{"id":524,"date":"2016-04-04T22:31:47","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T22:31:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=524"},"modified":"2016-07-15T17:51:51","modified_gmt":"2016-07-15T17:51:51","slug":"text-prewriting-strategies-2-2-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/chapter\/text-prewriting-strategies-2-2-2\/","title":{"raw":"Text: Prewriting Strategies","rendered":"Text: Prewriting Strategies"},"content":{"raw":"The term \"pre-writing\" conjures up a lot of strange activities and practices. You've probably tried many different prewriting strategies in the past, and may have a good idea of what works for you and what doesn't.\r\n\r\nKeep in mind that the KIND of writing project you're working on can impact how effective a particular technique is to use in a given situation. Something that you've relied on before may not be as effective as you move into new subjects. Experiment often.\r\n\r\nMake it fun!\u00a0Here are some to try:\r\n<h2>Freewriting<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-2147\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15174307\/16413982500_8d18d89593_z-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"black colored pencil\" width=\"100\" height=\"75\" \/>Set a timer for a short amount of time (5 minutes or 10 minutes are good options). During that period,\u00a0write anything that comes to mind related to your topic. The goal is to not worry about what comes out of your pen or keyboard. Instead, just free your mind to associate as it wishes. It's amazingly productive for rich ideas, and it's nice not to have to worry about spelling and grammar.\r\n\r\nIf it's hard for you to \"turn off\" the worry about writing well, challenge yourself to write a few awful, terrible sentences as the beginning.\r\n<h2>List-Making<\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-2148\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15174643\/6983083233_2eef4dc6c5_z-300x157.jpg\" alt=\"handwritten shopping list. The legible lines read: kitchen towel, mum's happiness, ponies, value pack of rainbows, mayo\" width=\"100\" height=\"52\" \/>If you're a list-maker by nature, there's no reason not to harness that for academic writing purposes. Jot notes about major ideas related to the subject you're working with. This also works well with a time limit, like 10 minutes. A bonus feature--after you've had time to reflect on your list, you can rearrange it in hierarchical order, and create a basic outline quickly.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"p1\">Clustering<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-2149\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175022\/2152863444_517889ba6c_z-300x194.jpg\" alt=\"handwritten mind map in blue ink. Topic: Faceted Classification, IT. Moves from bubble at central top, to squares on left, to arrow call-outs on right\" width=\"100\" height=\"65\" \/>Also known as \"mapping,\" this is a more visual form of brainstorming. It asks you to come up with topic ideas, and draw lines to connect\u00a0ideas and figure out sub-categories and related ideas. \u00a0You can end up with a quite extensive \"bubble cloud\" as a result. This also works well within a time limit, like 10 minutes.\r\n<h2>Questioning<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-2150\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175240\/speech-bubble-1426772_1280-300x300.png\" alt=\"question mark in speech bubble agains blue circle background\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/>The way to find answers is to ask questions--seems simple enough. This applies to early-stage writing processes, just like everything else. When you have a topic in mind, asking and answering questions about it is a good way to figure out directions your writing might take.\r\n\r\nStart with just listing the questions. What do you want or need to know the answers to regarding your topic?\r\n<h2>Dialoging<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignleft wp-image-2151\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175518\/conversation-1262311_1280-300x267.png\" alt=\"Illustration of two people with overlapping speech bubbles, one pink and one blue (forming purple where they overlap)\" width=\"100\" height=\"89\" \/>Another approach to getting inside a topic is to imagine two people talking about it. Write out a script for two characters you invent. Give them names and brief personalities--why are they interested in this subject? Assume one of them knows more than the other about it.\r\n\r\nAn option is to find another person to participate with you. Write down a back and forth conversation you have about the topic. Try texting or emailing one another to make it feel authentic.\r\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2><div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1BS1JkQH0ia6Am0Sj_rMkWYNn8ojtpExBppEEhlaaNt0\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a>","rendered":"<p>The term &#8220;pre-writing&#8221; conjures up a lot of strange activities and practices. You&#8217;ve probably tried many different prewriting strategies in the past, and may have a good idea of what works for you and what doesn&#8217;t.<\/p>\n<p>Keep in mind that the KIND of writing project you&#8217;re working on can impact how effective a particular technique is to use in a given situation. Something that you&#8217;ve relied on before may not be as effective as you move into new subjects. Experiment often.<\/p>\n<p>Make it fun!