{"id":7936,"date":"2016-10-21T18:41:47","date_gmt":"2016-10-21T18:41:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/masterybusiness2xngcxmasterspring2016\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=7936"},"modified":"2024-05-07T16:20:22","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T16:20:22","slug":"consumer-protection","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/chapter\/consumer-protection\/","title":{"raw":"Consumer Protection","rendered":"Consumer Protection"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Explain why consumer protection legislation is needed<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Summarize several consumer protection laws<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Importance of Consumer Protection Law<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-8106\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/143\/2016\/10\/28195015\/253659858_0ae8f52449_o.jpg\" alt=\"A baby in a crib\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/>Accounting for roughly 70% of GDP in 2018, consumer spending is essential to the health of the U.S. economy and the country\u2019s relative political stability, prosperity, and quality of life. What would happen if the American consumer lost faith in manufacturers... in retailers... in providers of goods and services ranging from aircraft and automobiles to a broad range of agricultural and consumer packaged goods? That would put the $13 trillion consumers spent in 2018 at risk.\r\n\r\nFor perspective, that dollar figure dwarfs the (albeit substantial) $700 billion the Treasury spent on the 2008 bank bailout. The lack of ethics, ineffective standards, and outright fraud that contributed to the economic crisis isn\u2019t limited to the financial sector. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture\u2019s Food Safety and Inspection Service reported 456 food recalls in 2017.[footnote]Maberry, Tiffany. \"A Look Back at 2017 Food Recalls.\" Food Safety Magazine. February 6, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodsafetymagazine.com\/enewsletter\/a-look-back-at-2017-food-recalls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.foodsafetymagazine.com\/enewsletter\/a-look-back-at-2017-food-recalls\/<\/a>.[\/footnote] In the consumer durables category, The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported 30.7 million motor vehicle recalls in 2017. Forbes contributor Jim Gorzelany puts that in perspective, noting that with 17.6 million new vehicles sold in 2017, the industry recalled approximately 74% more cars and truck than it delivered.[footnote]Gorzelany, Jim. \"Auto Recalls Hit A Four-Year Low Last Year, But Still Exceed Units Sold.\" Forbes. March 13, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jimgorzelany\/2018\/03\/13\/auto-recalls-hit-a-four-year-low-last-year-still-exceed-units-sold\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jimgorzelany\/2018\/03\/13\/auto-recalls-hit-a-four-year-low-last-year-still-exceed-units-sold\/<\/a>.[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nClearly, <em>caveat emptor<\/em>, a Latin term translated as \"let the buyer beware,\" applies as much to modern commerce as it did when it first emerged as a legal principle in a 1603 case that drew a distinction between warranties and affirmations. However, this phrase is insufficient for consumer safety, and consumer protections are essential to maintain consumer confidence and the health of the economy and society.\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Practice Question<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/60aad839-a260-434c-a9b8-07ed0cc8954e\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Consumer Protection Laws<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-7940\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/143\/2016\/10\/21184802\/CDCA_auto_repair_notice.jpg\" alt=\"Consumer protection sings on display in an automotive repair shop\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" \/>There are several consumer protection laws. In the United States, these laws are mainly enforced by\u00a0The Federal Trade Commission, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, FDA, &amp; US Department of Justice. Consumer protection legislation includes statutes that address the following:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Product Safety<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Consumer Credit<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Automotive Safety<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Product Safety<\/h3>\r\nThe federal Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) established the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Consumer Product Safety Commission<\/a> and authorized the agency to develop and enforce standards, including the right to ban products.[footnote]\"Consumer Product Safety Act.\" Consumer Product Safety Commission. August 12, 2011. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/PageFiles\/105435\/cpsa.pdf?epslanguage=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/PageFiles\/105435\/cpsa.pdf<\/a>.[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nThe federal Food and Drug Act (FDA) mandates regulation of food, drugs, cosmetics, biologics, medical products, and tobacco. The FDA\u2019s authority includes public education, investigation, and enforcement.\r\n<h3>Consumer Credit<\/h3>\r\nThe federal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consumer.ftc.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/articles\/pdf\/pdf-0096-fair-credit-reporting-act.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Credit Reporting Act<\/a> (FCRA) promotes the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of information in the files of consumer reporting agencies. The act requires credit reporting agencies, such as Experian and Transunion, to allow consumers to review their credit data on file and to verify any information disputed by a consumer. Here are some excerpts from the FTC\u2019s summary of rights under the act:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You must be told if information in your file has been used against you.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the right to know what is in your file.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the right to dispute incomplete or inaccurate information.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAn amendment to the law, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/PLAW-108publ159\/html\/PLAW-108publ159.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act<\/a>, allows consumers to obtain one free credit report (not to be confused with your credit score) annually. To request your free report, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.annualcreditreport.com\/index.action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.annualcreditreport.com<\/a>.\r\n<h3>Automotive Safety<\/h3>\r\nThe Highway Safety Act established the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), an organization charged with \u201cpromoting vehicle safety innovations, addressing vehicle defects, setting safety standards for cars and trucks, and educating Americans to help them make safer choices when driving, riding, or walking.