3MzM1MWNiMWM2ZTQ5MWU.-ivp\">\n<li>Define suspension.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the properties and behavior of some typical suspensions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Why is the sea clear on some days, but not on others?<\/h3>\n<div style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212348\/20140811155541144620.jpeg\" alt=\"The sea is cloudy during a storm because a suspension of sand is created\" width=\"400\" height=\"326\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Waves at Cable Beach, courtesy of the <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:US_Navy_050708-N-2903M-002_Waves_crash_against_a_30-foot_cliff_at_Cable_Beach_located_on_the_southern_coastline_of_Naval_Station_Guantanamo_Bay,_Cuba.jpg\">U.S. Navy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-YjM4NzIxMDVkOGQ3N2Q5ZGM2OTQ1NDg4NGYwMTM1MDI.-q1l\">On a calm day, the Caribbean Sea is clear and smooth.\u00a0 You can see deep into the water, deep enough to see fish and underwater plant life without obstruction.\u00a0 The situation changes markedly when a storm blows up.\u00a0 The sand on the bottom of the sea is stirred up, the water becomes turbid, and you can\u2019t see anything below the surface.\u00a0 The sand forms a suspension in the water that slowly clears up again after the storm blows over.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Suspensions<\/h2>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NTYzYjY4ODE3YmM5NTM0YjczNzQ0MTg2YmZmZDUzMjc.-ymh\">Take a glass of water and throw in a handful of sand or dirt.\u00a0 Stir it and stir it and stir it. The water may become <strong> turbid <\/strong> , or unclear. \u00a0Have you made a solution?\u00a0 Sand and dirt do not dissolve in water and though it may look homogeneous for a few moments, the sand or dirt gradually sinks to the bottom of the glass.<\/p>\n<div id=\"x-ck12-MTdiNTgzZjM0NmE4ODJhNGU1OTdlMzI1YjBiNjY0Mjc.-dkj\" class=\"x-ck12-img-thumbnail x-ck12-nofloat\">\n<div style=\"width: 202px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"x-ck12-OTgwNDUtMTM2MTk1MjQ3Ny0zNi01NS1DLUludENoLTA0LTAzLTEwLVNlZGltZW50\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212350\/20140811155541235989.jpeg\" alt=\"A suspension is a mixture where some of the components settle out upon sitting\" width=\"192\" height=\"144\" longdesc=\"A%20suspension%20of%20dirt%20in%20water.\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. A suspension of dirt in water. Image from the CK-12 Foundation &#8211; Joy Sheng<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Mzg3YmMzN2FmZTU3ZWM4MDlmMTRiM2NhY2E3YzYwODU.-8nm\">A <strong> suspension <\/strong> is a heterogeneous mixture in which some of the particles settle out of the mixture upon standing.\u00a0 The particles in a suspension are far larger than those of a solution and thus gravity is able to pull them down out of the <strong> dispersion <\/strong> <strong> medium <\/strong> (water).\u00a0 The typical diameter for the dispersed particles (the sand) of a suspension is about 1000 times greater than those of a solution (less than approximately two nanometers for particles in solution, compared to greater than 1000 nanometers for particles in suspension).\u00a0 Unlike in a solution, the dispersed particles can be separated from the dispersion medium by filtering.\u00a0 Suspensions are heterogeneous because at least two different substances in the mixture can be identified.<\/p>\n<h2>Some Typical Aqueous Suspensions<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"x-ck12-MWJkNTkxOTAxYzI1MDM5MTdkYzMzYzc3ZDNkZmMzODI.-enl\">Milk<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NDhkYzA1YWY0NGVjYTYyMTY3MzY4NDY5MWNjZjA3YTI.-hqr\">Milk is a complex mixture of water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals.\u00a0 While the minerals and carbohydrates are water-soluble, the fats and some of the proteins do not dissolve but are held in suspension.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"x-ck12-NjI3ZTgwMzViNmYwYzNjNDkxYmU3YjIzYTIxYzYzZDU.-0h9\">Paint<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-MGQ4YzY3NWIwOTg2YjBmYWE2YWNlZmQ4YWRmODc1NTM.-xhb\">Paint can either be water-based or use an organic solvent.\u00a0 For our discussion, we will limit ourselves to water-based paints.\u00a0 The materials will contain binders (organic polymers that help hold the paint to the surface of the material being painted).\u00a0 In addition, pigments are included to provide the desired color.\u00a0 Both the binders and the pigments are not water-soluble, so the paint must be stirred every time it is used.\u00a0 Paint that is allowed to sit for a long period of time will slowly begin to separate as the suspension of binders and pigments settles out.<\/p>\n<h2>Summary<\/h2>\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-ZGE0YTRjZTFkYjU1N2U5ZjM0ZGY4MjVhY2U2YWQ5OTk.-2dl\">\n<li>Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures.<\/li>\n<li>Some of the material in a suspension will settle out on standing.<\/li>\n<li>Solid material in a suspension can be removed by filtration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-Y2JlMjQ5M2YzMTNmNmRjMzNmZTI0MTMzYzcwM2IzZmY.-zpy\">Use the link below to answer the following questions:<\/p>\n<p id=\"x-ck12-NGU0NmQzNWM5ODU1MjA0N2Y5ZGQ4MTRjNGQ5NDMwMWQ.-8sg\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chemistrylearning.com\/colloidal-solution-true-solution-and-suspension\/\"> http:\/\/www.chemistrylearning.com\/colloidal-solution-true-solution-and-suspension\/ <\/a><\/p>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-MmM2MTE2NzJkNGU4MmI1MDE4MTRhNDU3N2NlYjgwYTE.-wa6\">\n<li>How large are particles in solution?<\/li>\n<li>How large are particles in suspension?<\/li>\n<li>Describe the appearance of a solution.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the appearance of a suspension.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Exercises<\/h3>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<ol id=\"x-ck12-NTkyZWM1ODAxZWIwY2UzOWRhYmM0ZWY4NDRkZGU1YzA.-t5t\">\n<li>Is a suspension a heterogeneous or a homogeneous mixture?<\/li>\n<li>How can the solid material in a suspension be separated from the liquid?<\/li>\n<li>Which part of milk is in suspension?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"x-ck12-data-problem-set\">Glossary<\/h2>\n<div class=\"x-ck12-data-vocabulary\">\n<ul id=\"x-ck12-OGM3YjFlYWQzYTVlN2Y0Zjk5MDU3NWIwNzI4OTI1ZDE.-noy\">\n<li><strong> dispersion medium: <\/strong> \u00a0The material in which the particles are distributed.<\/li>\n<li><strong> suspension:\u00a0 <\/strong> A heterogeneous mixture in which some of the particles settle out of the mixture upon standing.<\/li>\n<li><strong> turbid: <\/strong> Unclear, thick, or cloudy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h1 id=\"x-ck12-Q29sbG9pZHM.\"><\/h1>\n<h2><\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2732\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry Concepts Intermediate. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Calbreath, Baxter, et al.. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: CK12.org. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/\">http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":10,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry Concepts Intermediate\",\"author\":\"Calbreath, Baxter, et 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