While the impacts of language on individual feelings and circumstances may, on the surface, seem insignificant (“sticks and stones,” as the adage goes), language can embody prejudice, discrimination, and status hierarchies. Words, like people and societies, have histories. Some words, such as racial slurs, are overtly bigoted, while others more subtly express longstanding stereotypes or attitudes about particular groups of people.

This section aims to offer different ways for us, as scholars and citizens of the world, to be intentional about and ethical in the language we use.

Because terms and preferences vary and change, these should only be considered general guidelines. Language, especially language about people, is always contextual. By considering the context of the writing situation—thinking about the writer, the purpose, the medium, and the audience—we can find the most appropriate, respectful, and inclusive language for the situation.