{"id":2208,"date":"2018-03-28T16:11:37","date_gmt":"2018-03-28T16:11:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-retailmanagement\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2208"},"modified":"2024-04-25T03:06:24","modified_gmt":"2024-04-25T03:06:24","slug":"store-design-and-the-shopping-experience","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/wm-retailmanagement\/chapter\/store-design-and-the-shopping-experience\/","title":{"raw":"Design and the Shopping Experience","rendered":"Design and the Shopping Experience"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Explain how store design can create a positive shopping experience for customers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nBefore we even start talking about store design, we should go over a couple of customer behaviors that inform those designs. Mainly,\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers walk counterclockwise.<\/strong> Every time you enter a mall, a supermarket, the corner store, you will veer to the right if you\u2019re able. It\u2019s just what people do.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers avoid upper and lower floors.<\/strong> In fact, shoppers really enjoy staying on the same floor they started on when they entered the store.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers hate narrow aisles.<\/strong> In most cultures, that is. If customers have to pass each other at an uncomfortably close distance, they won\u2019t go down the aisle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers need to \u201corient\u201d themselves.<\/strong> Referred to sometimes as the \u201ctransition zone\u201d or \u201cdecompression zone,\u201d this is the area where a customer gets used to the idea that he or she is in a store. It\u2019s where they stop to see which way they might go. Usually there are shopping carts and welcome signs in this area, but not much else, because customers aren\u2019t yet ready to focus on the shopping experience.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIf your store design were to go against the grain of those customer idiosyncrasies, you\u2019d already be at a disadvantage.\r\n\r\nA store layout will show the size of each department, any permanent structures, shelving and other fixtures, and even customer traffic patterns. Let\u2019s talk about a couple common layouts we see retailers using today, and how they affect the shopping experience.\r\n<h2>Grid Layout<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-5083\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175329\/StoreLayouts_Grid.jpg\" alt=\"Grid layout: floorplan with shelves in rows\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" \/>The grid store layout maximizes retail space and allows for the use of the walls, corner spaces, and any purchase retail displays. New store owners will often start with a grid display for their stores because it\u2019s also the most economical choice\u2014it makes use of everything in your store.\r\n\r\nThe grid store layout can be found in drugstores, like CVS and Walgreens, because they can pack a lot of products into the space. The drawback of the grid plan is that it usually interferes with a customer\u2019s line of site, which is why you\u2019ll often see aisles numbered and signs hanging from the ceiling, indicating which products can be found. On the other hand, the grid format doesn\u2019t have to be used to \u201cpack products in.\u201d In fact, Apple uses the grid format to display their minimalist product line . . . and to great effect.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5091\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23180313\/6456784871_441fa8c04d_b-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"An apple store layout. There are two rows of three tables with a few items displayed on each surface.\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/>\r\n<h2>Angular Layout<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-5084\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175359\/StoreLayouts_Angular.jpg\" alt=\"Angular layout: floor plan with circular and oval shaped tables\/shelves.\" width=\"301\" height=\"169\" \/>An angular store plan is best used for high-end products and a minimal inventory, because the display itself takes up a lot of space. Curved fixtures are set up in different areas of the store and show off only a few of a particular kind of product, sending the message to customers that it\u2019s the last one of the bunch and they should \u201cbuy now!\u201d\r\n\r\nJewelry stores and high-end clothing stores are most likely to use an angular store layout.\r\n<h2>Geometric Layout<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-5085\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175426\/StoreLayouts_Geometric.jpg\" alt=\"Geometric layout: floor plan with square and triangular shaped displays\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" \/>If \u201chip and trendy\u201d is the message you\u2019re trying to convey, or if Millennials are your target customers, then the geometric store layout may be the answer to your prayers. You can get an interesting, not-so-ordinary effect without breaking the pocketbook.\r\n\r\nMost of the time apparel stores are going to use the geometric store design, positioning fixtures at odd angles to achieve an interesting affect.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5093\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191440\/1600px-HK_Causeway_Bay-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Photograph of a clothing store interior. The shelfs are placed at 90 and 45 degree angles from one another, creating a more trendy vibe.