\u201d[footnote]\"Understanding the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).\" US Department of Transportation. January 26, 2017. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/transition\/understanding-national-highway-traffic-safety-administration-nhtsa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/transition\/understanding-national-highway-traffic-safety-administration-nhtsa<\/a>.[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nAlthough deceptive trade practices are addressed under antitrust legislation, it\u2019s worth highlighting California\u2019s Consumers Legal Remedies Act, which identifies a broad range of unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices used in the sale or lease of consumer goods or services and allows consumers to sue to recover damages and stop the prohibited practices.[footnote]\"Civil Code CIV - Division 3 - Part 4 - Title 1.5 - Chapter 3.\" California Legislative Information. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&amp;division=3.&amp;title=1.5.&amp;part=4.&amp;chapter=3.&amp;article=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&amp;division=3.&amp;title=1.5.&amp;part=4.&amp;chapter=3.&amp;article=<\/a>.[\/footnote]\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Practice Question<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/3dfd0353-a0a0-458f-a742-499f98226f85\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Explain why consumer protection legislation is needed<\/li>\n<li>Summarize several consumer protection laws<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Importance of Consumer Protection Law<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-8106\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/143\/2016\/10\/28195015\/253659858_0ae8f52449_o.jpg\" alt=\"A baby in a crib\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/>Accounting for roughly 70% of GDP in 2018, consumer spending is essential to the health of the U.S. economy and the country\u2019s relative political stability, prosperity, and quality of life. What would happen if the American consumer lost faith in manufacturers&#8230; in retailers&#8230; in providers of goods and services ranging from aircraft and automobiles to a broad range of agricultural and consumer packaged goods? That would put the $13 trillion consumers spent in 2018 at risk.<\/p>\n<p>For perspective, that dollar figure dwarfs the (albeit substantial) $700 billion the Treasury spent on the 2008 bank bailout. The lack of ethics, ineffective standards, and outright fraud that contributed to the economic crisis isn\u2019t limited to the financial sector. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture\u2019s Food Safety and Inspection Service reported 456 food recalls in 2017.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Maberry, Tiffany. &quot;A Look Back at 2017 Food Recalls.&quot; Food Safety Magazine. February 6, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. https:\/\/www.foodsafetymagazine.com\/enewsletter\/a-look-back-at-2017-food-recalls\/.\" id=\"return-footnote-7936-1\" href=\"#footnote-7936-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a> In the consumer durables category, The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported 30.7 million motor vehicle recalls in 2017. Forbes contributor Jim Gorzelany puts that in perspective, noting that with 17.6 million new vehicles sold in 2017, the industry recalled approximately 74% more cars and truck than it delivered.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Gorzelany, Jim. &quot;Auto Recalls Hit A Four-Year Low Last Year, But Still Exceed Units Sold.&quot; Forbes. March 13, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jimgorzelany\/2018\/03\/13\/auto-recalls-hit-a-four-year-low-last-year-still-exceed-units-sold\/.\" id=\"return-footnote-7936-2\" href=\"#footnote-7936-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Clearly, <em>caveat emptor<\/em>, a Latin term translated as &#8220;let the buyer beware,&#8221; applies as much to modern commerce as it did when it first emerged as a legal principle in a 1603 case that drew a distinction between warranties and affirmations. However, this phrase is insufficient for consumer safety, and consumer protections are essential to maintain consumer confidence and the health of the economy and society.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Practice Question<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_60aad839-a260-434c-a9b8-07ed0cc8954e\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/60aad839-a260-434c-a9b8-07ed0cc8954e?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_60aad839-a260-434c-a9b8-07ed0cc8954e\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Consumer Protection Laws<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-7940\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/143\/2016\/10\/21184802\/CDCA_auto_repair_notice.jpg\" alt=\"Consumer protection sings on display in an automotive repair shop\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" \/>There are several consumer protection laws. In the United States, these laws are mainly enforced by\u00a0The Federal Trade Commission, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, FDA, &amp; US Department of Justice. Consumer protection legislation includes statutes that address the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Product Safety<\/li>\n<li>Consumer Credit<\/li>\n<li>Automotive Safety<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Product Safety<\/h3>\n<p>The federal Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) established the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Consumer Product Safety Commission<\/a> and authorized the agency to develop and enforce standards, including the right to ban products.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;Consumer Product Safety Act.&quot; Consumer Product Safety Commission. August 12, 2011. Accessed June 12, 2019. https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/PageFiles\/105435\/cpsa.pdf.\" id=\"return-footnote-7936-3\" href=\"#footnote-7936-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The federal Food and Drug Act (FDA) mandates regulation of food, drugs, cosmetics, biologics, medical products, and tobacco. The FDA\u2019s authority includes public education, investigation, and enforcement.<\/p>\n<h3>Consumer Credit<\/h3>\n<p>The federal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consumer.ftc.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/articles\/pdf\/pdf-0096-fair-credit-reporting-act.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Credit Reporting Act<\/a> (FCRA) promotes the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of information in the files of consumer reporting agencies. The act requires credit reporting agencies, such as Experian and Transunion, to allow consumers to review their credit data on file and to verify any information disputed by a consumer. Here are some excerpts from the FTC\u2019s summary of rights under the act:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You must be told if information in your file has been used against you.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the right to know what is in your file.