{"id":890,"date":"2016-04-13T20:47:15","date_gmt":"2016-04-13T20:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=890"},"modified":"2016-07-15T20:04:17","modified_gmt":"2016-07-15T20:04:17","slug":"plural-nouns-4-1-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/chapter\/plural-nouns-4-1-2\/","title":{"raw":"Text: Regular Plural Nouns","rendered":"Text: Regular Plural Nouns"},"content":{"raw":"<img class=\"alignright wp-image-2289\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/21144847\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-21-at-10.48.18-AM-300x238.png\" alt=\"Icon of two men wearing suits\" width=\"126\" height=\"100\" \/>A plural noun\u00a0indicates that there is more than one of that noun (while a singular noun indicates that there is just one of the noun).\u00a0English has both regular and irregular plural nouns.\r\n\r\nLet's start with regular plurals: <strong>regular plural nouns<\/strong> use established\u00a0patterns to\u00a0indicate there is more than one of a thing.\r\n<h2>Recognize nouns marked with plural form -<em>s.<\/em><\/h2>\r\nWe add the plural suffix -<em>s<\/em> to most words.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>apple\u00a0\u2192 apples<\/li>\r\n \t<li>key\u00a0\u2192 keys<\/li>\r\n \t<li>computer\u00a0\u2192 computers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHowever, after sounds <em>s<\/em>, <em>z<\/em>, <em>sh<\/em>, <em>ch<\/em>, and <em>j<\/em>, we add the plural suffix -<em>es<\/em>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>box\u00a0\u2192 boxes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>wish\u00a0\u2192 wishes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kiss\u00a0\u2192 kisses<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nDo you know how to spell the plurals\u00a0for the following words?\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>book<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>peach<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>chair<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>buzz<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>picture<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>watch<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"245001\"]<strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong>[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"245001\"]\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>book<\/td>\r\n<td><em>books<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>peach<\/td>\r\n<td><em>peaches<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>chair<\/td>\r\n<td><em>chairs<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>buzz<\/td>\r\n<td><em>buzzes<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>picture<\/td>\r\n<td><em>pictures<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>watch<\/td>\r\n<td><em>watches<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>After the letter\u00a0<em>o<\/em>.<\/h2>\r\nWe add the plural suffix -<em>es<\/em> to most words that end in <em>o<\/em>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>tomato\u00a0\u2192 tomatoes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>hero\u00a0\u2192 heroes<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWe add the plural suffix -<em>s<\/em> to words of foreign origin (Latin, Greek, Spanish, etc.)\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>piano\u00a0\u2192 pianos<\/li>\r\n \t<li>photo\u00a0\u2192 photos<\/li>\r\n \t<li>video\u00a0\u2192 videos<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>Note:\u00a0<\/strong>While you won't be expected to know which words have a foreign origin, being familiar with (or memorizing) some\u00a0common words that use this plural\u00a0can\u00a0be really helpful. And remember, if you're ever in doubt, the dictionary is there for you!<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nWhat are the correct plurals for the following words?\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>solo<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>portfolio<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>veto<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>memo<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>echo<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>radio<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>avocado<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>zero<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>studio<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>potato<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"245002\"]<strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong>[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"245002\"]\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>solo<\/td>\r\n<td><em>solos<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>portfolio<\/td>\r\n<td><em>portfolios<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>veto<\/td>\r\n<td><em>vetoes<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>memo<\/td>\r\n<td><em>memos<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>echo<\/td>\r\n<td><em>echoes<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>radio<\/td>\r\n<td><em>radios<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>avocado<\/td>\r\n<td><em>avocados<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>zero<\/td>\r\n<td><em>zeroes<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>studio<\/td>\r\n<td><em>studios<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>potato<\/td>\r\n<td><em>potatoes<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>After -<em>y<\/em>\u00a0and -<em>f<\/em>, -<em>fe<\/em><\/h2>\r\nWhen a word ends in <em>y<\/em>\u00a0and there is a consonant before <em>y<\/em>, we change the <em>y<\/em>\u00a0to <em>i<\/em>\u00a0and add -<em>es<\/em>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>baby\u00a0\u2192 babies<\/li>\r\n \t<li>fly\u00a0\u2192 flies<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h3>But not after a vowel +\u00a0<em>y<\/em><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>toy\u00a0\u2192 toys<\/li>\r\n \t<li>monkey\u00a0\u2192 monkeys<\/li>\r\n \t<li>day\u00a0\u2192 days<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nWhat are the correct plurals for the following words?