{"id":656,"date":"2018-01-18T19:50:21","date_gmt":"2018-01-18T19:50:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/chapter\/complex-tissue-structure\/"},"modified":"2024-04-26T21:28:51","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T21:28:51","slug":"complex-tissue-structure","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/chapter\/complex-tissue-structure\/","title":{"raw":"Complex Tissue Structure","rendered":"Complex Tissue Structure"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Discuss the complex tissue structure found in animals<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nAs multicellular organisms, animals differ from plants and fungi because their cells don\u2019t have cell walls, their cells may be embedded in an extracellular matrix (such as bone, skin, or connective tissue), and their cells have unique structures for intercellular communication (such as gap junctions). In addition, animals possess unique tissues, absent in fungi and plants, which allow coordination (nerve tissue) of motility (muscle tissue). Animals are also characterized by specialized connective tissues that provide structural support for cells and organs. This connective tissue constitutes the extracellular surroundings of cells and is made up of organic and inorganic materials. In vertebrates, bone tissue is a type of connective tissue that supports the entire body structure. The complex bodies and activities of vertebrates demand such supportive tissues. Epithelial tissues cover, line, protect, and secrete. Epithelial tissues include the epidermis of the integument, the lining of the digestive tract and trachea, and make up the ducts of the liver and glands of advanced animals.\r\n\r\nThe animal kingdom is divided into Parazoa (sponges) and Eumetazoa (all other animals). As very simple animals, the organisms in group Parazoa (\u201cbeside animal\u201d) do not contain true specialized tissues; although they do possess specialized cells that perform different functions, those cells are not organized into tissues. These organisms are considered animals since they lack the ability to make their own food. Animals with true tissues are in the group Eumetazoa (\u201ctrue animals\u201d). When we think of animals, we usually think of Eumetazoans, since most animals fall into this category.\r\n\r\nThe different types of tissues in true animals are responsible for carrying out specific functions for the organism. This differentiation and specialization of tissues is part of what allows for such incredible animal diversity. For example, the evolution of nerve tissues and muscle tissues has resulted in animals\u2019 unique ability to rapidly sense and respond to changes in their environment. This allows animals to survive in environments where they must compete with other species to meet their nutritional demands.\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\nWatch a presentation by biologist E.O. Wilson on the importance of diversity.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/e-txR1WSPBs\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/60164897-ceb7-473f-a36d-ea913a3836db\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Outcomes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Discuss the complex tissue structure found in animals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>As multicellular organisms, animals differ from plants and fungi because their cells don\u2019t have cell walls, their cells may be embedded in an extracellular matrix (such as bone, skin, or connective tissue), and their cells have unique structures for intercellular communication (such as gap junctions). In addition, animals possess unique tissues, absent in fungi and plants, which allow coordination (nerve tissue) of motility (muscle tissue). Animals are also characterized by specialized connective tissues that provide structural support for cells and organs. This connective tissue constitutes the extracellular surroundings of cells and is made up of organic and inorganic materials. In vertebrates, bone tissue is a type of connective tissue that supports the entire body structure. The complex bodies and activities of vertebrates demand such supportive tissues. Epithelial tissues cover, line, protect, and secrete. Epithelial tissues include the epidermis of the integument, the lining of the digestive tract and trachea, and make up the ducts of the liver and glands of advanced animals.<\/p>\n<p>The animal kingdom is divided into Parazoa (sponges) and Eumetazoa (all other animals). As very simple animals, the organisms in group Parazoa (\u201cbeside animal\u201d) do not contain true specialized tissues; although they do possess specialized cells that perform different functions, those cells are not organized into tissues. These organisms are considered animals since they lack the ability to make their own food. Animals with true tissues are in the group Eumetazoa (\u201ctrue animals\u201d). When we think of animals, we usually think of Eumetazoans, since most animals fall into this category.<\/p>\n<p>The different types of tissues in true animals are responsible for carrying out specific functions for the organism. This differentiation and specialization of tissues is part of what allows for such incredible animal diversity. For example, the evolution of nerve tissues and muscle tissues has resulted in animals\u2019 unique ability to rapidly sense and respond to changes in their environment. This allows animals to survive in environments where they must compete with other species to meet their nutritional demands.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p>Watch a presentation by biologist E.O. Wilson on the importance of diversity.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"E.O. Wilson calls for an Encyclopedia of Life\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/e-txR1WSPBs?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_60164897-ceb7-473f-a36d-ea913a3836db\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/60164897-ceb7-473f-a36d-ea913a3836db?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_60164897-ceb7-473f-a36d-ea913a3836db\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-656\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Biology. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: OpenStax CNX. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/185cbf87-c72e-48f5-b51e-f14f21b5eabd@10.8\">http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/185cbf87-c72e-48f5-b51e-f14f21b5eabd@10.8<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/185cbf87-c72e-48f5-b51e-f14f21b5eabd@10.8<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">All rights reserved content<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>E.O. Wilson calls for an Encyclopedia of Life. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: TED. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/e-txR1WSPBs\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/e-txR1WSPBs<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em>All Rights Reserved<\/em>. <strong>License Terms<\/strong>: Standard YouTube License<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":17,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"cc\",\"description\":\"Biology\",\"author\":\"\",\"organization\":\"OpenStax CNX\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/185cbf87-c72e-48f5-b51e-f14f21b5eabd@10.8\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"cc-by\",\"license_terms\":\"Download for free at http:\/\/cnx.org\/contents\/185cbf87-c72e-48f5-b51e-f14f21b5eabd@10.8\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"E.O. Wilson calls for an Encyclopedia of Life\",\"author\":\"TED\",\"organization\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/e-txR1WSPBs\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"arr\",\"license_terms\":\"Standard YouTube License\"}]","CANDELA_OUTCOMES_GUID":"b7d4bc4f-e06d-4f2a-ac1a-21b330b1f02a, 1c46211a-ee01-47c9-bd71-a5ddb871c536","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-656","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":660,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/656\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3019,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/656\/revisions\/3019"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/660"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/656\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=656"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=656"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-nmbiology2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}