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the right to dispute incomplete or inaccurate information.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>An amendment to the law, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/PLAW-108publ159\/html\/PLAW-108publ159.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act<\/a>, allows consumers to obtain one free credit report (not to be confused with your credit score) annually. To request your free report, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.annualcreditreport.com\/index.action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.annualcreditreport.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Automotive Safety<\/h3>\n<p>The Highway Safety Act established the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), an organization charged with \u201cpromoting vehicle safety innovations, addressing vehicle defects, setting safety standards for cars and trucks, and educating Americans to help them make safer choices when driving, riding, or walking.\u201d<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;Understanding the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).&quot; US Department of Transportation. January 26, 2017. Accessed June 12, 2019. https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/transition\/understanding-national-highway-traffic-safety-administration-nhtsa.\" id=\"return-footnote-7936-4\" href=\"#footnote-7936-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Although deceptive trade practices are addressed under antitrust legislation, it\u2019s worth highlighting California\u2019s Consumers Legal Remedies Act, which identifies a broad range of unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices used in the sale or lease of consumer goods or services and allows consumers to sue to recover damages and stop the prohibited practices.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;Civil Code CIV - Division 3 - Part 4 - Title 1.5 - Chapter 3.&quot; California Legislative Information. Accessed June 12, 2019. https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&amp;division=3.&amp;title=1.5.&amp;part=4.&amp;chapter=3.&amp;article=.\" id=\"return-footnote-7936-5\" href=\"#footnote-7936-5\" aria-label=\"Footnote 5\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Practice Question<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_3dfd0353-a0a0-458f-a742-499f98226f85\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/3dfd0353-a0a0-458f-a742-499f98226f85?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_3dfd0353-a0a0-458f-a742-499f98226f85\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-7936\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Consumer Protection. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Nina Burokas. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Crib. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Valentina Powers. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/valentinap\/253659858\/\">https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/valentinap\/253659858\/<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>CDCA auto repair notice. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Coolcaesar. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:CDCA_auto_repair_notice.jpg\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:CDCA_auto_repair_notice.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-7936-1\">Maberry, Tiffany. \"A Look Back at 2017 Food Recalls.\" Food Safety Magazine. February 6, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodsafetymagazine.com\/enewsletter\/a-look-back-at-2017-food-recalls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.foodsafetymagazine.com\/enewsletter\/a-look-back-at-2017-food-recalls\/<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-7936-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-7936-2\">Gorzelany, Jim. \"Auto Recalls Hit A Four-Year Low Last Year, But Still Exceed Units Sold.\" Forbes. March 13, 2018. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jimgorzelany\/2018\/03\/13\/auto-recalls-hit-a-four-year-low-last-year-still-exceed-units-sold\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jimgorzelany\/2018\/03\/13\/auto-recalls-hit-a-four-year-low-last-year-still-exceed-units-sold\/<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-7936-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-7936-3\">\"Consumer Product Safety Act.\" Consumer Product Safety Commission. August 12, 2011. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/PageFiles\/105435\/cpsa.pdf?epslanguage=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/PageFiles\/105435\/cpsa.pdf<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-7936-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-7936-4\">\"Understanding the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).\" US Department of Transportation. January 26, 2017. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/transition\/understanding-national-highway-traffic-safety-administration-nhtsa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/transition\/understanding-national-highway-traffic-safety-administration-nhtsa<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-7936-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-7936-5\">\"Civil Code CIV - Division 3 - Part 4 - Title 1.5 - Chapter 3.\" California Legislative Information. Accessed June 12, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&amp;division=3.&amp;title=1.5.&amp;part=4.&amp;chapter=3.&amp;article=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=CIV&amp;division=3.&amp;title=1.5.&amp;part=4.&amp;chapter=3.&amp;article=<\/a>. <a href=\"#return-footnote-7936-5\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 5\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":114,"menu_order":20,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Consumer Protection\",\"author\":\"Nina Burokas\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Crib\",\"author\":\"Valentina Powers\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/valentinap\/253659858\/\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"CDCA auto repair notice\",\"author\":\"Coolcaesar\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:CDCA_auto_repair_notice.jpg\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by-sa\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"6c72c5d5-1bd1-431d-8526-f708863f0ac2, 228d6f85-5429-4a98-a639-94cd21da966f, 9f355fef-6c71-4415-a3ce-47090a045b5e","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-7936","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":84,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/114"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7936\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15438,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7936\/revisions\/15438"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/84"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7936\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=7936"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=7936"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-introductiontobusiness\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=7936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}