\u00a0Here are some to try:<\/p>\n<h2>Freewriting<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2147\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15174307\/16413982500_8d18d89593_z-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"black colored pencil\" width=\"100\" height=\"75\" \/>Set a timer for a short amount of time (5 minutes or 10 minutes are good options). During that period,\u00a0write anything that comes to mind related to your topic. The goal is to not worry about what comes out of your pen or keyboard. Instead, just free your mind to associate as it wishes. It&#8217;s amazingly productive for rich ideas, and it&#8217;s nice not to have to worry about spelling and grammar.<\/p>\n<p>If it&#8217;s hard for you to &#8220;turn off&#8221; the worry about writing well, challenge yourself to write a few awful, terrible sentences as the beginning.<\/p>\n<h2>List-Making<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2148\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15174643\/6983083233_2eef4dc6c5_z-300x157.jpg\" alt=\"handwritten shopping list. The legible lines read: kitchen towel, mum's happiness, ponies, value pack of rainbows, mayo\" width=\"100\" height=\"52\" \/>If you&#8217;re a list-maker by nature, there&#8217;s no reason not to harness that for academic writing purposes. Jot notes about major ideas related to the subject you&#8217;re working with. This also works well with a time limit, like 10 minutes. A bonus feature&#8211;after you&#8217;ve had time to reflect on your list, you can rearrange it in hierarchical order, and create a basic outline quickly.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\">Clustering<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2149\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175022\/2152863444_517889ba6c_z-300x194.jpg\" alt=\"handwritten mind map in blue ink. Topic: Faceted Classification, IT. Moves from bubble at central top, to squares on left, to arrow call-outs on right\" width=\"100\" height=\"65\" \/>Also known as &#8220;mapping,&#8221; this is a more visual form of brainstorming. It asks you to come up with topic ideas, and draw lines to connect\u00a0ideas and figure out sub-categories and related ideas. \u00a0You can end up with a quite extensive &#8220;bubble cloud&#8221; as a result. This also works well within a time limit, like 10 minutes.<\/p>\n<h2>Questioning<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2150\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175240\/speech-bubble-1426772_1280-300x300.png\" alt=\"question mark in speech bubble agains blue circle background\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/>The way to find answers is to ask questions&#8211;seems simple enough. This applies to early-stage writing processes, just like everything else. When you have a topic in mind, asking and answering questions about it is a good way to figure out directions your writing might take.<\/p>\n<p>Start with just listing the questions. What do you want or need to know the answers to regarding your topic?<\/p>\n<h2>Dialoging<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2151\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/15175518\/conversation-1262311_1280-300x267.png\" alt=\"Illustration of two people with overlapping speech bubbles, one pink and one blue (forming purple where they overlap)\" width=\"100\" height=\"89\" \/>Another approach to getting inside a topic is to imagine two people talking about it. Write out a script for two characters you invent. Give them names and brief personalities&#8211;why are they interested in this subject? Assume one of them knows more than the other about it.<\/p>\n<p>An option is to find another person to participate with you. Write down a back and forth conversation you have about the topic. Try texting or emailing one another to make it feel authentic.<\/p>\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1BS1JkQH0ia6Am0Sj_rMkWYNn8ojtpExBppEEhlaaNt0\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-524\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Prewriting Strategies. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Alexis McMillan-Clifton. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Tacoma Community College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tacomacc.edu\">http:\/\/www.tacomacc.edu<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of pencil. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: William Warby. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/r1rX9h\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/r1rX9h<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of list. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Lucy Downey. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bD58mM\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bD58mM<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of mind map. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Jason Morrison. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/4heZif\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/4heZif<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC: Attribution-NonCommercial<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of question. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Deans_Icons. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/speech-bubble-comic-icon-symbol-1426772\/\">https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/speech-bubble-comic-icon-symbol-1426772\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/cc0\">CC0: No Rights Reserved<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of two figures talking. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: josemiguels. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/conversation-dialogue-interview-1262311\/\">https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/conversation-dialogue-interview-1262311\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/cc0\">CC0: No Rights Reserved<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":19,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Prewriting Strategies\",\"author\":\"Alexis 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