{"id":1732,"date":"2018-03-22T18:01:25","date_gmt":"2018-03-22T18:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1732"},"modified":"2024-04-26T18:12:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T18:12:07","slug":"other-uses-of-fungi","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/chapter\/other-uses-of-fungi\/","title":{"raw":"Fungi as Fuel","rendered":"Fungi as Fuel"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Discuss the use of fungi as alternative fuels<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nWhile the use of fungi as food or medicine is fairly well known, people often is overlook are the other uses for fungi. One of the newest uses of fungus is to make fuel.\r\n\r\nFor thousands of years, we have used yeast to make alcohol. In many countries around the world, ethanol is used to power cars. Since the 1970s Brazil has pioneered the use of ethanol or ethanol \/ gasoline mixes in their cars. It is just as common to fill up with gasoline as it is with ethanol.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1897\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"637\"]<img class=\" wp-image-1897\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2840\/2018\/03\/29173138\/7115247755_7398ace60e_b.jpg\" alt=\"A photograph of a gasoline and ethanol pump with three separate nozzles: one for ethanol, one for premium gasoline, and one for regular gasoline.\" width=\"637\" height=\"478\" \/> Figure 1. Ethanol and Gasoline pump in Brazil[\/caption]\r\n\r\nNew research has also looked at the use of fungi to produce <strong>mycodiesel<\/strong>. Gary Strobel at Live Science gave the following explanation of mycodiesel:\r\n<blockquote>\"Mycodiesel\" is a novel name applied to the volatile organic products made by fungi that have fuel potential. The latest discovery is that of an endophytic Hypoxylon\/Nodulosporium species, or one that lives within a plant, that makes the compound cineole along with a number of other cyclohexanes (colorless, flammable liquids found in petroleum crude oil and volcanic gases) and compounds with enormous fuel potential.[footnote]Strobel, Gary. \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/12977-micodiesel-future-fungus-fuel-ria.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fungi that Make Fuel Discovered<\/a>,\" Live Science, 25 Feb 2011. Web. 26 June 2018.[\/footnote]<\/blockquote>\r\nThe compound cineole is particularly interesting, as it can be mixed with gasoline (eight parts cineole to one part gasoline) and create a fuel that has an octane rating of 95.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]\u00a0 For reference, the average \"regular\" gasoline in the United States has an octane rating of 87.\r\n\r\nWhile the use of fungi is still a new idea, it could prove to be an exciting and eco-friendly alternative to the current fuels we use today.\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/dcbf832b-4e20-453a-9957-6ff6802b1208\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Discuss the use of fungi as alternative fuels<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>While the use of fungi as food or medicine is fairly well known, people often is overlook are the other uses for fungi. One of the newest uses of fungus is to make fuel.<\/p>\n<p>For thousands of years, we have used yeast to make alcohol. In many countries around the world, ethanol is used to power cars. Since the 1970s Brazil has pioneered the use of ethanol or ethanol \/ gasoline mixes in their cars. It is just as common to fill up with gasoline as it is with ethanol.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1897\" style=\"width: 647px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1897\" class=\"wp-image-1897\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2840\/2018\/03\/29173138\/7115247755_7398ace60e_b.jpg\" alt=\"A photograph of a gasoline and ethanol pump with three separate nozzles: one for ethanol, one for premium gasoline, and one for regular gasoline.\" width=\"637\" height=\"478\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1897\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. Ethanol and Gasoline pump in Brazil<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>New research has also looked at the use of fungi to produce <strong>mycodiesel<\/strong>. Gary Strobel at Live Science gave the following explanation of mycodiesel:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;Mycodiesel&#8221; is a novel name applied to the volatile organic products made by fungi that have fuel potential. The latest discovery is that of an endophytic Hypoxylon\/Nodulosporium species, or one that lives within a plant, that makes the compound cineole along with a number of other cyclohexanes (colorless, flammable liquids found in petroleum crude oil and volcanic gases) and compounds with enormous fuel potential.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Strobel, Gary. &quot;Fungi that Make Fuel Discovered,&quot; Live Science, 25 Feb 2011. Web. 26 June 2018.\" id=\"return-footnote-1732-1\" href=\"#footnote-1732-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The compound cineole is particularly interesting, as it can be mixed with gasoline (eight parts cineole to one part gasoline) and create a fuel that has an octane rating of 95.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Ibid.\" id=\"return-footnote-1732-2\" href=\"#footnote-1732-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 For reference, the average &#8220;regular&#8221; gasoline in the United States has an octane rating of 87.<\/p>\n<p>While the use of fungi is still a new idea, it could prove to be an exciting and eco-friendly alternative to the current fuels we use today.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_dcbf832b-4e20-453a-9957-6ff6802b1208\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/dcbf832b-4e20-453a-9957-6ff6802b1208?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_dcbf832b-4e20-453a-9957-6ff6802b1208\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-1732\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Fungi as Fuel. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Steven Mezik. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Ethanol fuel pump. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Harry Wood. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bQKvgr\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bQKvgr<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section><hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-1732-1\">Strobel, Gary. \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/12977-micodiesel-future-fungus-fuel-ria.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fungi that Make Fuel Discovered<\/a>,\" Live Science, 25 Feb 2011. Web. 26 June 2018. <a href=\"#return-footnote-1732-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-1732-2\">Ibid. <a href=\"#return-footnote-1732-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":17,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Fungi as Fuel\",\"author\":\"Steven Mezik\",\"organization\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Ethanol fuel pump\",\"author\":\"Harry Wood\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bQKvgr\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"937e396e-997a-4e13-94c0-96544e9e17c3, b838999a-0af6-4812-b516-c0ab80aeec35","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1732","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":372,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1732\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2977,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1732\/revisions\/2977"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/372"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1732\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1732"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1732"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}