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/>\r\n<h2>Other layouts<\/h2>\r\n<h3><img class=\"alignright wp-image-5086\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175447\/StoreLayouts_Diagonal.jpg\" alt=\"Diagonal layout: floorplan with shelves in diagonal rows\" width=\"300\" height=\"173\" \/>Diagonal Layout<\/h3>\r\nIn a diagonal layout, a retailer can still maximize wall space to display product the way he can when he sets up in a grid layout, but this solves some of the line-of-sight issues the grid format poses. Upon walking in, the customer can actually see a lot more product.\r\n<h3>Racetrack (or \u201cLoop\u201d) Layout<\/h3>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-5087\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175530\/StoreLayouts_Loop.jpg\" alt=\"Racetrack layout: floor plan with shelves in a loop layout\" width=\"301\" height=\"201\" \/>In a racetrack, or loop, layout, the customer enters the store and follows the path around the store, eventually returning to the front of the store to check out. Borders Books, now defunct, used the racetrack layout in their stores, which is not uncommon in large book stores. Bed, Bath and Beyond uses a racetrack layout very effectively. Often, department stores will set up each floor in a racetrack format, allowing customers to visit different departments along the way. Sears has a definite racetrack loop in most of its stores. This layout can also be used effectively in smaller, more high-end stores.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5094\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191700\/1600px-HK_Central_IFC_Armani_Jeans-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Armani Jeans store. There is merchandise along the exterior walls and a center shelf with merchandise throughout the middle of the store.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/>\r\n<h3>Forced Path Layout<\/h3>\r\n<img class=\"alignright wp-image-5088\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175556\/StoreLayouts_Forced.jpg\" alt=\"Forced path layout: floor plan with shelves in a way that creates a path with only one way to go.\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" \/>This is usually not a customer\u2019s favorite kind of layout because it does not allow for customer-driven shopping decisions. Every once in a while, though, a retailer uses the forced path layout to its maximum potential.\r\n\r\nPerhaps the most prominent example of this layout is IKEA; while the stores are often massive, there is a prescribed path that takes customers through every part of the store (with helpful arrows on the ground!).\r\n<h4><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5092\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191059\/7090607773_c542c5eaa2_k-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"IKEA storefront\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/h4>\r\n<h3><img class=\"alignright wp-image-5089\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175620\/StoreLayouts_Mixed.jpg\" alt=\"Mixed layout: floor plan with many different layouts, such as shelves in diagonal form, circular tables, and scattered shelves.\" width=\"299\" height=\"177\" \/>Mixed (or \u201cFree Form\u201d) Layout<\/h3>\r\nSuitable for almost any retailer, mixed layouts allow you to borrow the best from all of the layouts to highlight your products. This can be especially effective in stores that offer different types of products.\r\n\r\nTarget is an excellent example of a store using a mixed layout\u2014grid in their grocery area, but geometric and angular in others, depending on the product being displayed.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5095\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23192340\/1280px-Target_Palo_Alto_5_2018-08-06-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Target store clothing department using both Geometric and Grid layouts\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/>\r\n<h2>Which to Use?<\/h2>\r\nEach one of these layouts sends a different message to the shopper and promotes a particular kind of shopping experience. A retailer has to consider the type of product being sold and the amount of inventory being displayed, the target demographic, and the budget he has to work with before he can determine which is the correct layout for his store.\r\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\r\n<h3>Practice Questions<\/h3>\r\nhttps:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/491f79e1-5088-4f05-8eb2-ca75f3faafaa\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Explain how store design can create a positive shopping experience for customers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Before we even start talking about store design, we should go over a couple of customer behaviors that inform those designs. Mainly,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers walk counterclockwise.<\/strong> Every time you enter a mall, a supermarket, the corner store, you will veer to the right if you\u2019re able. It\u2019s just what people do.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers avoid upper and lower floors.<\/strong> In fact, shoppers really enjoy staying on the same floor they started on when they entered the store.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers hate narrow aisles.<\/strong> In most cultures, that is. If customers have to pass each other at an uncomfortably close distance, they won\u2019t go down the aisle.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Shoppers need to \u201corient\u201d themselves.<\/strong> Referred to sometimes as the \u201ctransition zone\u201d or \u201cdecompression zone,\u201d this is the area where a customer gets used to the idea that he or she is in a store. It\u2019s where they stop to see which way they might go. Usually there are shopping carts and welcome signs in this area, but not much else, because customers aren\u2019t yet ready to focus on the shopping experience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If your store design were to go against the grain of those customer idiosyncrasies, you\u2019d already be at a disadvantage.