{"id":510,"date":"2021-03-30T18:00:53","date_gmt":"2021-03-30T18:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomp2\/?post_type=chapter&p=510"},"modified":"2022-07-25T19:31:26","modified_gmt":"2022-07-25T19:31:26","slug":"quotation-paraphrase-summary","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-englishcomp2\/chapter\/quotation-paraphrase-summary\/","title":{"raw":"Quotation, Paraphrase, Summary","rendered":"Quotation, Paraphrase, Summary"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n

Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\nRecognize the difference between quotation, paraphrase, and summary\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nIn research-based academic writing, you should plan to use a variety of sources. Sources help to establish your ethos<\/em>, or credibility as a writer. While you might use prior knowledge in the drafting stage, it is important to use external sources to back up your claims when writing a research paper. There are three common strategies to display sources in your writing: quotation, paraphrase, and summary.\r\n
    \r\n \t
  • Quoting text:<\/strong>\u00a0copying the source\u2019s exact words and marking them off with quotation marks or in a block quote<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Paraphrasing text:<\/strong>\u00a0representing the source\u2019s ideas in your own words (without quotation marks)<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Summarizing text:<\/strong>\u00a0representing the source\u2019s main ideas in your own words (without quotation marks)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nLet\u2019s review quotation, paraphrase, and summary by considering this chart:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
    What\u2019s the difference between quotation, paraphrase, and summary?<\/caption>\r\n
    Quotation<\/th>\r\nParaphrase<\/th>\r\nSummary<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Uses the same words<\/strong> as the original source.<\/td>\r\nUses your original wording<\/strong>; reflects the same details of the original source.<\/td>\r\nUses your wording<\/strong>; reflects only the main idea and major details of the original source.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Length<\/strong> (and wording) is the same<\/strong> as the original source selection.<\/td>\r\nLength is similar<\/strong> to the original source selection.<\/td>\r\nLength will vary, but is shorter<\/strong> than the original source selection.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Maintains the author\u2019s original voice<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\nRephrases the author\u2019s ideas in your own voice.<\/strong><\/td>\r\nProvides your synopsis<\/strong> of the author\u2019s ideas.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Enclosed by quotation marks<\/strong> or in a block quote (see next page).<\/td>\r\nDoes not use quotation marks<\/strong>, unless words or phrases of the original are quoted directly.<\/td>\r\nDoes not use quotation marks<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    All three styles (quotation, paraphrase, summary) still need to cite<\/strong> the original source (see section on citation for more details).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
    Particularly useful for making a point about the way something was said<\/strong> originally.\u00a0Provides evidence while maintaining accuracy of the original writer\u2019s ideas.<\/td>\r\nParticularly useful for incorporating ideas from other authors in your own voice. Doesn't disrupt the flow of your writing<\/strong> like quotations can.<\/td>\r\nParticularly useful for working with longer<\/strong> texts<\/strong>, multi-part arguments, or ideas that need some explanation<\/strong> and<\/strong> interpretation<\/strong> to be incorporated effectively.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n
    <\/div>\r\nFrom this chart, we can conclude that:\r\n
      \r\n \t
    • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers employ quotations when the original wording is particularly telling or important.<\/li>\r\n \t
    • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers paraphrase to maintain their own voice while integrating source content.<\/li>\r\n \t
    • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers summarize when needing to explain the main idea or major details of a long source.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nChoose a direct quote<\/strong>\u00a0when it is more likely to be accurate than would summarizing or paraphrasing, when what you\u2019re quoting is the text you\u2019re analyzing, when a direct quote is more concise that a summary or paraphrase would be and conciseness matters, when the author is a particular authority whose exact words would lend credence to your argument, and when the author has used particularly effective language that is just too good to pass up.\r\n\r\nChoose to paraphrase or summarize<\/strong>\u00a0rather than to quote directly when the meaning is more important than the particular language the author used.\r\n\r\nChoose to paraphrase instead of summarizing<\/strong>\u00a0when you need details and specificity.\u00a0Paraphrasing lets you emphasize the ideas in source materials that are most related to your term paper or essay instead of the exact language the author used.\u00a0It also lets you simplify complex material, sometimes rewording to use language that is more understandable to your reader.\r\n\r\nChoose to summarize instead of paraphrasing<\/strong>\u00a0when you need to provide a brief overview of a larger text. Summaries let you condense the resource material to draw out particular points, omit unrelated or unimportant points, and simplify how the author conveyed his or her message.\r\n
      \r\n

      Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/b61a0e09-f7a1-476c-9047-9ea0fc12b2fb\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n ","rendered":"
      \n

      Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n

      Recognize the difference between quotation, paraphrase, and summary<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      In research-based academic writing, you should plan to use a variety of sources. Sources help to establish your ethos<\/em>, or credibility as a writer. While you might use prior knowledge in the drafting stage, it is important to use external sources to back up your claims when writing a research paper. There are three common strategies to display sources in your writing: quotation, paraphrase, and summary.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Quoting text:<\/strong>\u00a0copying the source\u2019s exact words and marking them off with quotation marks or in a block quote<\/li>\n
      • Paraphrasing text:<\/strong>\u00a0representing the source\u2019s ideas in your own words (without quotation marks)<\/li>\n
      • Summarizing text:<\/strong>\u00a0representing the source\u2019s main ideas in your own words (without quotation marks)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Let\u2019s review quotation, paraphrase, and summary by considering this chart:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        What\u2019s the difference between quotation, paraphrase, and summary?<\/caption>\n
        Quotation<\/th>\nParaphrase<\/th>\nSummary<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
        Uses the same words<\/strong> as the original source.<\/td>\nUses your original wording<\/strong>; reflects the same details of the original source.<\/td>\nUses your wording<\/strong>; reflects only the main idea and major details of the original source.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Length<\/strong> (and wording) is the same<\/strong> as the original source selection.<\/td>\nLength is similar<\/strong> to the original source selection.<\/td>\nLength will vary, but is shorter<\/strong> than the original source selection.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Maintains the author\u2019s original voice<\/strong>.<\/td>\nRephrases the author\u2019s ideas in your own voice.<\/strong><\/td>\nProvides your synopsis<\/strong> of the author\u2019s ideas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Enclosed by quotation marks<\/strong> or in a block quote (see next page).<\/td>\nDoes not use quotation marks<\/strong>, unless words or phrases of the original are quoted directly.<\/td>\nDoes not use quotation marks<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        All three styles (quotation, paraphrase, summary) still need to cite<\/strong> the original source (see section on citation for more details).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Particularly useful for making a point about the way something was said<\/strong> originally.\u00a0Provides evidence while maintaining accuracy of the original writer\u2019s ideas.<\/td>\nParticularly useful for incorporating ideas from other authors in your own voice. Doesn’t disrupt the flow of your writing<\/strong> like quotations can.<\/td>\nParticularly useful for working with longer<\/strong> texts<\/strong>, multi-part arguments, or ideas that need some explanation<\/strong> and<\/strong> interpretation<\/strong> to be incorporated effectively.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        <\/div>\n

        From this chart, we can conclude that:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers employ quotations when the original wording is particularly telling or important.<\/li>\n
        • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers paraphrase to maintain their own voice while integrating source content.<\/li>\n
        • \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Writers summarize when needing to explain the main idea or major details of a long source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Choose a direct quote<\/strong>\u00a0when it is more likely to be accurate than would summarizing or paraphrasing, when what you\u2019re quoting is the text you\u2019re analyzing, when a direct quote is more concise that a summary or paraphrase would be and conciseness matters, when the author is a particular authority whose exact words would lend credence to your argument, and when the author has used particularly effective language that is just too good to pass up.<\/p>\n

          Choose to paraphrase or summarize<\/strong>\u00a0rather than to quote directly when the meaning is more important than the particular language the author used.<\/p>\n

          Choose to paraphrase instead of summarizing<\/strong>\u00a0when you need details and specificity.\u00a0Paraphrasing lets you emphasize the ideas in source materials that are most related to your term paper or essay instead of the exact language the author used.\u00a0It also lets you simplify complex material, sometimes rewording to use language that is more understandable to your reader.<\/p>\n

          Choose to summarize instead of paraphrasing<\/strong>\u00a0when you need to provide a brief overview of a larger text. Summaries let you condense the resource material to draw out particular points, omit unrelated or unimportant points, and simplify how the author conveyed his or her message.<\/p>\n

          \n

          Try It<\/h3>\n

          \t