{"id":962,"date":"2016-04-14T17:32:07","date_gmt":"2016-04-14T17:32:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=962"},"modified":"2016-07-15T21:05:34","modified_gmt":"2016-07-15T21:05:34","slug":"quotation-marks-4-6-8","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/chapter\/quotation-marks-4-6-8\/","title":{"raw":"Text: Quotation Marks","rendered":"Text: Quotation Marks"},"content":{"raw":"<img class=\"alignright wp-image-1760\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/05\/04170735\/quote-1024x472.png\" alt=\"an icon showing opening and closing quotation marks\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" \/>There are three typical ways quotation marks are used. The first is pretty self-explanatory: you use quotation marks when you're making a direct quote.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>He\u00a0said \u201cI'll never forget you.\u201d It was the best moment of my life.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Yogi Berra famously said, \u201cA nickel ain't worth a dime anymore.\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe second is when you're\u00a0calling attention to a word. For example:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>I can never say \u201cWorcestershire\u201d correctly.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How do you spell \u201cdefinitely\u201d?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Note:<\/strong> It is this course's preference to use italics in\u00a0these instances:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>I can never say\u00a0<em>Worcestershire<\/em> correctly.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How do you spell\u00a0<em>definitely<\/em>?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHowever, using quotes is also an accepted practice.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe last use is scare quotes. This is the most misused type of quotation marks. People often think that quotation marks mean emphasis.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Buy some \u201cfresh\u201d chicken today!<\/li>\r\n \t<li>We'll give it our \u201cbest\u201d effort.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Employees\u00a0\u201cmust\u201d wash their hands before returning to work.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHowever, when used this way, the quotation marks insert a silent \u201cso-called\u201d into the sentence, which is often the opposite of the intended meaning.\r\n<div class=\"content clear-block\">\r\n<h2>Where do Quotation Marks Go?<\/h2>\r\nDespite what you may see practiced\u2014especially in advertising, on television, and even in business letters\u2014the fact is that the period and comma go inside the quotation marks all of the time. Confusion arises because the British system is different, and the American system may automatically look wrong to you, but it is simply one of the frequently broken rules of written English in America: The period and comma <em>always<\/em>\u00a0go inside the quotation marks.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Correct: The people of the pine barrens are often called \u201cpineys.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorrect: The people of the pine barrens are often called \u201cpineys\u201d.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHowever, the semicolon, colon, dash, question mark, and exclamation point fall outside of the quotation marks (unless, of course, the quoted material has internal punctuation of its own).\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>This measurement is commonly known as \u201cdip angle\u201d; dip angle is the angle formed between a normal plane and a vertical.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Built only 50 years ago, Shakhtinsk\u2014\u201cminetown\u201d\u2014is already seedy.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When she was asked the question \u201cAre rainbows possible in winter?\u201d she answered by examining whether raindrops freeze at temperatures below 0 \u00b0C. (Quoted material has its own punctuation.)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Did he really say \u201cDogs are the devil's henchmen\u201d? (The quote is a statement, but the full sentence is a question.)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\r\nHave the following sentences been punctuated correctly?\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>\u201cHello Marcelo\u201d Nikola said \u201cHow have you been doing\u201d?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cI'm doing well.\u201d he said.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>He asked, \u201cWhat's new with you?\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>My friend told me that \u201cHe has a new car.\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The car dealership promised the\u00a0\u201cbest\u201d prices in town!<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"779124\"]<strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong>[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"779124\"]\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Incorrect. Commas are missing. Place a comma after <em>Marcelo<\/em>\u00a0and after <em>said<\/em>. The question mark belongs inside the end quotation mark.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cHello Marcelo,\u201d Nikola said, \u201cHow have you been doing?\u201d<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorrect. Place a comma not a period before the end quotation.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cI'm doing well,\u201d he said.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Correct. Place the question mark inside the quote mark when both the quote and the main sentence are questions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorrect. Since this is\u00a0reported speech not a quote, there should be not quotation marks.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>My friend told me that He has a new car.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Incorrect. In this instance\u00a0the quotation marks insert\u00a0a silent\u201cso-called\u201d into the sentence,\u00a0changing the original intent of the sentence.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The car dealership promised the best prices in town!<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2><div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1wuxGf6Dz6j6BlKPNc4XNNt_XAFVMPvY8z1dtV2DUPdk\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a>","rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-1760\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/85\/2016\/05\/04170735\/quote-1024x472.png\" alt=\"an icon showing opening and closing quotation marks\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" \/>There are three typical ways quotation marks are used. The first is pretty self-explanatory: you use quotation marks when you&#8217;re making a direct quote.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He\u00a0said \u201cI&#8217;ll never forget you.\u201d It was the best moment of my life.<\/li>\n<li>Yogi Berra famously said, \u201cA nickel ain&#8217;t worth a dime anymore.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The second is when you&#8217;re\u00a0calling attention to a word. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I can never say \u201cWorcestershire\u201d correctly.