{"id":961,"date":"2015-09-28T20:16:59","date_gmt":"2015-09-28T20:16:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.candelalearning.com\/spanish1oli\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=961"},"modified":"2015-10-15T19:56:57","modified_gmt":"2015-10-15T19:56:57","slug":"estructuras-gramaticales-adjetivos-y-pronombres-demostrativos","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-spanish\/chapter\/estructuras-gramaticales-adjetivos-y-pronombres-demostrativos\/","title":{"raw":"Adjetivos y pronombres demostrativos","rendered":"Adjetivos y pronombres demostrativos"},"content":{"raw":"&nbsp;\r\n<h2><b>Adjetivos demostrativos<\/b><\/h2>\r\nDemonstrative adjectives are used to point out people, places and objects: this wine, those tomatoes.\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th><\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"3\">singular<\/th>\r\n<th colspan=\"3\">plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>masculino<\/th>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> este pollo<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> ese pollo<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquel pollo<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> estos pollos<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esos pollos<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellos pollos<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>femenino<\/th>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esta bebida<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esa bebida<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquella bebida<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> estas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\r\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nOther examples:\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"this ice cream\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S197.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> este helado<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"that soup\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S198.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esa sopa<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"those eggs (over there)\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S199.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellos huevos<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThere is no <em>o<\/em> in the masculine, singular form.\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"foreign\">est<em>e<\/em><\/span> vs. <span class=\"foreign\">est<em>o<\/em>s<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">and<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"foreign\">es<em>e<\/em><\/span> vs. <span class=\"foreign\">es<em>o<\/em>s<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nDemonstrative adjectives precede the noun they modify and they also agree in number and gender with that noun.\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">este<\/span> are used to point out people or objects that are close to the speaker.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">ese<\/span> are used to point out people or objects that are not close to the speaker in space or time.<\/li>\r\n\t<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">aquel<\/span> are used to refer to people or objects that are even farther away.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img title=\"este, ese, aquel\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-spanish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2922\/2015\/09\/S1L12p055.jpg\" alt=\"illustration of woman shopping for fruit at market\" \/>\r\n\r\nQuisiera medio kilo de estas fresas, un kilo de esos pl\u00e1tanos y dos kilos de aquellas patatas.\r\n\r\n<b>Pronombres demostrativos<\/b>\r\n\r\nDemonstrative adjectives function as pronouns when the noun they modify is omitted.\r\n\r\nThey are used to express \"this one\" or \"that one\". To differentiate them from demonstrative adjectives, an accent mark is written on the stressed vowel of the pronoun.\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S201.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> No me gusta este tipo de queso, pero me encanta \u00e9ste.<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"dialog\"><audio src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S202.mp3\" controls=\"controls\"><\/audio>\r\n<table class=\"dialog\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"name\">Clarisa<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"material\">\u00bfLe doy un poco de esta salchicha?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"name\">Est\u00e9fani<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"material\">No, prefiero \u00e9sa.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S203.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> Esas manzanas son muy buenas, pero aqu\u00e9llas son a\u00fan m\u00e1s sabrosas.<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe neuter forms <span class=\"foreign\">esto<\/span>, <span class=\"foreign\">eso<\/span>, and <span class=\"foreign\">aquello<\/span> have no written accent mark and they are used to refer to as yet unspecified objects, or to a whole idea, concept or situation.\r\n<div class=\"dialog\">\r\n<table class=\"dialog\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"name\">Martha<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"material\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"What\u2019s this?\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S204.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> \u00bfQu\u00e9 es esto?<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"name\">Thal\u00eda<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"material\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"It\u2019s a crab.\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S205.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> Es un cangrejo.<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"He didn\u2019t say that.\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S206.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> No dijo eso.<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"That\u2019s horrendous!\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S207.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> \u00a1Aquello es horroroso!<\/a><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><\/h3>\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><b>Adjetivos demostrativos<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Demonstrative adjectives are used to point out people, places and objects: this wine, those tomatoes.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"3\">singular<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"3\">plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>masculino<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> este pollo<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> ese pollo<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S193c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquel pollo<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> estos pollos<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esos pollos<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S195c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellos pollos<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>femenino<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esta bebida<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esa bebida<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S194c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquella bebida<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196a.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> estas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196b.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S196c.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellas bebidas<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Other examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"this ice cream\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S197.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> este helado<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"that soup\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S198.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> esa sopa<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"those eggs (over there)\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S199.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> aquellos huevos<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<p>There is no <em>o<\/em> in the masculine, singular form.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"foreign\">est<em>e<\/em><\/span> vs. <span class=\"foreign\">est<em>o<\/em>s<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">and<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span class=\"foreign\">es<em>e<\/em><\/span> vs. <span class=\"foreign\">es<em>o<\/em>s<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Demonstrative adjectives precede the noun they modify and they also agree in number and gender with that noun.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">este<\/span> are used to point out people or objects that are close to the speaker.<\/li>\n<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">ese<\/span> are used to point out people or objects that are not close to the speaker in space or time.<\/li>\n<li>The forms of <span class=\"foreign\">aquel<\/span> are used to refer to people or objects that are even farther away.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"este, ese, aquel\" src=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/umes-spanish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2922\/2015\/09\/S1L12p055.jpg\" alt=\"illustration of woman shopping for fruit at market\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Quisiera medio kilo de estas fresas, un kilo de esos pl\u00e1tanos y dos kilos de aquellas patatas.<\/p>\n<p><b>Pronombres demostrativos<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Demonstrative adjectives function as pronouns when the noun they modify is omitted.<\/p>\n<p>They are used to express &#8220;this one&#8221; or &#8220;that one&#8221;. To differentiate them from demonstrative adjectives, an accent mark is written on the stressed vowel of the pronoun.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S201.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> No me gusta este tipo de queso, pero me encanta \u00e9ste.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"dialog\"><audio src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S202.mp3\" controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"dialog\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"name\">Clarisa<\/td>\n<td class=\"material\">\u00bfLe doy un poco de esta salchicha?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"name\">Est\u00e9fani<\/td>\n<td class=\"material\">No, prefiero \u00e9sa.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S203.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> Esas manzanas son muy buenas, pero aqu\u00e9llas son a\u00fan m\u00e1s sabrosas.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The neuter forms <span class=\"foreign\">esto<\/span>, <span class=\"foreign\">eso<\/span>, and <span class=\"foreign\">aquello<\/span> have no written accent mark and they are used to refer to as yet unspecified objects, or to a whole idea, concept or situation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dialog\">\n<table class=\"dialog\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"name\">Martha<\/td>\n<td class=\"material\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"What\u2019s this?\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S204.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> \u00bfQu\u00e9 es esto?<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"name\">Thal\u00eda<\/td>\n<td class=\"material\"><span class=\"translation\" title=\"It\u2019s a crab.\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S205.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> Es un cangrejo.<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"He didn\u2019t say that.\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S206.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> No dijo eso.<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"translation\" title=\"That\u2019s horrendous!\"><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/l12_leccion12\/webcontent\/S1L12S207.mp3\" target=\"audio\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/textimgs\/olispanish1\/play.svg#fixme\" alt=\"Play Audio\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" border=\"0\" \/> \u00a1Aquello es horroroso!<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-961\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Lesson 12: Estructuras gramaticales . <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Open Learning Initiative. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Carnegie Mellon. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/oli.cmu.edu\/jcourse\/lms\/students\/syllabus.do?section=037856eb80020ca6007833f93f06cd13\">https:\/\/oli.cmu.edu\/jcourse\/lms\/students\/syllabus.do?section=037856eb80020ca6007833f93f06cd13<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Spanish1. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives <\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t 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