{"id":2572,"date":"2016-11-09T19:14:45","date_gmt":"2016-11-09T19:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2572"},"modified":"2024-05-17T15:13:15","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T15:13:15","slug":"introduction-to-psychological-disorders","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/chapter\/introduction-to-psychological-disorders\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to Psychological Disorders","rendered":"Introduction to Psychological Disorders"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>What you'll learn to do: define psychological disorders and explain\u00a0how they are classified<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/855\/2017\/03\/25175538\/5561412422_b347a7483c_z.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4046 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/855\/2017\/03\/25175538\/5561412422_b347a7483c_z.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photograph of a woman who is hunched over with her hair covering her face and grabbing the back of her hands with her head, depicting anguish.\" width=\"640\" height=\"429\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\nPsychological disorders are conditions characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Although challenging, it is essential for psychologists and mental health professionals to agree on what experiences and actions\u00a0constitute the presence of a psychological disorder. Inner experiences and behaviors that are atypical or violate social norms could signify the presence of a disorder; however, each of these criteria alone is inadequate. It is generally accepted that a psychological disorder is defined\u00a0by significant disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors; these disturbances must reflect some kind of dysfunction (biological, psychological, or developmental), must cause significant impairment in one\u2019s life, and must not reflect culturally expected reactions to certain life events.\r\n\r\nIn this section, you'll learn about how disorders are defined, and also how they are diagnosed and classified. The\u00a0<em data-effect=\"italics\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders<\/em> (DSM-5) is essentially a classification manual that clinicians can use to read about the criteria, prevalence, risk factors, and details about 200 disorders.\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Describe how psychological disorders are defined, as well as the inherent difficulties in doing so<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Describe the basic features of the <em>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition<\/em> (DSM-5) and how it is used to classify disorders<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Discuss historical and supernatural perspectives as well as modern and biological perspectives on the origin of psychological disorders<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<h2>What you&#8217;ll learn to do: define psychological disorders and explain\u00a0how they are classified<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/855\/2017\/03\/25175538\/5561412422_b347a7483c_z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4046 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/855\/2017\/03\/25175538\/5561412422_b347a7483c_z.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photograph of a woman who is hunched over with her hair covering her face and grabbing the back of her hands with her head, depicting anguish.\" width=\"640\" height=\"429\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Psychological disorders are conditions characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Although challenging, it is essential for psychologists and mental health professionals to agree on what experiences and actions\u00a0constitute the presence of a psychological disorder. Inner experiences and behaviors that are atypical or violate social norms could signify the presence of a disorder; however, each of these criteria alone is inadequate. It is generally accepted that a psychological disorder is defined\u00a0by significant disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors; these disturbances must reflect some kind of dysfunction (biological, psychological, or developmental), must cause significant impairment in one\u2019s life, and must not reflect culturally expected reactions to certain life events.<\/p>\n<p>In this section, you&#8217;ll learn about how disorders are defined, and also how they are diagnosed and classified. The\u00a0<em data-effect=\"italics\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders<\/em> (DSM-5) is essentially a classification manual that clinicians can use to read about the criteria, prevalence, risk factors, and details about 200 disorders.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe how psychological disorders are defined, as well as the inherent difficulties in doing so<\/li>\n<li>Describe the basic features of the <em>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition<\/em> (DSM-5) and how it is used to classify disorders<\/li>\n<li>Discuss historical and supernatural perspectives as well as modern and biological perspectives on the origin of psychological disorders<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2572\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Modification, adaptation, and original content. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>What Are Psychological Disorders?. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: OpenStax College. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/psychology-2e\/pages\/15-1-what-are-psychological-disorders\">https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/psychology-2e\/pages\/15-1-what-are-psychological-disorders<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/psychology-2e\/pages\/1-introduction<\/li><li>Image of anguish. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Porsche Brosseau. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/porsche-linn\/5561412422\">https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/porsche-linn\/5561412422<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"What Are Psychological Disorders?\",\"author\":\"OpenStax College\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/psychology-2e\/pages\/15-1-what-are-psychological-disorders\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/psychology-2e\/pages\/1-introduction\"},{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Modification, adaptation, and original content\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Image of anguish\",\"author\":\"Porsche Brosseau\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/porsche-linn\/5561412422\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"b5873443-0659-4b1f-a7ca-456915706501","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2572","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":525,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8357,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2572\/revisions\/8357"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/525"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2572\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2572"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2572"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/waymaker-psychology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}