{"id":20,"date":"2017-04-15T03:14:45","date_gmt":"2017-04-15T03:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/conceptstest1\/chapter\/introduction\/"},"modified":"2019-06-27T14:46:10","modified_gmt":"2019-06-27T14:46:10","slug":"introduction","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/chapter\/introduction\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to Types of Statistical Studies","rendered":"Introduction to Types of Statistical Studies"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>What you'll learn to do: Describe various types of statistical studies and the types of conclusions that are appropriate.<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1959 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1768\/2017\/04\/27130035\/Statistical-Investigation1-300x181.png\" alt=\"This flow chart shows the four steps of a statistical investigation\" width=\"400\" height=\"242\" \/>\r\n\r\nIn statistical studies, the type of study design used and the details of the design are important in determining what kind of conclusions we may draw from the results. In particular, simply observing an association between two variables \u2013 say, smoking and cancer \u2013 does not guarantee that one variable causes the other. In this section, we will explore how the details of a study design play a crucial role in determining our ability to establish evidence of causation.\r\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2><div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1xboTceg7qd_UjyxWo3jew2WXSz0Fw9tU7nJRyS3EOAU\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a>","rendered":"<h2>What you&#8217;ll learn to do: Describe various types of statistical studies and the types of conclusions that are appropriate.<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1959 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1768\/2017\/04\/27130035\/Statistical-Investigation1-300x181.png\" alt=\"This flow chart shows the four steps of a statistical investigation\" width=\"400\" height=\"242\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In statistical studies, the type of study design used and the details of the design are important in determining what kind of conclusions we may draw from the results. In particular, simply observing an association between two variables \u2013 say, smoking and cancer \u2013 does not guarantee that one variable causes the other. In this section, we will explore how the details of a study design play a crucial role in determining our ability to establish evidence of causation.<\/p>\n<h2>Contribute!<\/h2>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Did you have an idea for improving this content? We\u2019d love your input.<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1xboTceg7qd_UjyxWo3jew2WXSz0Fw9tU7nJRyS3EOAU\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 600; color: #077fab; text-decoration: none; border: 2px solid #077fab; border-radius: 7px; padding: 5px 25px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.5em;\">Improve this page<\/a><a style=\"margin-left: 16px;\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1vy-T6DtTF-BbMfpVEI7VP_R7w2A4anzYZLXR8Pk4Fu4\">Learn More<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-20\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Concepts in Statistics. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Open Learning Initiative. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/oli.cmu.edu\">http:\/\/oli.cmu.edu<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":163,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Concepts in Statistics\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"Open Learning Initiative\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/oli.cmu.edu\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"d9284aaa-c78c-42e5-aabf-dde103743483","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-20","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":18,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/20","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/163"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/20\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1967,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/20\/revisions\/1967"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/18"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/20\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=20"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=20"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-concepts-statistics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}