<\/p>\n<p>A store layout will show the size of each department, any permanent structures, shelving and other fixtures, and even customer traffic patterns. Let\u2019s talk about a couple common layouts we see retailers using today, and how they affect the shopping experience.<\/p>\n<h2>Grid Layout<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5083\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175329\/StoreLayouts_Grid.jpg\" alt=\"Grid layout: floorplan with shelves in rows\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" \/>The grid store layout maximizes retail space and allows for the use of the walls, corner spaces, and any purchase retail displays. New store owners will often start with a grid display for their stores because it\u2019s also the most economical choice\u2014it makes use of everything in your store.<\/p>\n<p>The grid store layout can be found in drugstores, like CVS and Walgreens, because they can pack a lot of products into the space. The drawback of the grid plan is that it usually interferes with a customer\u2019s line of site, which is why you\u2019ll often see aisles numbered and signs hanging from the ceiling, indicating which products can be found. On the other hand, the grid format doesn\u2019t have to be used to \u201cpack products in.\u201d In fact, Apple uses the grid format to display their minimalist product line . . . and to great effect.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5091\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23180313\/6456784871_441fa8c04d_b-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"An apple store layout. There are two rows of three tables with a few items displayed on each surface.\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Angular Layout<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5084\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175359\/StoreLayouts_Angular.jpg\" alt=\"Angular layout: floor plan with circular and oval shaped tables\/shelves.\" width=\"301\" height=\"169\" \/>An angular store plan is best used for high-end products and a minimal inventory, because the display itself takes up a lot of space. Curved fixtures are set up in different areas of the store and show off only a few of a particular kind of product, sending the message to customers that it\u2019s the last one of the bunch and they should \u201cbuy now!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Jewelry stores and high-end clothing stores are most likely to use an angular store layout.<\/p>\n<h2>Geometric Layout<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5085\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175426\/StoreLayouts_Geometric.jpg\" alt=\"Geometric layout: floor plan with square and triangular shaped displays\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" \/>If \u201chip and trendy\u201d is the message you\u2019re trying to convey, or if Millennials are your target customers, then the geometric store layout may be the answer to your prayers. You can get an interesting, not-so-ordinary effect without breaking the pocketbook.<\/p>\n<p>Most of the time apparel stores are going to use the geometric store design, positioning fixtures at odd angles to achieve an interesting affect.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5093\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191440\/1600px-HK_Causeway_Bay-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Photograph of a clothing store interior. The shelfs are placed at 90 and 45 degree angles from one another, creating a more trendy vibe.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Other layouts<\/h2>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5086\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175447\/StoreLayouts_Diagonal.jpg\" alt=\"Diagonal layout: floorplan with shelves in diagonal rows\" width=\"300\" height=\"173\" \/>Diagonal Layout<\/h3>\n<p>In a diagonal layout, a retailer can still maximize wall space to display product the way he can when he sets up in a grid layout, but this solves some of the line-of-sight issues the grid format poses. Upon walking in, the customer can actually see a lot more product.<\/p>\n<h3>Racetrack (or \u201cLoop\u201d) Layout<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5087\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175530\/StoreLayouts_Loop.jpg\" alt=\"Racetrack layout: floor plan with shelves in a loop layout\" width=\"301\" height=\"201\" \/>In a racetrack, or loop, layout, the customer enters the store and follows the path around the store, eventually returning to the front of the store to check out. Borders Books, now defunct, used the racetrack layout in their stores, which is not uncommon in large book stores. Bed, Bath and Beyond uses a racetrack layout very effectively. Often, department stores will set up each floor in a racetrack format, allowing customers to visit different departments along the way. Sears has a definite racetrack loop in most of its stores. This layout can also be used effectively in smaller, more high-end stores.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5094\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191700\/1600px-HK_Central_IFC_Armani_Jeans-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Armani Jeans store. There is merchandise along the exterior walls and a center shelf with merchandise throughout the middle of the store.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Forced Path Layout<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5088\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175556\/StoreLayouts_Forced.jpg\" alt=\"Forced path layout: floor plan with shelves in a way that creates a path with only one way to go.