{"id":129,"date":"2016-05-11T15:44:55","date_gmt":"2016-05-11T15:44:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level2-english\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=129"},"modified":"2016-07-19T17:39:59","modified_gmt":"2016-07-19T17:39:59","slug":"outcome-specialized-reading-strategies-1-3","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-level2-english\/chapter\/outcome-specialized-reading-strategies-1-3\/","title":{"raw":"Outcome: Specialized Reading Strategies","rendered":"Outcome: Specialized Reading Strategies"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\r\nThe reading process discussed earlier in this module applies to any kind of reading you'll do for school. \u00a0Beyond the general strategies of previewing, active reading, summarizing, and reviewing, however, you'll find that specific types of reading will place specific demands on you.\r\n\r\nExamine the three items below. \u00a0All are typical of types of reading you'll need to do in different college classes you take. \u00a0As you can see, they each require a different set of skills to read and interpret correctly.\r\n<h3 class=\"textbox\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Chart of an example of Throughput Accounting structure<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-164 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/106\/2016\/05\/11210818\/ThroughputStructure-300x264.jpg\" alt=\"3D graph measuring &quot;Throughput Structure&quot; on the vertical axis and % of Sales on the horizontal axis\" width=\"300\" height=\"264\" \/> <\/span><\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n<h3 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Signaling in Yeast<\/span><\/h3>\r\nYeasts are single-celled eukaryotes; therefore, they have a nucleus and <span class=\"s2\">organelles<\/span> characteristic of more complex life forms. Comparisons of the <span class=\"s2\">genomes<\/span> of yeasts, nematode worms, <span class=\"s2\">fruit<\/span> flies, and humans illustrate the <span class=\"s2\">evolution<\/span> of increasingly-complex signaling systems that allow for the efficient inner workings that keep humans and other complex life forms functioning correctly.\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The components and processes found in yeast signals are similar to those of cell-surface receptor signals in multicellular organisms. Budding yeasts are able to participate in a process that is similar to sexual reproduction that entails two haploid cells combining to form a diploid cell . In order to find another haploid yeast cell that is prepared to mate, budding yeasts secrete a signaling molecule called mating factor. When mating factor binds to cell-surface receptors in other yeast cells that are nearby, they stop their normal growth cycles and initiate a cell signaling cascade that includes protein kinases and GTP-binding proteins that are similar to G-proteins.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n<h3>Identify the difference between the graph of a linear equation and linear inequality<\/h3>\r\nRecall that solutions to linear inequalities are whole sets of numbers, rather than just one number, like you find with solutions to equalities (equations).\r\n\r\nHere is an example from the section on solving linear inequalities:\r\n\r\nSolve for p. [latex]4p+5&lt;29[\/latex]\r\n\r\n[latex] \\displaystyle \\begin{array}{l}4p+5&lt;\\,\\,\\,29\\\\\\underline{\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,-5\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,-5}\\\\\\underline{4p}\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,&lt;\\,\\,\\underline{24}\\,\\,\\\\4\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,4\\\\\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,p&lt;6\\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\nYou can interpret the solution as p can be any number less than six. Now recall that we can graph equations of lines by defining the outputs, y, and the inputs, x, and writing an equation.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nThe following pages in this section will offer targeted advice for approaching different categories of the text and images you'll encounter.\r\n<h2 class=\"p1\">What You Will Learn To Do<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>analyze strategies for reading on digital devices<\/li>\r\n \t<li>analyze strategies for reading math, social science, and science texts<\/li>\r\n \t<li>analyze strategies for reading graphics (charts, etc.)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>The Learning Activities for This Outcome Include<\/h3>\r\n<ul class=\"split\">\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: Online Reading Tips<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in the Sciences<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in the Social Sciences<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in Math<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Video: Reading Tables and Graphs<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Self Check: Specialized Reading Strategies<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Try It: Specialized Reading Strategies<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>The reading process discussed earlier in this module applies to any kind of reading you&#8217;ll do for school. \u00a0Beyond the general strategies of previewing, active reading, summarizing, and reviewing, however, you&#8217;ll find that specific types of reading will place specific demands on you.<\/p>\n<p>Examine the three items below. \u00a0All are typical of types of reading you&#8217;ll need to do in different college classes you take. \u00a0As you can see, they each require a different set of skills to read and interpret correctly.