\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>supply<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>key<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>fry<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>play<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>ally<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>boy<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"245003\"]<strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong>[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"245003\"]\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>supply<\/td>\r\n<td><em>supplies<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>key<\/td>\r\n<td><em>keys<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>fry<\/td>\r\n<td><em>fries<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>play<\/td>\r\n<td><em>plays<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>ally<\/td>\r\n<td><em>allies<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>boy<\/td>\r\n<td><em>boys<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhen a word ends in -<em>f<\/em> or -<em>fe<\/em>, we change the <em>f<\/em> to <em>v<\/em>\u00a0and add -<em>es<\/em>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>leaf\u00a0\u2192 leaves<\/li>\r\n \t<li>life\u00a0\u2192 lives<\/li>\r\n \t<li>scarf\u00a0\u2192 scarves<\/li>\r\n \t<li>calf\u00a0\u2192 calves<\/li>\r\n \t<li>loaf\u00a0\u2192 loaves<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h4>But not in these words<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>cliff\u00a0\u2192 cliffs<\/li>\r\n \t<li>roof\u00a0\u2192 roofs<\/li>\r\n \t<li>belief\u00a0\u2192 beliefs<\/li>\r\n \t<li>chief\u00a0\u2192 chiefs<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nWhat are the correct plurals for the following words?\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>wolf<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>self<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>chief<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>half<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>sheaf<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>roof<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>knife<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<td>thief<\/td>\r\n<td>[practice-area rows=\"1\"][\/practice-area]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"245004\"]<strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong>[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"245004\"]\r\n<table>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Singular<\/th>\r\n<th width=\"25%\">Plural<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>wolf<\/td>\r\n<td><em>wolves<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>self<\/td>\r\n<td><em>selves<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>chief<\/td>\r\n<td><em>chiefs<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>half<\/td>\r\n<td><em>halves<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>sheaf<\/td>\r\n<td><em>sheaves<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>roof<\/td>\r\n<td><em>roofs<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>knife<\/td>\r\n<td><em>knives<\/em><\/td>\r\n<td>thief<\/td>\r\n<td><em>thieves<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2><div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1rRQPAi4GaeevcO7Z-B3-al-mEnjx2MZMVt_H3a8vp5k\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a>","rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2289\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/06\/21144847\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-21-at-10.48.18-AM-300x238.png\" alt=\"Icon of two men wearing suits\" width=\"126\" height=\"100\" \/>A plural noun\u00a0indicates that there is more than one of that noun (while a singular noun indicates that there is just one of the noun).\u00a0English has both regular and irregular plural nouns.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s start with regular plurals: <strong>regular plural nouns<\/strong> use established\u00a0patterns to\u00a0indicate there is more than one of a thing.<\/p>\n<h2>Recognize nouns marked with plural form &#8211;<em>s.<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>We add the plural suffix &#8211;<em>s<\/em> to most words.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>apple\u00a0\u2192 apples<\/li>\n<li>key\u00a0\u2192 keys<\/li>\n<li>computer\u00a0\u2192 computers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, after sounds <em>s<\/em>, <em>z<\/em>, <em>sh<\/em>, <em>ch<\/em>, and <em>j<\/em>, we add the plural suffix &#8211;<em>es<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>box\u00a0\u2192 boxes<\/li>\n<li>wish\u00a0\u2192 wishes<\/li>\n<li>kiss\u00a0\u2192 kisses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>Do you know how to spell the plurals\u00a0for the following words?<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>book<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>peach<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chair<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>buzz<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>picture<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>watch<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q245001\"><strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q245001\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>book<\/td>\n<td><em>books<\/em><\/td>\n<td>peach<\/td>\n<td><em>peaches<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chair<\/td>\n<td><em>chairs<\/em><\/td>\n<td>buzz<\/td>\n<td><em>buzzes<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>picture<\/td>\n<td><em>pictures<\/em><\/td>\n<td>watch<\/td>\n<td><em>watches<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>After the letter\u00a0<em>o<\/em>.<\/h2>\n<p>We add the plural suffix &#8211;<em>es<\/em> to most words that end in <em>o<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tomato\u00a0\u2192 tomatoes<\/li>\n<li>hero\u00a0\u2192 heroes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We add the plural suffix &#8211;<em>s<\/em> to words of foreign origin (Latin, Greek, Spanish, etc.)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>piano\u00a0\u2192 pianos<\/li>\n<li>photo\u00a0\u2192 photos<\/li>\n<li>video\u00a0\u2192 videos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><strong>Note:\u00a0<\/strong>While you won&#8217;t be expected to know which words have a foreign origin, being familiar with (or memorizing) some\u00a0common words that use this plural\u00a0can\u00a0be really helpful. And remember, if you&#8217;re ever in doubt, the dictionary is there for you!<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>What are the correct plurals for the following words?