\" width=\"300\" height=\"176\" \/>This is usually not a customer\u2019s favorite kind of layout because it does not allow for customer-driven shopping decisions. Every once in a while, though, a retailer uses the forced path layout to its maximum potential.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the most prominent example of this layout is IKEA; while the stores are often massive, there is a prescribed path that takes customers through every part of the store (with helpful arrows on the ground!).<\/p>\n<h4><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5092\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23191059\/7090607773_c542c5eaa2_k-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"IKEA storefront\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/h4>\n<h3><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5089\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23175620\/StoreLayouts_Mixed.jpg\" alt=\"Mixed layout: floor plan with many different layouts, such as shelves in diagonal form, circular tables, and scattered shelves.\" width=\"299\" height=\"177\" \/>Mixed (or \u201cFree Form\u201d) Layout<\/h3>\n<p>Suitable for almost any retailer, mixed layouts allow you to borrow the best from all of the layouts to highlight your products. This can be especially effective in stores that offer different types of products.<\/p>\n<p>Target is an excellent example of a store using a mixed layout\u2014grid in their grocery area, but geometric and angular in others, depending on the product being displayed.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5095\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2986\/2018\/03\/23192340\/1280px-Target_Palo_Alto_5_2018-08-06-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Target store clothing department using both Geometric and Grid layouts\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Which to Use?<\/h2>\n<p>Each one of these layouts sends a different message to the shopper and promotes a particular kind of shopping experience. A retailer has to consider the type of product being sold and the amount of inventory being displayed, the target demographic, and the budget he has to work with before he can determine which is the correct layout for his store.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Practice Questions<\/h3>\n<p>\t<iframe id=\"assessment_practice_491f79e1-5088-4f05-8eb2-ca75f3faafaa\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/assess.lumenlearning.com\/practice\/491f79e1-5088-4f05-8eb2-ca75f3faafaa?iframe_resize_id=assessment_practice_id_491f79e1-5088-4f05-8eb2-ca75f3faafaa\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:300px;\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t <section class=\"citations-section\" role=\"contentinfo\">\n\t\t\t <h3>Candela Citations<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <div id=\"citation-list-2208\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div class=\"licensing\"><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Original<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Design and the Shopping Experience. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Freedom Learning Group. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Store Layout Diagrams. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Lumen Learning. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"license-attribution-dropdown-subheading\">CC licensed content, Shared previously<\/div><ul class=\"citation-list\"><li>Inauguracion Apple store calle Colon Valencia #153. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Victor Gutierrez Navarro. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/aQyHc6\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/aQyHc6<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY: Attribution<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>IKEA store just off the Ballymun Road. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: William Murphy. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Flickr. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bNzdEa\">https:\/\/flic.kr\/p\/bNzdEa<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>HK Causeway Bay clothing shop. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: Navmulas. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikimedia Commons. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:HK_Causeway_Bay_%E5%88%A9%E8%88%9E%E8%87%BA%E5%BB%A3%E5%A0%B4_Lee_Theatre_Plaza_clothing_shop_Esprit_02_interior.JPG\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:HK_Causeway_Bay_%E5%88%A9%E8%88%9E%E8%87%BA%E5%BB%A3%E5%A0%B4_Lee_Theatre_Plaza_clothing_shop_Esprit_02_interior.JPG<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>HK Central IFC Mall shop interior Armani Jeans. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: ChIfcapsho. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikimedia Commons. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:HK_Central_IFC_Mall_shop_interior_Armani_Jeans_visitors_May-2012.JPG\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:HK_Central_IFC_Mall_shop_interior_Armani_Jeans_visitors_May-2012.JPG<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><li>Target Palo Alto. <strong>Authored by<\/strong>: FASTILY. <strong>Provided by<\/strong>: Wikimedia Commons. <strong>Located at<\/strong>: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Target_Palo_Alto_5_2018-08-06.jpg\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Target_Palo_Alto_5_2018-08-06.jpg<\/a>. <strong>License<\/strong>: <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike<\/a><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/section>","protected":false},"author":62559,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"original\",\"description\":\"Design and the Shopping Experience\",\"author\":\"Freedom Learning Group\",\"organization\":\"Lumen 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