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"textbox\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Chart of an example of Throughput Accounting structure<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-164 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/106\/2016\/05\/11210818\/ThroughputStructure-300x264.jpg\" alt=\"3D graph measuring &quot;Throughput Structure&quot; on the vertical axis and % of Sales on the horizontal axis\" width=\"300\" height=\"264\" \/> <\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<h3 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Signaling in Yeast<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Yeasts are single-celled eukaryotes; therefore, they have a nucleus and <span class=\"s2\">organelles<\/span> characteristic of more complex life forms. Comparisons of the <span class=\"s2\">genomes<\/span> of yeasts, nematode worms, <span class=\"s2\">fruit<\/span> flies, and humans illustrate the <span class=\"s2\">evolution<\/span> of increasingly-complex signaling systems that allow for the efficient inner workings that keep humans and other complex life forms functioning correctly.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The components and processes found in yeast signals are similar to those of cell-surface receptor signals in multicellular organisms. Budding yeasts are able to participate in a process that is similar to sexual reproduction that entails two haploid cells combining to form a diploid cell . In order to find another haploid yeast cell that is prepared to mate, budding yeasts secrete a signaling molecule called mating factor. When mating factor binds to cell-surface receptors in other yeast cells that are nearby, they stop their normal growth cycles and initiate a cell signaling cascade that includes protein kinases and GTP-binding proteins that are similar to G-proteins.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<h3>Identify the difference between the graph of a linear equation and linear inequality<\/h3>\n<p>Recall that solutions to linear inequalities are whole sets of numbers, rather than just one number, like you find with solutions to equalities (equations).<\/p>\n<p>Here is an example from the section on solving linear inequalities:<\/p>\n<p>Solve for p. [latex]4p+5<29[\/latex]\n\n[latex]\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{l}4p+5<\\,\\,\\,29\\\\\\underline{\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,-5\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,-5}\\\\\\underline{4p}\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,<\\,\\,\\underline{24}\\,\\,\\\\4\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,4\\\\\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,p<6\\end{array}[\/latex]\n\nYou can interpret the solution as p can be any number less than six. Now recall that we can graph equations of lines by defining the outputs, y, and the inputs, x, and writing an equation.\n\n<\/div>\n<p>The following pages in this section will offer targeted advice for approaching different categories of the text and images you&#8217;ll encounter.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p1\">What You Will Learn To Do<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>analyze strategies for reading on digital devices<\/li>\n<li>analyze strategies for reading math, social science, and science texts<\/li>\n<li>analyze strategies for reading graphics (charts, etc.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>The Learning Activities for This Outcome Include<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"split\">\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: Online Reading Tips<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in the Sciences<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in the Social Sciences<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Text: How to Read Effectively in Math<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Video: Reading Tables and Graphs<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Self Check: Specialized Reading Strategies<\/li>\n<li class=\"chapter type-1\">Try It: Specialized Reading Strategies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-129\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Outcome: Specialized Reading Strategies. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Image of 3D Chart. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:ThroughputStructure.jpg\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:ThroughputStructure.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Signaling in Yeast. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Boundless. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/biology\/textbooks\/boundless-biology-textbook\/cell-communication-9\/signaling-in-single-celled-organisms-86\/signaling-in-yeast-390-11616\/\">https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/biology\/textbooks\/boundless-biology-textbook\/cell-communication-9\/signaling-in-single-celled-organisms-86\/signaling-in-yeast-390-11616\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Linear inequality (colour-coded). <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Geogebra Institute of MEI. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/material\/simple\/id\/135374\">https:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/material\/simple\/id\/135374<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":19,"menu_order":20,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Image of 3D Chart\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:ThroughputStructure.jpg\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Signaling in Yeast\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Boundless\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.boundless.com\/biology\/textbooks\/boundless-biology-textbook\/cell-communication-9\/signaling-in-single-celled-organisms-86\/signaling-in-yeast-390-11616\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Linear inequality (colour-coded)\",\"author\":\"Geogebra Institute of MEI\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/material\/simple\/id\/135374\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Outcome: Specialized Reading Strategies\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen 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