<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>solo<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>portfolio<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>veto<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>memo<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>echo<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>radio<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>avocado<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>zero<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>studio<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>potato<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q245002\"><strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q245002\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>solo<\/td>\n<td><em>solos<\/em><\/td>\n<td>portfolio<\/td>\n<td><em>portfolios<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>veto<\/td>\n<td><em>vetoes<\/em><\/td>\n<td>memo<\/td>\n<td><em>memos<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>echo<\/td>\n<td><em>echoes<\/em><\/td>\n<td>radio<\/td>\n<td><em>radios<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>avocado<\/td>\n<td><em>avocados<\/em><\/td>\n<td>zero<\/td>\n<td><em>zeroes<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>studio<\/td>\n<td><em>studios<\/em><\/td>\n<td>potato<\/td>\n<td><em>potatoes<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>After &#8211;<em>y<\/em>\u00a0and &#8211;<em>f<\/em>, &#8211;<em>fe<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>When a word ends in <em>y<\/em>\u00a0and there is a consonant before <em>y<\/em>, we change the <em>y<\/em>\u00a0to <em>i<\/em>\u00a0and add &#8211;<em>es<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>baby\u00a0\u2192 babies<\/li>\n<li>fly\u00a0\u2192 flies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h3>But not after a vowel +\u00a0<em>y<\/em><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>toy\u00a0\u2192 toys<\/li>\n<li>monkey\u00a0\u2192 monkeys<\/li>\n<li>day\u00a0\u2192 days<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>What are the correct plurals for the following words?<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>supply<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>key<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>fry<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>play<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ally<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>boy<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q245003\"><strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q245003\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>supply<\/td>\n<td><em>supplies<\/em><\/td>\n<td>key<\/td>\n<td><em>keys<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>fry<\/td>\n<td><em>fries<\/em><\/td>\n<td>play<\/td>\n<td><em>plays<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ally<\/td>\n<td><em>allies<\/em><\/td>\n<td>boy<\/td>\n<td><em>boys<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>When a word ends in &#8211;<em>f<\/em> or &#8211;<em>fe<\/em>, we change the <em>f<\/em> to <em>v<\/em>\u00a0and add &#8211;<em>es<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>leaf\u00a0\u2192 leaves<\/li>\n<li>life\u00a0\u2192 lives<\/li>\n<li>scarf\u00a0\u2192 scarves<\/li>\n<li>calf\u00a0\u2192 calves<\/li>\n<li>loaf\u00a0\u2192 loaves<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h4>But not in these words<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>cliff\u00a0\u2192 cliffs<\/li>\n<li>roof\u00a0\u2192 roofs<\/li>\n<li>belief\u00a0\u2192 beliefs<\/li>\n<li>chief\u00a0\u2192 chiefs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>What are the correct plurals for the following words?<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>wolf<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>self<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chief<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>half<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sheaf<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>roof<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>knife<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<td>thief<\/td>\n<td><textarea aria-label=\"Your Answer\" rows=\"1\"><\/textarea><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q245004\"><strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q245004\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Singular<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 25%;\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>wolf<\/td>\n<td><em>wolves<\/em><\/td>\n<td>self<\/td>\n<td><em>selves<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chief<\/td>\n<td><em>chiefs<\/em><\/td>\n<td>half<\/td>\n<td><em>halves<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>sheaf<\/td>\n<td><em>sheaves<\/em><\/td>\n<td>roof<\/td>\n<td><em>roofs<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>knife<\/td>\n<td><em>knives<\/em><\/td>\n<td>thief<\/td>\n<td><em>thieves<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1rRQPAi4GaeevcO7Z-B3-al-mEnjx2MZMVt_H3a8vp5k\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-890\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Regular Plural Nouns. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Julie Sevastopoulos. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Grammar-Quizzes.com. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/agree1a.html\">http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/agree1a.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of two men. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Gregor Cresnar. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: The Noun Project. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/search\/?q=people&#038;i=176708\">https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/search\/?q=people&#038;i=176708<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Regular Plural Nouns\",\"author\":\"Julie Sevastopoulos\",\"organization\":\"Grammar-Quizzes.com\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/agree1a.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and Adaptation\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Image of two men\",\"author\":\"Gregor Cresnar\",\"organization\":\"The Noun Project\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/thenounproject.com\/search\/?q=people&i=176708\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"236c797a-3eb1-42a9-89c0-6a241bd301a5, 645a5e45-ca71-4123-a758-c9478e813ab4","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-890","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":21,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3020,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/890\/revisions\/3020"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/21"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/890\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}