<\/li>\n<li>How do you spell \u201cdefinitely\u201d?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> It is this course&#8217;s preference to use italics in\u00a0these instances:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I can never say\u00a0<em>Worcestershire<\/em> correctly.<\/li>\n<li>How do you spell\u00a0<em>definitely<\/em>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, using quotes is also an accepted practice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The last use is scare quotes. This is the most misused type of quotation marks. People often think that quotation marks mean emphasis.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buy some \u201cfresh\u201d chicken today!<\/li>\n<li>We&#8217;ll give it our \u201cbest\u201d effort.<\/li>\n<li>Employees\u00a0\u201cmust\u201d wash their hands before returning to work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, when used this way, the quotation marks insert a silent \u201cso-called\u201d into the sentence, which is often the opposite of the intended meaning.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content clear-block\">\n<h2>Where do Quotation Marks Go?<\/h2>\n<p>Despite what you may see practiced\u2014especially in advertising, on television, and even in business letters\u2014the fact is that the period and comma go inside the quotation marks all of the time. Confusion arises because the British system is different, and the American system may automatically look wrong to you, but it is simply one of the frequently broken rules of written English in America: The period and comma <em>always<\/em>\u00a0go inside the quotation marks.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Correct: The people of the pine barrens are often called \u201cpineys.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Incorrect: The people of the pine barrens are often called \u201cpineys\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, the semicolon, colon, dash, question mark, and exclamation point fall outside of the quotation marks (unless, of course, the quoted material has internal punctuation of its own).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>This measurement is commonly known as \u201cdip angle\u201d; dip angle is the angle formed between a normal plane and a vertical.<\/li>\n<li>Built only 50 years ago, Shakhtinsk\u2014\u201cminetown\u201d\u2014is already seedy.<\/li>\n<li>When she was asked the question \u201cAre rainbows possible in winter?\u201d she answered by examining whether raindrops freeze at temperatures below 0 \u00b0C. (Quoted material has its own punctuation.)<\/li>\n<li>Did he really say \u201cDogs are the devil&#8217;s henchmen\u201d? (The quote is a statement, but the full sentence is a question.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Practice<\/h3>\n<p>Have the following sentences been punctuated correctly?<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u201cHello Marcelo\u201d Nikola said \u201cHow have you been doing\u201d?<\/li>\n<li>\u201cI&#8217;m doing well.\u201d he said.<\/li>\n<li>He asked, \u201cWhat&#8217;s new with you?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>My friend told me that \u201cHe has a new car.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>The car dealership promised the\u00a0\u201cbest\u201d prices in town!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><span class=\"show-answer collapsed\" style=\"cursor: pointer\" data-target=\"q779124\"><strong>Click to Show Answer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"q779124\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Incorrect. Commas are missing. Place a comma after <em>Marcelo<\/em>\u00a0and after <em>said<\/em>. The question mark belongs inside the end quotation mark.\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cHello Marcelo,\u201d Nikola said, \u201cHow have you been doing?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Incorrect. Place a comma not a period before the end quotation.\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cI&#8217;m doing well,\u201d he said.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Correct. Place the question mark inside the quote mark when both the quote and the main sentence are questions.<\/li>\n<li>Incorrect. Since this is\u00a0reported speech not a quote, there should be not quotation marks.\n<ul>\n<li>My friend told me that He has a new car.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Incorrect. In this instance\u00a0the quotation marks insert\u00a0a silent\u201cso-called\u201d into the sentence,\u00a0changing the original intent of the sentence.\n<ul>\n<li>The car dealership promised the best prices in town!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1wuxGf6Dz6j6BlKPNc4XNNt_XAFVMPvY8z1dtV2DUPdk\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-962\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Revision and Adaptation. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Image of quotation marks. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Quotation Marks. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Joe Schall. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: The Pennsylvania State University. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/c2_p4.html\">https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/c2_p4.html<\/a>. <strong>Project<\/strong>: Penn State&#039;s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences&#039; OER Initiative. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Quotation Marks. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Julie Sevastopoulos. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Grammar-Quizzes. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/punc-quotation.html\">http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/punc-quotation.html<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":47,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Quotation Marks\",\"author\":\"Joe Schall\",\"organization\":\"The Pennsylvania State University\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.e-education.psu.edu\/styleforstudents\/c2_p4.html\",\"project\":\"Penn State\\'s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences\\' OER Initiative\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Revision and Adaptation\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Quotation Marks\",\"author\":\"Julie Sevastopoulos\",\"organization\":\"Grammar-Quizzes\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.grammar-quizzes.com\/punc-quotation.html\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-nc-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Image of quotation marks\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"70b6a03c-03e8-434b-9e85-e4332b537a36, f843567b-bee0-4584-ac63-452f90afb3d1","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-962","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":21,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2442,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/962\/revisions\/2442"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/21"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/962\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=962"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level1-english-gen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}