{"id":547,"date":"2020-07-30T20:04:38","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T20:04:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/abnormalpsych\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=547"},"modified":"2022-07-26T20:06:08","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T20:06:08","slug":"cyclothymic-disorder","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/chapter\/cyclothymic-disorder\/","title":{"raw":"Cyclothymic Disorder","rendered":"Cyclothymic Disorder"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Describe cyclothymic disorder<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Cyclothymia<\/h2>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_3304\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"wp-image-3304 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5351\/2020\/07\/14211004\/Mania_and_melancholia_Wellcome_L0026687_and_L0026686-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A drawing of two faces. One face is seen having a manic episode, and the other wear\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/> <strong>Figure 1.\u00a0<\/strong>Cyclothymia is characterized by fluctuations between depressive symptoms and symptoms of hypomania, but it is less severe than bipolar disorder.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Cyclothymic disorder<\/strong> is a mental disorder that involves numerous periods of symptoms of depression and periods of symptoms of hypomania. Symptoms, however, are not sufficient to be a major depressive episode or a hypomanic episode. Symptoms must last for more than one year in children and two years in adults.\r\n\r\nCyclothymia is classified in\u00a0DSM-5\u00a0as a subtype of bipolar disorder. The criteria are listed below:[footnote]<span class=\"cs1-lock-registration\" title=\"Free registration required\"><i>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders\u00a0: DSM-5<\/i><\/span>\u00a0(5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 2013.\u00a0ISBN\u00a0978-0-89042-554-1.[\/footnote]<sup id=\"cite_ref-DSM_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>periods of elevated mood and depressive symptoms for at least half the time during the last two years for adults and one year for children and teenagers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>periods of stable moods last only two months at most<\/li>\r\n \t<li>symptoms create significant problems in one or more areas of life<\/li>\r\n \t<li>symptoms do not meet the criteria for bipolar disorder, major depression, or another mental disorder<\/li>\r\n \t<li>symptoms are not caused by substance use or a medical condition<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nPeople with cyclothymia experience both depressive phases and hypomanic phases (which are less severe than a full hypomanic episode). The depressive and manic symptoms in cyclothymia last for variable amounts of time due to the unstable and reactive nature of the disorder. The depressive phases are similar to major depressive disorder and are characterized by dulled thoughts and sensations and the lack of motivation for intellectual or social activities. Most people with cyclothymia are generally fatigued and tend to sleep frequently and for long periods of time. However, other people experience insomnia.\u00a0Cyclothymia differs from bipolar in that major depression, mania, or hypomania have never occurred.\r\n\r\nThe cause of cyclothymia is unknown. Risk factors include a family history of bipolar disorder. First-degree relatives of people with cyclothymia have major depression disorder (MDD), Bipolar I disorder (BD I), and Bipolar II disorder (BD II) more often than the general population. Individuals may also have a history of higher risks for substance-related disorders within the family.\u00a0 First-degree relatives of a BD I individuals may have a higher risk of cyclothymic disorder than the general population.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>\r\n\r\nTreatment is generally with counseling and mood stabilizers such as lithium. It is estimated that 0.4%-1% of people have cyclothymia at some point in their life. Onset is typically in late childhood to early adulthood and males and females are affected equally often.\r\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\r\n<h3>Key Takeaways:\u00a0Cyclothymic Disorder<\/h3>\r\n<iframe title=\"27. Cyclothymic Disorder\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1291226490031832098\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"598\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/6a4a595b-0b83-4278-b8cd-a93374b00eac\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\r\n<strong>cyclothymic disorder: <\/strong>a mental disorder considered to be a less extreme form of bipolar disorder characterized by\u00a0numerous periods of symptoms of depression and periods of symptoms of hypomania\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe cyclothymic disorder<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Cyclothymia<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_3304\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3304\" class=\"wp-image-3304 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5351\/2020\/07\/14211004\/Mania_and_melancholia_Wellcome_L0026687_and_L0026686-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A drawing of two faces. One face is seen having a manic episode, and the other wear\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-3304\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.\u00a0<\/strong>Cyclothymia is characterized by fluctuations between depressive symptoms and symptoms of hypomania, but it is less severe than bipolar disorder.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Cyclothymic disorder<\/strong> is a mental disorder that involves numerous periods of symptoms of depression and periods of symptoms of hypomania. Symptoms, however, are not sufficient to be a major depressive episode or a hypomanic episode. Symptoms must last for more than one year in children and two years in adults.