{"id":3231,"date":"2016-08-25T19:37:40","date_gmt":"2016-08-25T19:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=3231"},"modified":"2016-08-26T19:21:11","modified_gmt":"2016-08-26T19:21:11","slug":"reaction-mechanisms-and-the-elementary-step","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/chapter\/reaction-mechanisms-and-the-elementary-step\/","title":{"raw":"Reaction Mechanisms and the Elementary Step","rendered":"Reaction Mechanisms and the Elementary Step"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Define reaction mechanism.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Define elementary step.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\r\n<h3>Up in the air<\/h3>\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"328\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212904\/20140811155715540717.jpeg\" alt=\"Assembly lines are composed of many simple steps\" width=\"328\" height=\"259\" \/> Assembly line. Courtesy of the US Navy\/<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:MDD_T-45_assembly_line_c1988.jpeg\">Wikimedia<\/a>.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nWhat most people see of an airplane is the final product. They do not see the long, complex assembly line that begins with a few parts and gradually becomes the finished product. Assembly lines are intricate organizations that go through a series of complicated steps to bring hundreds (maybe thousands) of parts together into the completed aircraft.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Reaction Mechanisms and the Elementary Step<\/h2>\r\nChemical reactions rarely occur in one simple step. The overall balanced equation for a chemical reaction does not always tell us how a reaction actually proceeds. In many cases, the overall reaction takes place in a series of small steps. An <strong> elementary step <\/strong> (or elementary reaction) is one step in a series of simple reactions that show the progress of a reaction at the molecular level. A <strong> reaction mechanism <\/strong> is the sequence of elementary steps that together comprise an entire chemical reaction. As an analogy, consider the route that you might take while driving to the grocery store. That route may consist of several turns, similar to the elementary steps. The overall reaction specifies only the beginning point (your house) and the final destination (the store), with no information about the specifics in between.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The idea of a reaction mechanism is described.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nRead the material at the web site below and answer the following questions:\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Physical_Chemistry\/Kinetics\/Rate_Laws\/Reaction_Mechanisms\/Reaction_Mechanisms\"> http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Physical_Chemistry\/Kinetics\/Rate_Laws\/Reaction_Mechanisms\/Reaction_Mechanisms <\/a>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Will kinetics allow us always to determine the mechanism of a particular reaction?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What must a reaction mechanism tell us?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What is a unimolecular elementary process?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What is a bimolecular elementary process?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\r\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Do chemical reactions usually occur in a single step?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What does the overall balanced equation not tell us?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How do overall reactions usually proceed?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>\u00a0Glossary<\/h2>\r\n<div>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong> elementary step (or elementary reaction): <\/strong> One step in a series of simple reactions that show the progress of a reaction at the molecular level.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong> reaction mechanism: <\/strong> The sequence of elementary steps that together comprise an entire chemical reaction.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Define reaction mechanism.<\/li>\n<li>Define elementary step.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox examples\">\n<h3>Up in the air<\/h3>\n<div style=\"width: 338px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images-archive-read-only\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/53\/2014\/08\/19212904\/20140811155715540717.jpeg\" alt=\"Assembly lines are composed of many simple steps\" width=\"328\" height=\"259\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assembly line. Courtesy of the US Navy\/<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:MDD_T-45_assembly_line_c1988.jpeg\">Wikimedia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>What most people see of an airplane is the final product. They do not see the long, complex assembly line that begins with a few parts and gradually becomes the finished product. Assembly lines are intricate organizations that go through a series of complicated steps to bring hundreds (maybe thousands) of parts together into the completed aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Reaction Mechanisms and the Elementary Step<\/h2>\n<p>Chemical reactions rarely occur in one simple step. The overall balanced equation for a chemical reaction does not always tell us how a reaction actually proceeds. In many cases, the overall reaction takes place in a series of small steps. An <strong> elementary step <\/strong> (or elementary reaction) is one step in a series of simple reactions that show the progress of a reaction at the molecular level. A <strong> reaction mechanism <\/strong> is the sequence of elementary steps that together comprise an entire chemical reaction. As an analogy, consider the route that you might take while driving to the grocery store. That route may consist of several turns, similar to the elementary steps. The overall reaction specifies only the beginning point (your house) and the final destination (the store), with no information about the specifics in between.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The idea of a reaction mechanism is described.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>Read the material at the web site below and answer the following questions:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Physical_Chemistry\/Kinetics\/Rate_Laws\/Reaction_Mechanisms\/Reaction_Mechanisms\"> http:\/\/chemwiki.ucdavis.edu\/Physical_Chemistry\/Kinetics\/Rate_Laws\/Reaction_Mechanisms\/Reaction_Mechanisms <\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Will kinetics allow us always to determine the mechanism of a particular reaction?<\/li>\n<li>What must a reaction mechanism tell us?<\/li>\n<li>What is a unimolecular elementary process?<\/li>\n<li>What is a bimolecular elementary process?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Review<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Do chemical reactions usually occur in a single step?<\/li>\n<li>What does the overall balanced equation not tell us?<\/li>\n<li>How do overall reactions usually proceed?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u00a0Glossary<\/h2>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> elementary step (or elementary reaction): <\/strong> One step in a series of simple reactions that show the progress of a reaction at the molecular level.<\/li>\n<li><strong> reaction mechanism: <\/strong> The sequence of elementary steps that together comprise an entire chemical reaction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-3231\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Chemistry Concepts Intermediate. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Calbreath, Baxter, et al.. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: CK12.org. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/\">http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":11,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Chemistry Concepts Intermediate\",\"author\":\"Calbreath, Baxter, et al.\",\"organization\":\"CK12.org\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.ck12.org\/book\/CK-12-Chemistry-Concepts-Intermediate\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-3231","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":2339,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3437,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3231\/revisions\/3437"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/2339"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/3231\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=3231"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=3231"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-cheminter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=3231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}