{"id":2719,"date":"2021-09-23T17:24:24","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T17:24:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomp2\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2719"},"modified":"2022-01-07T20:00:49","modified_gmt":"2022-01-07T20:00:49","slug":"putting-it-together-working-with-literature","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomp2\/chapter\/putting-it-together-working-with-literature\/","title":{"raw":"Putting It Together: Working with Literature","rendered":"Putting It Together: Working with Literature"},"content":{"raw":"<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Point of view<\/strong> usually asks:\u00a0who is telling the story?\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The three main points of view are\u00a0<strong>first person\u00a0<\/strong>(\"I\"),\u00a0<strong>second person<\/strong> (\"you\"), and\u00a0<strong>third person<\/strong> (\"they\/she\/he\")<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Unreliable narrators<\/strong> cannot be trusted to present the story accurately<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>To understand perspective in fiction, it's important to understand the characters.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The\u00a0<strong>protagonist<\/strong>\u00a0is the leading character (the \"hero\" of the story). The\u00a0<strong>antagonist<\/strong>\u00a0opposes them.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The <strong>plot<\/strong> is made up of all the main events of a story in order.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>In the\u00a0Western tradition, a standard plot structure passes through five phases:\u00a0<strong>Exposition,\u00a0Rising Action,\u00a0Climax,\u00a0Falling Action,\u00a0Resolution\/Denouement<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>In\u00a0<strong>comedy,<\/strong>\u00a0something has improved\u00a0in the main character\u2019s life by the end of the story. <strong>Tragedy<\/strong> involves downfall or death for the main character.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Poetry<\/strong> is difficult to define, but is generally differentiated from <strong>prose<\/strong> by its formal structure.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>A poem has\u00a0<strong>lines<\/strong> and can have\u00a0<strong>stanzas\u00a0<\/strong>(clusters of lines)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Meter<\/strong>\u00a0refers to the rhythm of a line. A <strong>foot<\/strong> refers to a group of syllables in a poem.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Poets frequently use\u00a0<strong>rhyme<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong>but don't have to.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Poetic <strong>devices <\/strong>include\u00a0<strong>Imagery,\u00a0Alliteration,\u00a0Assonance,\u00a0Personification, Simile\/Metaphor,\u00a0Onomatopoeia, <\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>Repetition<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Plays follow many of the same plot points as fiction, but live performance is\u00a0<strong>immediate<\/strong> (experienced live) and<strong> ephemeral<\/strong>\u00a0(once it's over, it's over).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In film, when a camera records images, it produces\u00a0<strong>shots<\/strong>, which are spliced together by\u00a0<strong>cuts<\/strong>\u00a0in a process called\u00a0<strong>editing<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In film, <strong>diegetic sound<\/strong>\u00a0appears to emanate from the action portrayed on the screen, whereas <strong>non-diegetic sound<\/strong> (usually music) on a soundtrack would presumably not be heard by the characters in the fiction of the portrayed scene.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Literary criticism<\/strong> has a habit of taking everyday words and using them in very specific and sometimes counterintuitive ways.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Some of the words used this way include\u00a0Criticism,\u00a0Theory,\u00a0School, Reading, and\u00a0Canon<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Author-focused<\/strong> schools of literary criticism include biographical and psychological criticism.\u00a0<strong>Text-focused<\/strong> include formalism and New Criticism.\u00a0<strong>Reader-focused<\/strong> schools include reader-response criticism.\u00a0<strong>Context-focused<\/strong> schools include historical, feminist, and post-colonial criticism as well as critical race theory.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Writing about literature requires keeping a few things in mind, including remembering to <strong>analyze<\/strong>, not review, the text.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Your thesis must make an <strong>argument<\/strong>, not just an observation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>When writing about literature, it's important to back up your claims with sufficient\u00a0<strong>textual evidence.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<ul>\n<li><strong>Point of view<\/strong> usually asks:\u00a0who is telling the story?\n<ul>\n<li>The three main points of view are\u00a0<strong>first person\u00a0<\/strong>(&#8220;I&#8221;),\u00a0<strong>second person<\/strong> (&#8220;you&#8221;), and\u00a0<strong>third person<\/strong> (&#8220;they\/she\/he&#8221;)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Unreliable narrators<\/strong> cannot be trusted to present the story accurately<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>To understand perspective in fiction, it&#8217;s important to understand the characters.\n<ul>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>protagonist<\/strong>\u00a0is the leading character (the &#8220;hero&#8221; of the story). The\u00a0<strong>antagonist<\/strong>\u00a0opposes them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>plot<\/strong> is made up of all the main events of a story in order.\n<ul>\n<li>In the\u00a0Western tradition, a standard plot structure passes through five phases:\u00a0<strong>Exposition,\u00a0Rising Action,\u00a0Climax,\u00a0Falling Action,\u00a0Resolution\/Denouement<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>In\u00a0<strong>comedy,<\/strong>\u00a0something has improved\u00a0in the main character\u2019s life by the end of the story. <strong>Tragedy<\/strong> involves downfall or death for the main character.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Poetry<\/strong> is difficult to define, but is generally differentiated from <strong>prose<\/strong> by its formal structure.\n<ul>\n<li>A poem has\u00a0<strong>lines<\/strong> and can have\u00a0<strong>stanzas\u00a0<\/strong>(clusters of lines)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Meter<\/strong>\u00a0refers to the rhythm of a line. A <strong>foot<\/strong> refers to a group of syllables in a poem.<\/li>\n<li>Poets frequently use\u00a0<strong>rhyme<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong>but don&#8217;t have to.<\/li>\n<li>Poetic <strong>devices <\/strong>include\u00a0<strong>Imagery,\u00a0Alliteration,\u00a0Assonance,\u00a0Personification, Simile\/Metaphor,\u00a0Onomatopoeia, <\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>Repetition<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Plays follow many of the same plot points as fiction, but live performance is\u00a0<strong>immediate<\/strong> (experienced live) and<strong> ephemeral<\/strong>\u00a0(once it&#8217;s over, it&#8217;s over).<\/li>\n<li>In film, when a camera records images, it produces\u00a0<strong>shots<\/strong>, which are spliced together by\u00a0<strong>cuts<\/strong>\u00a0in a process called\u00a0<strong>editing<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>In film, <strong>diegetic sound<\/strong>\u00a0appears to emanate from the action portrayed on the screen, whereas <strong>non-diegetic sound<\/strong> (usually music) on a soundtrack would presumably not be heard by the characters in the fiction of the portrayed scene.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Literary criticism<\/strong> has a habit of taking everyday words and using them in very specific and sometimes counterintuitive ways.\n<ul>\n<li>Some of the words used this way include\u00a0Criticism,\u00a0Theory,\u00a0School, Reading, and\u00a0Canon<\/li>\n<li><strong>Author-focused<\/strong> schools of literary criticism include biographical and psychological criticism.\u00a0<strong>Text-focused<\/strong> include formalism and New Criticism.\u00a0<strong>Reader-focused<\/strong> schools include reader-response criticism.\u00a0<strong>Context-focused<\/strong> schools include historical, feminist, and post-colonial criticism as well as critical race theory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Writing about literature requires keeping a few things in mind, including remembering to <strong>analyze<\/strong>, not review, the text.\n<ul>\n<li>Your thesis must make an <strong>argument<\/strong>, not just an observation.<\/li>\n<li>When writing about literature, it&#8217;s important to back up your claims with sufficient\u00a0<strong>textual evidence.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2719\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">Lumen Learning authored content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Putting It Together: Working with Literature. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t 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