<\/p>\n<p>Cyclothymia is classified in\u00a0DSM-5\u00a0as a subtype of bipolar disorder. The criteria are listed below:<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders\u00a0: DSM-5\u00a0(5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 2013.\u00a0ISBN\u00a0978-0-89042-554-1.\" id=\"return-footnote-547-1\" href=\"#footnote-547-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-DSM_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>periods of elevated mood and depressive symptoms for at least half the time during the last two years for adults and one year for children and teenagers<\/li>\n<li>periods of stable moods last only two months at most<\/li>\n<li>symptoms create significant problems in one or more areas of life<\/li>\n<li>symptoms do not meet the criteria for bipolar disorder, major depression, or another mental disorder<\/li>\n<li>symptoms are not caused by substance use or a medical condition<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>People with cyclothymia experience both depressive phases and hypomanic phases (which are less severe than a full hypomanic episode). The depressive and manic symptoms in cyclothymia last for variable amounts of time due to the unstable and reactive nature of the disorder. The depressive phases are similar to major depressive disorder and are characterized by dulled thoughts and sensations and the lack of motivation for intellectual or social activities. Most people with cyclothymia are generally fatigued and tend to sleep frequently and for long periods of time. However, other people experience insomnia.\u00a0Cyclothymia differs from bipolar in that major depression, mania, or hypomania have never occurred.<\/p>\n<p>The cause of cyclothymia is unknown. Risk factors include a family history of bipolar disorder. First-degree relatives of people with cyclothymia have major depression disorder (MDD), Bipolar I disorder (BD I), and Bipolar II disorder (BD II) more often than the general population. Individuals may also have a history of higher risks for substance-related disorders within the family.\u00a0 First-degree relatives of a BD I individuals may have a higher risk of cyclothymic disorder than the general population.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Treatment is generally with counseling and mood stabilizers such as lithium. It is estimated that 0.4%-1% of people have cyclothymia at some point in their life. Onset is typically in late childhood to early adulthood and males and females are affected equally often.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Takeaways:\u00a0Cyclothymic Disorder<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"27. Cyclothymic Disorder\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1291226490031832098\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"598\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_6a4a595b-0b83-4278-b8cd-a93374b00eac\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/6a4a595b-0b83-4278-b8cd-a93374b00eac?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_6a4a595b-0b83-4278-b8cd-a93374b00eac\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\n<p><strong>cyclothymic disorder: <\/strong>a mental disorder considered to be a less extreme form of bipolar disorder characterized by\u00a0numerous periods of symptoms of depression and periods of symptoms of hypomania<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-547\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Cyclolthymia. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikipedia. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyclothymia\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyclothymia<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Mania and melancholia. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Augurar. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mania_and_melancholia_Wellcome_L0026687_and_L0026686.jpg\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mania_and_melancholia_Wellcome_L0026687_and_L0026686.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-547-1\"><span class=\"cs1-lock-registration\" title=\"Free registration required\"><i>Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders\u00a0: DSM-5<\/i><\/span>\u00a0(5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 2013.\u00a0ISBN\u00a0978-0-89042-554-1. <a href=\"#return-footnote-547-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":29,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Cyclolthymia\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Wikipedia\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyclothymia\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Mania and melancholia\",\"author\":\"Augurar\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mania_and_melancholia_Wellcome_L0026687_and_L0026686.jpg\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"bdd05e37-b596-4bc3-8b90-bd3094014aeb, 5794b592-1287-4f55-8e6e-2ba4d490ab27","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-547","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":146,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/547","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/547\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7511,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/547\/revisions\/7511"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/146"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/547\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=547"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=547"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=547"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-abnormalpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=547"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}